US1148401A - A process for treating osier bark. - Google Patents

Description

, E.PETZ.

PROCESS FOR TREATING OSIER BARK.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 2h 19H.

LHHAM. Patented July 27, 1915.

COLUMBIA PLANOORAPH c0.. WASHINGTON, D. c,

llmTElU e TATlEYfi PATENT @FFFGE.

EDUARD PE'IZ, 0F ZELEGHOWITZ, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY, ASSIGNOR TO AUSTRIAN FIRM: FILZKORKFABRIK GESELLSCI-IAFT MIT BESCI-IRANKTER HAFTUNG, 0F VIENNA,

AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.

A PROCESS FOR TREATING OSIER BARK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 27, 1915.

Application filed February 21, 1914. Serial No. 820,196.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, EDUARD Pn'rz, subject of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary, residing at Zelechowitz, in Moravia, Austria-Hungary, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in a Process for Treating Osier' Bark, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing.

The present invention relates to the utilization of osier bark and the object of the present invention is to provide a method of utilizing the bark of osiers whereby a spinnable fiber and also insulating materials and a filling material for linoleum masses are obtained, in such a manner that it is possible to treat and prepare the whole of the bark or cortical material to produce substances of high value without any waste. The bark of one-year old osier willows in which the bast fibers are still relatively tender is best suited for treatment in accordance with the present invention. Thesebarks are stored in a moderately moist and well aerated room.

The barks, which for the greater part retain their original moisture are first of all treated by steam supplied for two to three hours at a pressure of 1 to 3 atmospheres. The bark is then pickled for approximately 12 hours (over night) in an alkaline soap bath and it is then passed through a Hollander machine for the purpose of separating the long fibers that have already been loosened from the outer bark; this machine consists of a cylinder covered with obtuse crushing members from which the bark is drawn over a stone foundation 'in crushing and scraping it. The long spinningfibers are then separated from the short fiber material. From the latter the finer constituents are separated by sifting and these are ground to powder and utilized in substitution of cork flour while the coarse fibrous material is pressed into insulating plates or which may be quilted to form felt like plates or the like. The long fibers are still somewhat brittle as they leave the H01- lander machine and for the purpose of obtaining a soft touch they are treated for approximately half an hour with steam at 3 to 4: atmospheres saturated with glycerin, whereupon they are dried by means of hot air. By means of these operations a very high-grade, firm, pliable spinning fiber is obtalined which is similar in touch to sheeps woo v The accompanying drawings illustrate an installation for carrying the process accordmg to the present invention into practice in a continuous operation; the material is supplied to this installation by means of a stream of water which carries it through the various mechanisms in correspondence with the order of the operations to be effected. For the sake of compactness in their representation, the several mechanisms are shown arranged in series while in reality they are arranged in tiers.

Figure 1, is a side elevation of parts of the device partly in section. Fig. 2 illustrates a detail drawn to a larger scale.

In carrying the invention into effect as illustrated the bark is placed in receptacles a,two or more of which can be arranged side by side; water is admitted to those receptacles from a reservoir 0 at a higher level, which is constantly supplied through a pump pipe m, the branch pipe at being suitably adjusted for supplying the several receptacles. The latter are then closed, the cock Z of the steam pipe opened and the bark material is treated with steam at a pressure of 2 atmospheres for from 1 to 3 hours. When the supply of steam is cut oil cooling to approximately 50 C. is effected and soap and soda are introduced into the receptacles a in such quantities that a bath of approximately 3% of soap and 1% of soda is obtained and the bark material is pickled in this bath at the temperature indicated for about 12 hours. By: means of these two operations of steaming and pickling the pliability of the finer bast fibers is increased without injuring them, the outer layer of barkis to a great extent detached,

'th'etannin leached out and the bark as a whole is prepared for the crushing process.

After discharging the pickling bath (through y) the slide 6 of the receptacle a is drawn up and the material flows gradually out of the receptacle a when the cook a is slightly opened; the material descends in a chute h to the Hollander trough 9 between two fluted cylinders to which are loosely in mesh and serve to give the material a preliminary crushing and convey it to the H01- lander cylinder proper 14 whose obtuse knives draw the material over a foundation 4) of roughened sand stone. As at the same time the material still retained by the fluted cylinders w it experiences a vigorous crushing and scraping on the foundation 1; while the reservoir another conduit j leads into the Hollander trough and serves to supply a larger quantity of water when required.

At the end of the Hollander trough a rockable'rake ris arrangedand serves to retain the long spinningfibers, while the short fibrousmateria'l collects with the bark dust in the chamber i. As soon as a suitable quantity of bark has passed through the Hollander machine, the short material is carried by the water into the mixer 0, when the bottom valve is is lifted, while the long fibers are lifted out by means of the rake 1". These fibers are now placed in a steam-tight steam chest, steamed for about half an hour with steam at from 3 to 4 atmospheres saturated with glycerin and finally dried by means of hot air.

The waste material is discharged from the mixer c by opening the cock 1-, into a trough d divided by a sieve a; the dust collects in the lower compartment of this trough andis discharged therefrom with Water and separated by filtration. The dust is then dried and ground and in this condition constitutesan advantageous substitute for cork flour, particularly as a filling material for linoleum masses.

The fibrous material is lifted out of the upper part of the reservoir 03 by means of scoop or dipper gear. The arms 6 of this gear carry at their end sieve plates 6 upon which the dipper frames Z are detachably mounted in the manner indicated in Fig. 2. During immersion the dipper frames fill with fibrousmaterial and as soon as they reach the horizontal position they are removed from the sieve-plates and are directly brought into the press 10 in which the material is pressed. The frameand the briquet or 1 block are then displaced laterally over the opening 9 in the press table and the Copies of this patent may he obtained for block is knocked through this opening. The empty frame is then again inserted in the dipper gear. Preferably a plurality of presses p are appropriately grouped around the tank d. The briquets are then either dried directly and can be used in this form for insulating purposes and the like, for which they are eminently suited owing to their high heat insulating capacity in conjunction With low specific weight; they can also be quilted into felt like plates.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be .performed, I declare that what I claim is:

'1. A process for simultaneously obtaining spinning fibers, insulating material and cork flour, 'from the bark of osiers in which the bark is first steamed at a slight excess of pressure and then pickled in an alkali soap bath, then drawn in a wet state under pressure in order to separate the long fibers from the outer bark, then subjecting the material to a crushing and scraping treatment, the outer bark is then removed and the long fibers are treated with steam saturated with glycerin and finally dried by means of hot air.

2. A process for simultaneously obtaining spinning fibers, insulating material and cork flour from the bark of osiers, in which the bark is first steamed at a slight excess of pressure and then pickled in a bath of approximately 3% of soap and 1% of soda,

then drawn in a wet state under pressure in order to separate the long fibers from the outer bark, then subjected to a crushing and scraping treatment, the outer bark material is then removed and the long fibers are treated with steam at from 3 to 4 atmospheres and saturated with glycerin, and finally dried by means of hot air.

In'testimony whereof I affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

EDUARD PETZ.

Witnesses FRANZ BERZEAR, AUGUsT Fuecnn.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. G.

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