US1136784A - Ventilating window or door. - Google Patents

Description

G. A. FAIR.

VENTILATING WINDOW 0R DOOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 2s. 1914.

1,136,784. Patented Apr. 20, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

G. A. FAIR.

VENTILATING WINDOW 0R DOOR.

APPLICATION man Mmm-1914.

Patented Apr. 20, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

GEORGE e. FAIR, er Los ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

VENTILATING, WINDOW R POOR@ 1 meterse.. l

specification of Letters'ra'nt.

Patented nepi. eeiers.

Application led. May 26, 1914i. Serial No; 8141,10?.

To all whom 'it may'co'nclewi: A J. a vBe 1 t known that GEORGE A.; FAIR, citizenof the United States, residing at Los Angeles, inl the county of Los Yeles and State 'of California, have invente certain new and useful Improvements 'in Ventilating Windows or Doors, of which'the following is a specification.

Mylinvention relates to windows'V and par` ticularly to windows so constructed as to providefor a proper ventilation of the apartments in which the windows are used.

j so

The primary object of my invention is the provision of means whereby the inlet of fresh'air or the outlet of vitiated air into or from a room or other apartment may be readily regulated, the construction `being such that direct drafts of air are prevented.

A further object of the inventionis the provision in a window-of spaced sashes inclosing between them a normally dead'air space,4 the spaces between the sashes, how' ever, being connected .with means hereby fresh airmay enter'between the sas -es and by a proper regulation ofthe inner Sashes be allowedv to enter the room. n f

A further object of the invention 'is the provision of a window sofconstru'cted that diifusi-on boxes are formed at the upper and lower ends'of the window,.these diffusion boxes admitting air'between the outer andV inner sashes and fbeing provided with controlling dampers so that the amount of air s o entering may be readily controlled.

Still another `object' of. the inventiony is to provide a sash frame of 'af very simple construction so "formed that -it may bejre'adily opened to permit the insertion orremoval of a pane of glass.

Other objects will Vappearin the course of the followingd cription.

lCertain impr vements of my ,invention the accompanying`v draw.

are illustrated in ings, wherein: A

Figure l is a facefview of a pivotedj win` dow constructed in accordance with. my invention.v Fig. 2 is al vertical section, on the line 2-,2 of Fig. 1, Figr is' an enlarged seztionof the l,lower diffusion box shown Fig. 2 Fig. l is a fragmentary horizontal section on, the line 4 4 of Fig. 2l Fig. 5 is a perspective View ofon'e of the sash; frames.4 Fig; 6 is a fra mentally -verticalf section throigh it pgtfe!! 'Tand j ironan 8j the ,o ,annelironfen-the einden@ of. the'fnter and meer .pairs 0f entary sectional view on; the Iine'G-Go Fig. 2. Fig. 7 is..afrag-,

a railway car showing my improved ventilating window as applled thereto.

Corresponding and like parts are referred to in the following description and indicated in fall the views ofthe. accompanying drawi s by the samereference characters.

' n Figs. 1 to 6 I show my improvement as applied to a particular. form of window construction, such a window construction as is illustrated. in my ending application, Serial No. 807,527, ed on the 18th day of Dec., 1913. nthis form gf window, the main frame. .of the window is rectangular and is pivoted at the corners. so that the window opens outward in the manner of a easement Window; Disposed within .this

main window frame and movable therewith are. outer and inner sliding sashes. ln this prior invention, above referred to,A the, diffusion'boxes or Ventilating boxes are disposed in the window Casin above and below the pivoted window frame y which the passage ofireshair into the roomv could be controlled. I have shown my invention 'as applied to such a pivoted window frame, as is disclosed in my prior applicatiombut I do not wish. tobe limited to this construction, as ity isV obvious that the. invention might be applie to windows which were not pivoted.v

Referring vto Figs. 1 to. 6, y2 designates a windowy casing of any usual or. approved l form. In" the lintel andi sill of the. window lar 1n form and* is preferably made up of sheet Inet-al sections.. This outer window.

that the window frame is pivot'ed for move- .fa'ne 'is provided'l with pintles 5 and Iits upf .per and; lower endsengegin the Sockets so Ieeina fwrzentalplane The iniirwall. 6; of? the window frame, as .illustrated 1n arer "iovfld'" with the Qhnllel irons g des'gnatin the outer .channel Sfshes. Th'eouterfpperasash is. desigrat.ed

9 andl theA outer' lower sash de The inner upper sash is designate 11 and the inner loweies'ash is desi ated 12. I Each closed and supported' by a sash frame,

y comprises fr pieces designated' 1654 f ofthepanes .of gass. femme. th SeSls is eachotherA as at 14 at the corners of the frame. The sash frame is so formedthat when one of the pins 14 is removed, the

frame may beopened out for the reception ofthe glass pane and then closed and pinned together in a mannerf which will be obvious to all those skilled in the art. My reason for forming the sash yframes in this particular manner is that thereby I make the sashes very light and the sash frame itself can be made relatively thin so as to secure as much (dead. air space between the windows asis necessary. Asy illustrated in Fig. 6 there is' a space of a half inch ontwo inches between the outer pair of sashes and the inner pair of sashes, this space being designated 15 and constituting normally a dead 'air space. The upper rail 16 of the 'outer frame .4 constitutes a diusion box and the lower rail 17 of the window frame also constitutes a difusion box, these boxes being hollow andI having openings leading to the outside air and being alsoprovided jwith dampers, as will -now be explained. Each of these boxes 16 and 17 has an opening Q18 upon its outer face through which air may enter,'and pivotally supported within l 'feit or rub the bar or hollow member 16 is a damper plate 19, illustrated most clearly in Figs. 3 and 4.` This damper plate is pivoted at 20 solas to swing toward and from the opening 18 and preferably the damper plate .3254

swings between inwardly projecting flanges 21 formed on or carried upon the outside wall of the members 16 and 17. The edge of the damlper'plate may be" provided with ,air-tight engagement with the iianges of the wings 21. A transversely extending strip 'of felt or rubber designated 23 is like? dotted lines in Fig. 3. As. illustrated, the- 'damper plate is curved-transversely of its length, but the particular form of this damper plate is not essential to'imy invention. Each of thev boxes 16 'and 17 1s alsoformed l with an opening-24which opens from the hollow bar or boxinto' the space 15 between terial, so as to .preventthementrance of dustY .the outer and inner ends ofthe .window sashes.- This 'opening' 24 is preferably crossed by a screen 25 of` gauze or like mainto the space between the"window sashes. VVhileI may provide any suitable means for Operating the damper plates 19, I have illustrated 1n -F1g. 3 a lever' 26 pivoted` at 2 7 and y f .having one -arm projecting out through an opening 28 formedin the front wall of the yn iembersl 'and`17. The inner arm or end off the lever bears .against thecurved under er backing 22 which will havel face of the damper plateand is-linked therey `of the lever is depressed the damper plate will be raised and shifted to the dotted line position lin Fig. 3. .I may provide any suitable means for holding the lever 26 in position to close the'dampe'r but for the pur` pose, however, I have illustratedv the slot 28` as being formed `with an offset 29 at itsv lower end andvproviding a shoulder. The lever is loosely pivoted upon its lpivot pin so that after it has been turned down it may be shifted slightlyto one` side and thus locked. The operation of this portion of my invention willl be'perfectly obvious from what mhas gone before. IfPit is desired that the space 15 shall 'be nlled with dead air then ofcourse, the damper plates 19 are to i be closedso as to prevent the 'entrance of lair into the opening 13. Ifit is desired that other of the diffusion boxes and` passing intothe space 15jwill be either allowed to e'nter directly into the apartment by raising the sash adjacent to the diffusion box or maybe allowepd to enter indirectly by shifting the sash farthest awayy from the diffusion box. If a greater ventilationis defsired,"then both of the dampers in thetwo diffusion boxes will be opened and air allowed to' enter through 'both of the openings 18 and the lower sash maybe raised and the upper sasha lowered so as to secure jan entrance of fresh' air both at the top and ,bottom y of -the window.

greater amount of air is necessary, then both ofthe lower sashes may be entirely opened and if a still greater amountl is necessaryl then the entire window maybe vopened and Of course, ifa Y 11o -swung upon its -pivot after the mannerv of a `casementwindow.

It will be seen that my constructionis'vv particularly applicable to vehicles such as Pullman .palace cars, where in winter there `In this ligure, 3() designates the side wall of a car and 31 a portion of the roof. l The Side of the car, as illustrated, is formed with spring of the 4roofthere is anI inlet hood des-r ignated 35, whereby air-may enter into the' space betweenthe outer and inner walls..

The windowframe 36 is provided with the .115 is ordinarily provided an outer fixedlsash i and an inner. sliding sash. In' these cars it iieultto secure proper-venti v V12v5 :outer and inner Vwalls 32and 33. At the..

mon arrangement in Pullman cars.

lintel 37 and vthe sill 38. This lintel'37 is formed with an inlet opening 39 protected by a screen 40. The` outer sash 41 is illustrated as ixed in positionso that it cannot be shifted. This is an ordinary and pomt is obvious, however, that this sash might be made sliding without affecting'the merits of the invention. The inner sash 4:2 is preferably composed of twov sashes sliding with relation to eachA other so as to controlthe entrance of air into the car' from the space between the sashes.- lf now both the upper and lower inner sashes be closed it is obvious that no air can enter. lf now, on the other hand one of these sashes be opened it will be nbvioiis that air passing down through Ithe aperture 4Q will enter in the car bythe manner shown in Fig. 7. ln order .to prevent the passage of air into the space between the outer sash and the inner vand an inner wall .60delects the air entering through this opening into the ventilation box 58. The inner wallof the ventilationbox is formed by a screen 61. Tt will be seen that the lower sash 51 of thel inner pair of sashes when closed rests upon the sill 56but that when the lower sash 51 is raised suiiioiently, the upper sash will lower so as to rest upon the upper Wall of the ventilation box 58. lt will likewise be seen that in the lowered position of the vbox the sash 51 when resting upon the sill 56 will close the opening' across which the screen 61 is o disposed but that when the lower sash is raised air will be admitted from the ventilation box 58 into the room. The lintel of the sash frame is formed by a hollow casin (i2 having a' portion 63 at its up er en which overhangs the sill 56. The ront of the casing 62 is formed below the overhanging portion 63 with the opening GAL-screened by a wire gauzeN 65. The uter face of the casing has an opening 66 or the admission of fresh air and fresh air isl directed up-l ward into the upper portion of the casing which forms a ventilator box by means ofv the deflector plate 67. *It will 4be noted that when the inner sashes-are in their closed position the upper sash 50 will engage with the under wall of the overhanging portion 68 and will close the opening 64:,but that when 'this upper sash is lowered this openupon the sashes.

mengsel Y ing will be unclosed and fresh air v willbe admitted into the room. It will be seen then that byraising the lower sash the upper sash will be lowered, and thus air will A be admitted through the screenedopenin 61 and the hot air will pass out through the upper opening 64 or fresh air may enter through this upper opening, just as circumstances dictate. The rear sashes operate between the upper wall of the ventilation box 58 and the lower'wall of the box or casing 62 and preferably, one sash counterbalances the other. Ordinarily, during the winter months, the outer pair of sashes are not opened and the inner pair of sashes only opened to an extent which will inclose the openings 61 and 64. Thus the dead air space 68 between the inner and outer sashes is at all times preserved, thus preventing the `warmth of the room from being dissipated and also preventing the moisture gathering It is a very important matter that the dead air space should be preserved through the cold months of the year,' particularly in the cold climates, as by this method frost is kept od the windows.

i. After the weather grows warmer,however,

all the windows maybe fully `opened and vthe dead air space eliminated.

ln order to prevent cold air from entering the roo-m, at right anglesto the plane of the windows ll preferably provide a dei-lector L plate designated 69 and illustrated in Fig. 2. This dedector plate is disposed in a slot 70 formed in the sill 56 and at its upper end is ianged as at 71 so that it cannot drop down 'tooA far through this slot 70. 4lit is also provided with a ring or other form of handle whereby it may be pulled up. The lower extremity of the .plate 69 is deflected as at 73 so that when the plate is pulled' up to its full extent it may be tipped and will hold in place without the necessity of using any fastening device for the purpose.

Parting strips 74., are of course, disposed between thefront and rear pairs of sashes, thus holding these front and rear parts of sashes-separate'd. Preferably the window -frame is reinforced by outer reinforcing members designated 75 forming'channels 76 within which a shade may be disposedwhile the outer portion of the window casing 1s reinforced by the reinforcing members 77 (see Fig. '3)' providing a channelwithin which a screen of wire gauze may slide.

' This form of window isparticularly applicable for use in Pullman cars which .in

winter require a dead air space between the outer and inner sashes' and in which there is a great deiiioiency in proper ventilation. It is, however, obvious that the invention is not necessarily limited to its. use in Pullmap" oars but may be applied to the windows of houses and other buildings, with equallygood results.l

iatA

It will, of course, be understood that the window is showny deeper inproportion than it actually will be, in order vto show the parts distinctly. l

While this form of the invention 4has been shown asY applied to windows I'wish it dis- 'tinctly understood that it might also be apwith the outside air and with the space be tween said sashes,;and -a'damper arranged within the hollow-.member and controlling the passage of air-therethrough.

2. In a window of the 'character,described, outer andI inner sashes, a framev in which said sashes move, one member of the frame being hollow .and having commumcation vwith theoutside air -and with the spacebetween said sashes, a damper pivotallymountv 'ed within the hollovs7 member and controlling thepassage of air thereinto, and damper actuated Vmeans eXtendingout `ofthe front 'of said hollow member.

3. Ina window of the character described,`

an outer sash and vupper and lower inner sashes, a frame 1n which said sashes move, said frame including hollowv elements opening into the space betweenv the sashes and' communicating with the outside air, and dampers controlling the entrance of air into said hollow elements. '4. -In a window `of the character described,

f outer and inner sashes spaced from each other, and an outer sash frame including a described the invention what hollow element having a lateral opening, and an opening communicating with the space between the outer and inner sash frames, and a ldamper pivotallyY mounted within the hollow element and movable into position to cover or uncover said lateral opening, and a lever pivoted to the exterior of the hollow member and having linked engagement with the said damper.

5. In a window of the character described, t

outer and inner sashes, thei'nner sashes com'- prising an upperand a lower sash, shiftablewith relation to each other, a frame inclosing'said sashes and within which the-sashes' move, said frame having a hollow liiitel` and a hollow sill, each communicating withl the outer air, there being a screened opening vleading-into the space between the sashes,

and dampers arranged one in .each of-sai'd elements and lcontrolling the passage of air' l through said hollow members into the space )60.

between theouter and inner sashes.

. '6.' In a construction of the character dei scribed, aA member.` hinged at one side'iforv movement in a horizontal plane, outer and inner sashes disposed in said member,` the inner sashes being shiftable, the said mem? ber being hollow and having an opening for .the entrance of fresh air and an opening leading to the space between the sashes, f v

and means within the hollow lmemberl for vcontrolling the passage of air into said space. Y

In testimony whereof Iaiiix my signature in presence oftwo witnesses.' 'y y v v,

' GEORGE A. FAIR. [L s.] Witnesses: FREnERIo B.v WRIGHT,

JOSEPH C. 'ZnugLn

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