US1151301A - Bench-plane. - Google Patents

Description

W. E. SPARKS.

BENCH PLANE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 16, 1914.

1 1 5 1 ,301 Patented Aug. 24, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET COLUMBIA PLANDORAPH C0" WASHINGTON, D. C.

W. E. SPARKS.

BENCH PLANE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 16. 1914.

, 1,151,301. 111111111 Aug. 24,1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNESSES IN VENTOR.

flan am (O, fl biMw COLUMBIA PLANOORAIH co., WASHINGTON. D. c'.

W. E. SPARKS.

BENCH PLANE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 16. 1914.

1 1 5 1 ,30 1 Patented Aug. 24, 1915.

3 SHEETS-MEET 3.

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COLUMBIA PLANOURAFH 60.,WASHINOTON. D. 0.

STiTS WILLIAM E. SPARKS, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO SAR-GENT &

COMPANY, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, A

CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

BENCH-PLANE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 24, 1915.

Application filed May 16, 1914. Serial No. 839,117.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, VVILLIAM E. SPARKS, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench- Plancs, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invcntion relates to bench planes and more particularly to a type of plane in which the plane iron or bit is held against the frog or other support by means of a clamp which is adjustable independently of the bit, so that the lower edge of the clamp may be adjusted closer to or farther away from the cutting edge of the bit as required for taking a small or large chip.

The primary object of the present invention is to provide improved and simplified means for adjusting the' bit or plane iron longitudinally, and improved and simplified means for giving the bit or plane iron the necessary transversely swinging adjustment to bring the cutting edge thereof into parallelism with the throat of the plane.

To these and other ends, the invention consists in the novel features and combinations of parts to be hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating a preferred embodiment of the inven tion, Figure l is a side elevation of the plane, Fig. 2 is a top plan view thereof, Fig. 3 is an enlarged section on line 33 of Fig. 1, Fig. 4 is an enlarged section on line 44 of Fig. 2, showing the plane adjusted for taking a small chip, Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 4 but showing the adjustment for rougher work, Fig. 6 is a section on line 66 of Fig. 4, Fig. '7 is a detail face view of the clamp, Fig. 8 is a similar view of the clamp from the reverse or under side, Fig. 9 shows a face View and an edge view of the adjusting plate for the clamp, Fig. 10 is a front or top view of the frog, detached, Fig. 11 is a rear or bottom view of the frog, detached, Fig. 12 is adetail section on line 1212 of Fig. 11, and Fig. 13 is a detail section of the adjusting nut for the clamp.

Referring to the drawings, 20. designates the stock or bed of the plane, which is preferably made of metal of the usual channeled cross-section. The front handle of usual type is indicated at 21 and the Ordinary rear handle is shown at 22. The bit or plane iron 23 is clamped against a frog 24 by means of a clamp 25. The bit is moved into and out of a throat 26 in the bed or sole of the stock by means of an adjusting screw 27 carried by the frog 24.

Referring particularly to Figs. 4 and 6, it will be noted that the stock is provided at opposite sides with abutments 28 adjacent the respective side walls. These abutments are slanted off at the top at a proper incline to provide a firm and substantial seat for the lower surface of the frog, and the latter is clamped to the abutments by means of screws 29. At the lower rear part of the frog 24 the latter carries a projecting lug 30 in which the lower end portion of the adjusting screw 27 is freely rotatable. The adjusting screw has a plain bearing in the lug 30 and is prevented from longitudinal movement with respect to said lug by means of collars on the screw at opposite sides of the lug. The lower collar, indicated at 31, is detachably held 'in place by a pin 32. The opposite or upper end of the adjusting screw 27 has a bearing in a lug 33 projecting from the rear upper portion of the frog and similar to the lug 30. The frog 24 is provided intermediate the lugs 30, 33 with a longitudinal slot 34 which serves as a guide for a bit-adjusting nut 35 having threaded engagement with the shank of the adjusting screw. The nut 35 has a portion projecting into and snugly fitting the slot 34, so that when a milled head 36 on the upper end of the screw 27 is rotated in one or the other direction, the nut 35 will be moved lengthwise of the frog in one or the other direction. This effects the longitudinal adjustment of the bit 23, which is provided at its rear surface with a notch 37 engaged by a pin 38 on the upper surface of the adjusting nut.

The transverse adjustment of the bit, in order to keep its cutting edge in parallelism with the throat, is effected by the following mechanism: At the upper or butt end of the bit or plane iron 23 the latter is provided with a longitudinal slot 39 the opposite side edges of which are adapted to be engaged by a nose 40 of an adjusting lever 41 pivoted to the lug 33 by means of a pin 42. The pin 42 is intermediate of the ends of the lever 41 and said lever is movable in a plane substantially perpendicular to the plane of the frog body and the plane of the bit. adjusting lever is preferably formed of a sheet metal piece bent into U-shape at one end to afford a gripping portion 43 by means of which the lever may be manipulated. The oscillatory movement of the lever in either direction is not interfered with by the adjusting screw, as the lever is provided with a clearance opening 44 of considerably larger size than the portion of the screw shank which extends through said opening (Fig. 12), and it will be manifest that as the lever 41 is swung on its pivot 42 in one direction, one side of the nose will be engaged by one of the side edges of the slot 89, whereby the bit will be swung transversely of the plane in one direction. If the adjusting lever is moved in the opposite direction the transverse adjusting movement of the'bit will be opposite to that first indicated. Hence by proper adjustment of the lever 41 the bit or plane iron can easily be brought to a position in which its cutting edge has the desired parallel relation to the throat 26. Of course, this transverse adjustment of the bit by means of the lever 41 is not effected by the longitudinal adjustment of the bit, for as the latter is moved lengthwise the nose 40 of the adjusting lever will be engaged with the slot 39 at different points in its length. This arrangement of the transverse adjusting means has the advantage that the lever is engaged with the bit in a simple but positive way in all the lengthwise adjustments of the bit, the leverage on the bit being quite suflicient to move it with a slight effort. Moreover, the manipulating portion of the lever is located immediately adjacent and back of the head of the lengthwise adjustment screw, so that it may be reached and adjusted with maximum facility.

The clamp 23 for clamping the bit against the frog is adjusted longitudinally i. e. toward and away from the throat 26, by means of the following mechanism: The clamp has formed on the upper surface thereof opposing guide lugs 44 by means of which the clamp is guided along an adjusting plate 45. This plate has an its body portion or shank to clear the clamping screw 47 which passes through a threaded hole 48 in the clamp 25 and bears at its inner end against the upper surface of the bit. The screw 47 is provided with a milled adjusting head 49. At its lower end the plate is provided with a T-head 50 hav ing on its upper surface a groove 51 extending transversely with respect to the adjusting plate and adapted to engage the under surface of a cross pin or bridge 52 fixed at its respective ends to the side walls or flanges of the stock. The plate 45 lies flat on the upper surface of the clamp 25 against which it is retained by the lugs 44, and when elongated opening 46 in the T-head 50 of the plate has been engaged with the under portion of the cross pin 52 in the manner stated, the screwing in of the clamping screw 47 will obviously secure the clamp and the bit tightly in place, inasmuch as the cross pin 52 will act as a pivot about which the clamp is moved to bind its lower edge against the lower portion of the bit and the clamping screw 47 against the intermediate portion of the bit. The plate 45 therefore serves as an attachment for the clamp by means of which the latter may be placed in pivotal relation to the cross pin when the clamping screw 47 is properly adjusted, the clamp and adjusting plate being readily detachable from assembled position when the clamping screw is released from its binding engagement with the bit. At its upper end the plate 45 is provided with a threaded extremity 53 which engages inte-. rior screw threads of a milled adjusting nut 54 freely rotatable with respect to the clamp but movable longitudinally therewith. In the form shown, the hollow adjusting nut 54 is detachably seated in a boss or socket portion 55 formed integral with the upper end portion of the clamp. Beneath the boss 55, the under portion of the clamp is cut away at 55 to permit the nut 54 to be detachably seated in the boss, in which position a collar 56 on the nut-is-engaged with a groove 57 in the boss in order to prevent longitudinal movement of the nut in the latter when the parts are assembled. in assembling, the nut is placed in its seat in the boss and the threaded extremity, 58 of the adjusting plate is then engaged with the interior screw threads of the nut. When the nut is rotated in such a direction as to pull the threaded extremity or shank 53 into the same, the displacement of the nut from its seat will be effectively prevented and as the nut is rotated in one or the other direction the clamp 25 will be obliged to move toward or away from the throat, as the case may be, inasmuch as the plate 45 is fixed relatively to the stock by means of its engagement with the cross pin 52.

It will therefore be understood that with the construction described, the bit and the clamp may be easily moved into any desired relative positions. When a fine chip is to be taken, the screw 27 for effecting thelongitudinal movement of the bit is so manipulated as to project the bit only to a very slight extent beyond the lower surface of the bed, and'the nut 54 will be so manipulated as to move the lower edge of the clamp 25 into very close proximity to the cutting projected farther out of the throat and the clamp being farther retreated from the edge of the bit. However, I do not claim the mechanism for clamping the bit on the frog, as the same forms no part of my invention,

Without limiting myself to the precise construction shown, I claim:

1. In a plane, the combination of a stock, a frog detachably set in said stock and having a longitudinal slot extending through said frog, an adjusting screw substantially parallel to the geometrical plane of the frog at the rear of the latter, means forming a bearing for the lower end of said adjusting screw, an integral lug projecting rearwardly and downwardly from said frog at the upper rear portion of the latter, and serving as a bearing for the upper end portion of said adjusting screw, a nut threaded and traveling on said adjusting screw at the rear of the frog, a bit clamped on said frog, a part on said nut extending forwardly and upwardly into the slot of said frog, and op eratively engaging said bit at a point intermediate of the ends of said bit and inter-' termediate of the end bearings of said screw, and a milled adjusting head carried by said. screw above the upper bearing; substan tially as described.

2. In a plane, the combination of a stock, a frog, a lug extending rearwardly from said frog atthe upper rear part of the latter, an adjusting screw having a bearing in said lug, a bit, a nut on said screw to engage the bit and adjust it lengthwise, a lever for adjusting said bit transversely, pivoted on said lug and engaging a longitudinal slot in the bit and extending around the shank of said adjusting screw, and an adjusting head for said screw in close proximity to said lever; substantially as described.

3. In a plane, the combination of a frog having a projecting lug, a bit clamped on said frog and having a longitudinal slot, an adjusting screw for the bit having a bearing in said lug and having connection with the bit to move the latter longitudinally, and a device mounted on said lug and engaged with the slot of the bit to adjust the bit in a transverse direction; substantially as described.

. 4-. In a plane, the combination of a frog having a projecting lug, a bit clamped on said frog, an adjusting screw for adjusting the bit longitudinally, having a bearing in said lug, and a lever for adjusting the bit transversely, pivoted on said lug and having a clearance opening for said adjusting screw permitting the latter to project outwardly therebeyond; substantially as described.

5. In a plane, the combination of a frog, having a projecting lug, a bit clamped on said frog, and having a longitudinal slot at the butt end portion thereof, an adjusting screw for adjusting the bit longitudinally, a lever for adjusting the bit transversely, arranged perpendicularly with respect to said adjusting screw, and having an open ing to clear the latter, and means pivoting said lever on said lug to engage the slot in the bit and to move laterally; substantially as described.

6. In a plane, the combination of a frog, having a rearwardly and downwardly projecting lug, a bit clamped on said frog, an adjusting screw for adjusting the bit longitudinally, having a bearing in said lug, an adjusting head for said screw above and at the rear of said lug, and a lever for ad justing the bit transversely, pivoted on the upper rear surface of said lug, beneath, but in closeproximity to said adjusting head, substantially as described.

7. In a plane, the combination of a stock, a frog detachably set in said stock and having longitudinal. slot extending through said frog, an adjusting screw substantially parallel to the geometrical plane of the frog at the rear of the latter, means forming a bearing for the lower end of said adjusting screw, an integral lug, projecting rearwardly and downwardly from said frog at the upper rear portion of the latter, and serving as a bearing for the upper end of said screw, a nut threaded and traveling on said adjusting screw at the rear of the frog, a bit clamped on said frog, a part on said nut extending forwardly and upwardly into the slot of said frog, and engaging an opening or notch in the bit intermediate of the ends of the latter, whereby said bit may be adjusted lengthwise, said bit having a longitudinal slot at the upper or butt-end portion thereof, above the point of engagement of said nut with said bit, and means engaging the slot of said bit to adjust the bit transversely; substantially as described.

8. In a plane, a stock, bearings at the opposite sides thereof to support a bit in an inclined position, a removable frog resting on said bearings, means for detachably securing the frog to said bearings, a bit on the frog, and adjusting means for the bit carried by the frog and arranged at the rear thereof between said bearings, substantially as described.

9. In a plane, a stock, bearings at the opposite sides thereof, to support a bit in an inclined position, a removable frog resting on said bearings, means for detachably securing the frog to said bearings, a bit on the frog, and longitudinal and lateral adjusting means for the bit carried by the frog and arranged at the rear thereof between said bearings, substantially as described.

10. In a plane, a stock, a. frog on the stock, a bit clamped to the frog, and means for adjusting the bit longitudinally and laterally including a part on the frog constituting a bearing, an adjusting screw in said bearing, and an adjusting lever to impart lateral movement to the bit also mounted on said part and through which the adjusting screw passes.

11. In a plane, a stock, a frog on the stock, a bit clamped to the frog, and means for adjusting the bit longitudinally andlaterally including a part on the frog constituting a bearing, an adjusting screw in said bearing, and an adjusting lever to impart lateral movement tothe bit also mounted on said part and through which the adjusting screw passes, said lever being pivoted to the part and having an enlarged opening permitting play of the lever over the screw.

12. In a plane, a stock having suitable bearing portions, a detachable frog resting on and secured to said bearing portions, said frog having a slot therein, and rearwardly extending lugs beyond the ends of said slot, an adjusting screw-mounted in said bearings, and means on the screw passing through the slot adapted to effect longitudinal adjustment of the bit, substantially as described.

13. In a plane, a stock having suitable bearing portions, a detachable frog resting on and secured to said bearing portions,

said frog having a slot therein, and rear bearing portions, a detachable frog resting on and secured to said bearing portions, said frog having a slot therein, and rearwardly extending lugs beyond the ends of said slot, an adjusting screw mounted in said bear in s and means on the screw assin through the slot adapted to effect longitudinal adjustment of the bit, the lowermost bearing lug and the screw being arranged between the bearing portions ofthe stock to which the frog is secured.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand on the 6th day of May, 1914:.

WVILLIAM E. SPARKS. Witnesses:

MABEL A. Bnssn, ADELE M. LoNGs'rEIN.

, Copies of this patent may be obtained for fivecents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

7 Washington, D. 0.

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