US1130963A - Orchard-furrower. - Google Patents

Description

L. W. GUSHMAN.

ORCHARD FURROWER.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 6, 1914.

2 SHEETSSHEET 1 llll . N v i. A

Patented Mar. 9, 1915.

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THE NORRIS PETERS CO.. PHOTC-LITHD" WASHINGTON, D C

L. W. GUSHMAN.

ORCHARD FURROWER. APPLIGATION FILED JAN. 6, 19174v 1,1 30,963. Patented Mar. 9, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

NORRIS PETERS CO PHOTO-LITHO. WASHINGTON, D C.

. shown at 1, the

FFICE.

LYSANDER W. CUSHMAN, OF ONTARIO, CALIFORNIA.

ORCHARD-FURROWER.

Specification of Letters I E'atent.

Patented Mar. 9, 1915.

Application filed January 6, 1914. Serial No. 810,667.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, LYSANDER W. Guss- MAN, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Ontario, in the county of San Bernardino and State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Orchard-Furrowers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to machines for furrowing the soil, and more particularly to machines for furrowing orange orchards preparatory to irrigating them; and consists in the improvements hereinafter described and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings which illustrate one embodiment of the invention,-Figure 1 is a perspective view of an orchard furrower containing my invention; Fig. 2 is a perspective view in detail of one of the scraper members hereinafter described in reversed position; and Figs. 3 and a are diagrammatic views illustrating certain arrangements of furrows which it is possible to make with my invention.

The furrower, as herein shown, comprises a two-wheeled carriage adapted to be drawn by two horses. The axle of the carriage is wheels at 2, and the tongue or pole at 3. The pole 3 is secured to the middle of the axle, and a frame member at is fastened to the pole in front of the axle and constitutes one of the fixed parts of the carriage frame, on which the working parts are mounted. A platform or floor on which the driver stands, should be supported on the axle 1 and the rear end of pole 3, but as this platform constitutes no part of the invention, it is omitted from the drawings in order more clearly to disclose the other parts. Rigidly mounted on the axle is a guard rail 5 against which the driver may lean or on which he may sit. From his position in front of rail 5 the driver can manipulate the levers and pedals by which the furrowing devices are controlled.

The furrowing devices consist of two identical side furrowing shovels A and C, and the scraper shovel B, which is of sub stantially the length of the distance between the shovels A and C. The shovel C is carried by a downwardly extending arm 6, on a rectangular frame 7, which is pivoted at its forward end to frame member 4:, at 8 and 9. The shovel A is carried by a similar pivoted frame 10 at the other side of the machine at 8 and 9. Each side shovel frame,

A of the carriage,

7 and 10, has secured to it an operating frame, consisting of members 11, 12 and 13. Coil springs S, 5, connecting the lower ends of members 12 with the front frame member normally hold the said pivoted frames 7 and 10 down against the axle, and the shovels. A and 0 down in operative position in the ground. At the ront ends of the members 13 of the operating frames are hand levers A and G for operating the shovels A and C,respectively. These hand levers may be provided with the usual paw cooperating with a notched segment, to hold the levers in their several positions of adjustment.

The middle scraper shovel B is carried by a frame, consisting of two frame members 14 and 15, each pivoted to the carriage frame 4, between the pivoted frames which carry the shovels A and C. Said frame members it and 15 are provided with downwardly extending arms 16 and 17, to which the scraper shovel B is fastened by means of bolts 6 passing through corresponding holes 5 in the scrapen, Leaf springs S, S, se cured to the carriage frame a, normally hold the frame members l t and 15 in elevated position, as shown, thereby holding the scraper shovel B clear of the ground, in inoperative position. Each frame 14 and 15, is connected by a link 18, with an operating bar 19, and each operating bar 19 is pivoted at 20 to a bracket on the under side of the axle 1, and thence extends forward, and is made with an upwardly extending pedal arm 21 at its front end. The pedalarms 21, 21, are connected by a pedal bar B which is detachably mounted by ordinary bolts on the arms 21, 21.

The scraper shovel B is made in two sec tions, the line of division being shown at 22. "When in the position shown in Fig. l the two shovel sections present a continuous, straight operating edge from end to end. Said shovel sections are each made with a relatively short scraping edge B and said sections are removably attached to their respective supporting arms 16 and 17, by means of bolts Z) passing through holes 6 By detaching said shovel sections, and reversing them end for end and top for bottom, with the shorter scraping edges downward, as shown in Fig. 2, the shorter scraping edges B will stand at the right and left of the machine, and external laterally outward from the furrowing shovels A and C respectively. When the scraper shovel sec ions are juxtaposed in the position shown in Fig. 1, with the pedal bar 15 secured :in position, the frame members 1% and 15 and the scraper shovel B may be operated as a single part by pedal B. Then the scraper shovel sections are reversed as shown in Fig. 2, and the pedal bar 13 removed, the two frame members 1% and 15, and the two scraper shovel sections may be operated independently by the two pedal arms '21 and 21. 1t will thus be seen that the furrowing shovels A and U and the scraper shovel B, are carried respectively by independent frames, each having its individual operating device, and that the scraper shovel l) together with its frame and operating device, may be divided into two independently operated parts. It will be seen further that the furrowing shovels A and O are normally held down in the earth in operative position by means of sprin s, and may be lifted to inoperative position by hand levers A and C, while the scraper shovel B is normally held clear of the earth in inoperative position by means of springs and may be forced downward into operative position by the pedal B,or pedal arms 21 and 21 when the scraper shovel sections are separated and reversed as described.

The operation of the machine may best be explained in connection with Figs. 3 and l. In furrowing out an orchard, cross furrows are first made at right angles to the flow of the water, between the rows of trees. Such cross furrows are shown in Fig. 3. The machine is driven in the direction of the horizontal arrows, and the cross furrows a and c are made by the furrowing shovels A and C respectively. At the prop-er points between trees the scraper shovel B is momentarily depressed by the operator, by means of pedal B, and the connecting furrows b are formed. W hen the required number of cross furrows and their connecting furrows have been made in the manner shown in Fig. 8, the main furrows from the upper to the lower side of the orchard are made, as shown at a and 0 on Fig. d. For this purpose the pedal bar 13 is removed, and the scraper shovel l3 separated into its two parts. which are reversed in the manner already explained and secured to the supporting arms 16 and 17 in the position illustrated in Fig. 2. The machine is driven in the direction of the ertical arrows and the shovels A and C make the furrows a and 0. hen the shovel A. reaches the cross furrows a already made, it is lifted out of the ground by hand lever A at the point w, at a to continue the furrow a. Simultaneously with the raising of shovel A, the operator momentarily depresses the left hand scraper shovel B by depressing the left hand pedal arm. 21, and said scraper and depressed again shovel B enters the cross furrow a and. clears it of the small earth ridge or dam made by shovel A at the point where it entered the furrow a at w. During this opera tion the shovel 0 remains in the ground forming the furrow c, passing by the adjacent connecting furrow b. The ridge of earth turned up bythe shovel C effectually separates the furrow .0 from the furrows a, b, c. When the shovel (3 reaches :cross furrow 0 at the pointy, it is lifted out of the earth by lever C, and again depressed at 3 to continue the furrow 0, while the shovel A remains in the earth, as already explained in connection with shovel G during the operation of shovel A at the points 05 and a1. Simultaneously with the raising of shovel C at the-point y, the right hand scraper shovel B is depressed to clear'the furrow 0 at the right of the point 1 Inth is manner the whole'orchard may be prepared for irrigation by furrows arranged as shown in solid lines in Fig. 4, through which water will flow from the upper to the lower. side of the orchard.

it will be understood that the machine will make furrows in other positions and relative arrangements than those shown in the drawings, but the furrowing method above described will sufficiently indicate the mode of operation of the machine and itscapacity for speedily and accurately making furrows of desired form.

With my machine, as the furrowing and scraping shovels are carried by'separate and independent frames, each is capable of independent action without interfering with any other part of the machine. Any furrow may be begun or discontinued at any place by lowering or rai sing the shovelwithout stopping the machine or interfering with any other furrowing. tool, thereby making." it possible to break or interrupt any furrow without first making a continuous furrow and then damming or filling it up at the place where it is to be interrupted. The ma hine operates equally well whether the cross furrows and main furrows intersect at right angles or obliquely. Ridges of earth the intersection of cross and main furrows may be cleared out the instant they are formed, and the furrowing is completed and left in. perfect and finished condition without driving more than once over the same course.

I claim:

1. In a furrower, a carriage, two side furrowing shovels, and a scraper shovel located in a line substantially between said furrowing shovels the length of the scraper shovel being substantially equal to the distance .between the 'furrowing shovels, said several shovels being movable up and down indeoperate said shovels individually.

2. In a furrower, a carriage, two side furrowing shovels and a scraper shovel, said several shovels being movable up and down independently of one another, means normally and yieldingly to hold said furrowing shovels downward in operative position, means normally and yieldingly to hold said scraper shovel upward in inoperative position, and means to operate said shovels individually.

3. In a furrower, a carriage, two side furrowing shovels and a scraper shovel, said several shovels being movable up and down independently of one another, independent hand levers to operate said furrowing shovels, and a foot pedal to operate said scraper shovel.

4. In a furrower, a carriage, two side furrowing shovels, and two scraper shovels eX- tending outward to the right and left from the furrowing shovels respectively, separate frames on which said several shovels are supported, said frames being independently and movably mounted on the carriage, and means to move said frames individually to raise and lower said shovels independently of one another.

5. In a furrower, a carriage, two side furrowing shovels carried on separate independently movable frames mounted on the carriage, a scraper shovel made in two sections, and means to operate said two sections of the scraper shovel together as one part, or independently, at the will of the operator.

6. In a furrower, a carriage, two side furrowing shovels carried on separate independently movable frames mounted 011 the carriage, a scraper shovel made in two sections removably secured respectively to two movable frame members mounted on the car riage, each scraper section having a relatively long scraping edge on one side and a relatively short scraping edge on the other side, said two scraper sections when juxtaposed end to end with their longer scraping edges downward forming together a continuous scraper shovel, and when reversed with their shorter scraping edges downward forming two separate scraper shovels.

7. In a furrower, a carriage, two side furrowing shovels carried on separate independently movable frames mounted on the carriage, a scraper shovel made in two sections removably secured respectively to two movable frame members mounted on the carriage, each scraper section having a relatively long scraping edge on one side and a relatively short scraping edge on the other side, said two scraper sections when juxtaposed end to end with their longer scraping edges downward forming together a continuous scraper shovel, and when reversed with their shorter scraping edge downward forming two separate scraper shovels, and means to operate said two scraper sections together as one part, or independently, at the will of the operator.

8. In a furrower, a carriage, two side furrowing shovels carried on separate independently movable frames mounted on the carriage, a scraper shovel made in two sections removably secured respectively to two movable frame members mounted on the carriage, each scraper section having a relatively long scraping edge on one side and a relatively short scraping edge on the other side, said two scraper sections when juxtaposed encl to end with their longer scraping edges downward forming together a continuous scraper shovel, and when reversed with their shorter scraping edges downward forming two separate scraper shovels, a removable pedal common to the two frame members which carry the two scraper sections for operating said two frame members and scraper shovels together as one part, and means when the pedal is removed to operate said two frame members and their respective scraper sections independently.

9. In a furrower, a carriage, two side furrowing shovels carried on separate independently movable frames mounted on the carriage, a scraper shovel made in two sections removably secured respectively to two movable frame members mounted on the carriage, each scraper section having a relatively long scraping edge on one side and a relatively short scraping edge on the other side, said two scraper sections when juxtaposed end to end with their long scraping edges downward forming together a continuous scraper shovel, and when reversed with their shorter scraping edge downward forming two separate scraper shovels extending laterally from the outer sides of the furrowing shovels, and means to operate said two scraper sections together as one part, or independently, at the will of the operator.

Signed by me at Ontario, California, this nineteenth day of December, 1913.

LYSANDER W'. CUSHMAN.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM M. HART, RICHARD H. LEEWIN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

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