US1149986A - Internal-combustion engine. - Google Patents

Description

A. ROSNER.

INTERNAL coMBUsTloN ENGlNE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE I3. I9l2.

5. 1 Qu 1 0, 1 a@ u A d 6 t D e t a D1 m 4 I.. my

45 the cylinder and providing thereat an annu- UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEIcE.

ADOLPH ROSNER, F BRIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE' LOCOMOBILE COMPANYl 0F AMERICA, OFBRIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION 01E WEST VIRGINIA.- Y

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Patented Ang. 1o, 1915.l

Application led J' une 13, 1912. Serial No. 703,453.

` To all 101mm ttmay concern:

Be .it known that I, ADoLrII ROSNER, av

subject of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary, and a resident of Bridgeport, county of Fairfield, State of Connecticut, have invented an Improvement in Internal- Combustion Engines, of which the following description, in connection 4with the accompanying drawmgs, is a specification; like vcharacters onthe drawings representing like parts.

This invention relates to internal combustionengines, and particularlyjto means for controlling the admissionl of fuel to the cylinder' andthe exhaustion of waste gases therefrom.`

The invention will be best understood by I rreference to the following description when l taken -in connection with the accompanying illustration of one specific embodiment thereof, while its scope will Vbe more particularly having the workingv piston 3 connected by `,the connecting rod 4 to the crank 5 andcrank shaft 6. The working space of the cylinder or that part-through which 'the piston travels is surrounded by the water jacket 7 and the piston slides in direct contact with the water jacketedwalls of the fixed cylinder. The

rear end of the cylinder is closed by the cylinder head 8 which is bolted-:or otherwise fixedly secured to the head end of the cylinder, preferably forming a gas-tight joint and a gas-tight closure. The cylinder head has a portion 9 which projects into-the rear end of the cylinder, the projecting portion being of lesser diameter than the diameter of lar space 10 between the cylinder and the reentrant walls of the head.l The cylinder head has the centrally arranged spark plu ing space thereof and in close proximity to the projecting portion of the cylinder-head,

are provided the oppositely ydisposed admissionand-exhaust ports 13 and 14, respectively. .While these parts may be otherwise plocated, they are preferably formed in the walls of the cylinder bore itself and as indicated in dotted lines extend each part way around the cylinder. e

In the described embodiment of the invention the ports 13 and 14 are controlled by independently movable slide valves -15 and 16, respectively. While the valves might consist of flat plates or have other than' a curvilinear shape, for convenience in construction as well as efficient operation, each valve preferably comprises an arc-shaped segmental plate having a curvature corresponding to the curvature of the cylinder bore so that it is adapted to seat thereagainst `and having edges which maybe in sliding abutment with each other, but herein are shown as separated byv an intervening space. These valve plates or slidesV are moved independently upand down by means to be' the same and subsequently withdrawn therefrom to open the port. The valve slides at their'inner faces are exposed to the pressure ofthe gas contained in the cylinder so that Ythey are automatically :seated during the relation, valve-moving means are provided havingv connection with the valves through openings 17 and 18, respectively, formed in the cylinder walls and` in the seats over which the valves slide. Working inthe openings 17 and 18 there are provided the actuating levers 19 and 20, respectively. These are connected to the valvesat their sides or faces, each by means of-a trunnion block 21 seated between lugs 22 projecting 11 and is provided with the water. jacket 1 v At the rear of the cylinder, beyond the workoutwardly from the valves, the block being spanned by and jointed to the forked ends of the lever. The openings 17 and 18 being formed 1a the cylinder and the valves covering the same and being pressed automatically thereagainst by the pressure within the cylinder space all leakage outward 1s substantially prevented through the opens4 ings in the same manner as it is through the' ports 13 and 14 when the latter are closed.

The levers 19 and 20 are lpivoted at`23 and 24, respectively, to work in chambersf25 and 34 on the cam shafts 35 and 36. vThese cam shafts are driven at one-half the speed of the crank shaft through gears 37 and 38 meshing with the pinion 39 on the crank shaft.- Each cam is provided with'a pro-I jection which when brought beneath its cam roll lifts its respective valve and moves it back into the annular space 10 to open its respective port. On the withdrawal of the cam projection from the cam roll thervalve is moved back to close its port under pressure of one of the valve closing springs V40 or 41, which latter encircle the push rods 29.v and 30, respectively, and press the cam rolls down against the peripheries of the cams. The push rods. and associated parts are housed in by the protecting casings 42 and 43. The invention being illustrated as applied to a four-cycle engine, the valveopening movement takes place once for each two double strokes of the piston. While the valves are automatically seated by the pressure within the cylinder during the compression and working strokes and the resistance of the valves to leakage is automatically increased as the pressure within the cylinder increases, there is apt to be in this type of valve a tendency to leakage into the cylinder from Without around the slides on the suctionstroke and especially when the engine is throttled and running at low speeds. Under these conditions the vacuum within the cylinder increases on the suction stroke and the leakage of air through the openings 17 and 18 and around the edges of the slides admits a volume of air to the cylinder on the suction stroke which dilutes the mixture and tends to prevent the charge from firing. This suction also tends to lift the slide from its seat and to cause it to strike the cylinder head, thereby producing a. slapping noise.

To prevent the leakage from vWithout the cylinder into the same, I have herein protected the chambers 25 and 26 against the entrance of-eXternal air, said chambers being entirely closed at the top by the covers 27 and 28, respectively, and the valve-operating rods 29 and 30 passing down and out of said chambers eachV through a flanged bushing 44 and a rubber gasket 45, thereby providing a packed jointk and substantially air tight joint thereat. By thus protecting the chambers 25 and 26 against the entrance of eX- y ternal air, the formation of any considerable vacuum on the suction stroke, such as may be due to throttling down the engine, cannot draw an appreciable volume of air from the chambers after the first stroke or two of the piston, even though the seating of the valves be such as to afforda more or less free communication between the chambers and the A cylinder space on the suction stroke. This provision for preventing inward leakage during thesuction stroke is found to give greatly improved results. As a further means for avoiding leakage and preventing the lifting of the slide valve from its seat, I may, and preferably do, open communication between the admission conduit of the engine and one or both of the chambers 25 and 26,` thereby tending to equalize the vacuum in the said chamber or chambers and the vacuum within the cylinder on the suction stroke of the engine after the admission valve 15 is opened. This may be accomplished in various ways, but herein I have provided an opening 46 which places the admission space adjacent the admission port 13 in free communication with the chamber 25. This causes the suction within the said chamber to be maintained at the same point as the suction within the -admission conduit. lV hen the admission valve 15 is opened on the suction stroke, there results no greater tendency for leakage about the edges of the valve 15 from the chamber 25 than there is for the vapor to enter the cylinder through the port 13 which is then open and if such leakage should occur, it merely results in augmenting the admission and in drawing fuel vapor from the admission space through the opening 46 vand chamber 25 labout the edges of the valve intothe cylinder. Similarly, if desired, the chamber 26 to which the outer face of the exhaust valve 16 is eX- posed may be connected to the admission conduit. This connection may be obtained in any desired way, but herein I have con- .nected the admission pipe 47 through the harm, because it is counteracted by the suction in the admission conduit through pipes 48, 49 and 50.

It will be understood that the same principles may be applied to slide and other valves having different formations and shapes and located with relation to the piston and cylinder, otherwise than is shown in the specific embodiment of the invention illustrated. Y

While I have herein shown and described for purposes of illustration one specific form of the invention, it is to be understood that the latter is not limited to the precise constructional features disclosed nor to the form or relative arrangement of parts nor to the particular type of engine described, but that extensive modifications may be made in the illustrated `embodiment of the invention without departing from the spirit thereof.

Claims: v

l. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a ported cylinder of a piston, a cylinder head having an inwardly projecting portion, a pair of segmental arcshaped slide valves between the cylinder head and cylinder and controlling respectively the admission and-exhaust ports, each valve having a port controlling portion adapted to be head and exposed to the seating pressure of the cylinder, valve moving means for each valve contained in a chamber and each engaging its valve through an opening in the valve seat, said chambers being protected against the entrance of external air,

and means providing for communication between the admission conduit of the engine and each of said chambers, thereby tending to equalize the pressure in said chambers and the cylinder on the suction strokeof the en- 1ne. g 2. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a `ported cylinder of a piston, a pair of segmental, arc-shaped slide valves controlling respectively the admission and exhaust ports, each valve being exposed to the seating pressure of the cylinder, valve moving means for each valve contained in a. chamber and. each engaging its valve through an opening of the valve seat, said chambers being protected against the entrance of external air, and means providing communication between the admission conduit of the engine and each of said chambers, thereby tending to equalize the pressure in said chambers and the cylinder on the suction stroke of the engine. ,I

3. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a ported cylinder, of a piston, a pair of segmental karc-shaped slide valves, controlling respectively the admission and exhaust ports, valve-moving means for each valve engaging the valve through a chamber separate from the cylinder space and valve port, and means providing for communication between the admission conlduit of the engine and each of said chambers. y

4. In an internal combustion engine, the

Vcombination with a ported cylinder, of a piston, a pair of slide valves controlling re- 5 spectively the admission and exhaust ports,

projected beyond the cylinderA means for equalizing the pressure in each i of said spaces andthe cylinder space on the suction stroke of the engine.

6. YInl an internal combustion engine, the c ombinationy with va ported cylinder of a piston, a slide valve controlling a lcylinder port, the pressure in the cylinder serving to hold the valve to its seat, and an opening in the valve seat in addition to the port, said opening being covered by the valve and communicating with a chamber, and the latter being protected against the entrance of external air.

v 7. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a ported cylinder having an admission conduit, of a piston, a slide valve controlling a cylinder sure in the cylinder serving to hold ythe valve to its seat, an'opening in the valve seat in addition to the port, said opening communieating with a chamber, and a'connection between the chamber and the admission conduit of theengine.

8. In an internal combustion engine, the combinationY with a ported cylinder of a piston, a slide valve controlling a cylinder port, the pressure inthe cylinder serving to hold the valve to its seat, an opening in the valve seat in addition to the porty opening, said opening communicating with the chamber, and means for equalizing the pressure in said chamber and said cylinder on the suction stroke of the engine.

9. In an internal combustion en ine, the combination with a ported cylin er of a piston, a slide valve controlling a cylinder port, the pressure in the cylinder serving to hold the valve to its seat, an opening in the valve seat in addition to the port openaok 11. In an internal combustion engine, theV combination with a ported cylinder of a piston,a slide valve controlling a cylinder port, the pressure in the cylinder serving to hold the valve to its seat, moving means for the valve engaging the latter through a chamber having an opening in the valve seat, and means providing for communication between the said chamber and the admission conduit o theengine.

12. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a ported cylinder of a piston, a slide valve controlling a cylinder port, the pressure in the cylinder serving to hold the valve to its seat, moving `means for the valve engaging the latter through a chamber vhaving an opening in the valve seat, and means forequalizing the pressure in the said chamber and in said cylinder on the suction stroke of the engine.

13. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with-v a ported cylinder of a piston, asegmental arc-shaped -slide valve Y controlling a cylinder port, the pressure in the cylinder serving to hold the valve to its seat, an opening in the valve seat inv additionr tothe port, said opening communi eating with a chamber anda connection be-4 tween said chamber land the admission conduit of the engine.

14. In an internal combustion engine, the

lcombination with a ported cylinder of a piston, a segmental, arc-shaped slide valve controlling a cylinder port,`the pressure in the cylinder serving to hold the valve` to its seat, an opening in the seat in addition tol the port, said opening communicating with a chamber and the latter protected against the entrance of external air.

15. YIn an internal combustion engine,the Y combination with a portedcylinder having an admission conduit, of a piston, an 'arcn shaped slide valve controlling a cylinder port, valve moving means engaging the valve through a chamber separate from the cylinder space and the controlled port, and means providing for communicationv between the said chamber andthe admission conduit -in the chamber. r

16. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a ported cylinder having an admission conduit, of a piston, a slide valve controlling acylinder port, valve-moving means engaging the valve through a chamber separate from the c linder space and the controlled port, said eiiamber being protectedagainst the entrance ofA external air and having an opening covered by said valve through which opening said valve moving means passes.v

17. In an internal ycombustion engine, the

combination with a ported cylinderfhaving an admission conduit of a piston, a slide valve controlling a piston port, valve-movproviding communication between chamber separate from the cylinder space and the controlled port, and` means for equalizing the pressure between the chamber and the cylinder space on the suction stroke of the piston.

18. vIn an internal combustion engine, the combination with a ported cylinder, of a piston, a slide valve controlling a'port and eX- posed to a space apart. from the cylinder space and the controlled port, and mean sai space and the admission conduit of the engine. v

19. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a ported cylinder, of a piston,'a slide valve -controllinga portv and exposed to a space apart from the cylinder space and the controlled port, and means tending to balance the pressure in said space -and the cylinder on the suction stroke of the engine.

20.' In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a ported cylinder of a piston, an arc-shaped slide valve controlling a port and exposed to a space apart from the cylinder space and the controlled port, and means providing `communication between saidspace and the admission conduit of the engine. i

2l. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder having an exhaust port, a slide valve controlling the same, said valve being exposed to a spacev apart from the cylinder space. and the exhaust port, and means providing for communication between the said space and the admission conduit of the engine.

22. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder having an exhaust port, a slide valve" controlling the same, said valve being exposed to a space haust port, and means for balancing the pressure in the said space and the cylinder on the suction stroke of the engine.

23. In an internal combustion engine, the combination lwith a ported cylinder of aV piston, a slide valve controlling a cylinder port, said valve being seated by the pressure in the engine cylinder during compression and working strokes, and means fory balancing the pressure on opposite sides of said valve during the suction stroke..

24. In an internal combustion engine, combination with a ported cylinder of a piston,-a slide valve controlling a cylinder port, said valve being seated by the pressure in the engine cylinder during compression and working strokes, and means foradjusting the gaseous pressure on opposite sides of the valve to prevent the lifting of the apart from the cylinder space and the ex-- the valve off its seat during the suct1on stroke.

In testimony whereof, I hayesigned Amy` FW name to this specifibation, in the presence of tWo subscribing Witnesses.-V W

ADOLPH ROSNER. Witnesses;

A. L. RIKER, Y A. C. SCHULZ.

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