US1121473A - Aeroplane. - Google Patents

Description

'0. GALUM.

AEROPLANE.

'nruouzox FILED NOV. 12. 1913.

Patented Dec. 15, 1914.

3 SHEETS--SHEET 1.

INVENTOR 05a C'alujm Y ATTORNEYS ,0. GALUM. AERQPLANE, APPLIUATION FILED NOV.12,1913.

7 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

INVENTOR CaZa7n/ ATTORNEYS Patented Dec. 15,1914.

0. GALUM.

AEROPLANE.

APPLICATION PIIQBD NOV. 12, 1913- 1,1 21,473. Patented Dec. 15, 1914.

INVENTOR 0Z9 CaZuIW/ fir? W I M v ATTORNEYS 'WITNES 8 memes.

DLE CALUIEI, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASfiiIGNOB 0F ONE-HALF TO PAUL HUMBERT, TEL, OF NEW YURK, N. Y.

AEROPLANE.

To all who-m z'zfmag concern:

Be it known that I, OLE (Jenner, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of New York, borough of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Aeroplane, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The object of the invention is to provide a new and improved aeroplane arranged to provide a large sustaining area in a coinparatively sniall space, to insure easy rising and descending of the aeroplane, to maintain the equilibrium even in heavy sidewise or contrary currents of air, and to allow safe descending in case of accident to the motor or other parts.

In order to accomplish the desired result use is made of a framework for supporting the aviator, other persons, the motor and propellers, a main sustaining planemounted on the framework and of an approximately oval shape and with the major axis thereof extending transversely, and side planes arranged below the said main sustaining plane and mounted on oppositesides of the framework, the inner edges of the .side planes being straight and inclose proximity to the sides of the framework, and the outer edges being ovoid, the front and rear ends of the side planes projecting beyond the front and rear edges of the main sustaining plane. Use is also made of a parachute normally seated on top of the main sustaining plane, and springs for moving the said parachute upward into position a distance above the said main sustaining plane on the aviator releasing the normally locked parachute.

A practical embodiment of the invention is represented in the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, in

which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure l is a plan view of the aeroplane; Fi g. 2 is a front end elevation of'the same; and Fig. 3 is a sectional-side elevation of the same.

The framework A of the aeroplane includes in the lower portion a suitably constructed carriage B provided with wheels O to allow of running the aeroplane on the ground preparatory to rising in the air or when descending and reaching the ground.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 15, 191%..

Application filed November 12, 1913. Serial No. 800,567.

The carriage B is provided with suitable seats D for the aviator and passengers, and the carriage also supports two motors E, E for independently driving a front propeller l3 and a rear propeller F.

On top of the framework A above the carriage B is arranged a main sustaining plane G, of approximately oval shape with the major axis extending in a transverse direction and the minor axis extending lon gitudinally in the central. longitudinal plane of the aeroplane. The main sustaining plane G is arched in a transverse fdirection to concentrate air resistance toward the central part of the plane.

(in opposite sides of the carriage B are arranged side planes H and H having their inner edges straight and in close proximity to the sides of the carriage B while the outer edges of the said side planes are ovoid. The front and rear ends of the side planes H and H project beyond the front and rear edgesof the main sustaining plane. G, but the sides of the main sustaining plane G project beyond the side edges of the side planes H and H, as plainly indicated in the drawings. The side planes H and H are inclined rearwardly and downwardly, as plainly indicated in Fig. 3, so as front and rear elevating planes I and I having transverse axes I I journaled at the sides in suitable bearings arranged on. front and rear extensions A and A of the main frame A. The elevating planes 1 and I are provided with upwardly-extending rods 1 l connected by sets of cables or other flexible connections J and J with levers K fulcrumed on the main frame A on opposite sides of the'aviators seat D to on able the aviator to manipulate either lever K with a view to tilt the elevating planes I and l in unison to cause the aeroplane to rise or to descend according'to the direction in which the lever is moved at. the time. The

'or to the left, use is made of bio I upper and logwer ends of the rods I; I are connection P from the pin or cleat P". It is braced by suitable braces I connected with understood that normally the'springs Q and the front and. rear edges of 'the elevating Rare under tension and when the parachute lanes- I and' I, as P is released as described then the springs 1 3. I Q and R force the parachute P upward into norder to steer the aeroplane to the right the extended position shown in dotted lines v 'vertically- 1n Fig. 3,, the upward movement of the para dISPOSBd StBGIIDg rudders L, of'whioh chute being limited by the flexible ,staysor the steering rudder .L is locatedintermedistops S.- By this arrangement the aeroplane ate the elevating plane 'I 'and the propeller is provided with an additional sustaining F and the 'rudderL is located intermediate plane to ease the descent of the aeroplane in plainly indicated in the elevating, plane I and the propeller F.. case of accident to its machinery or other The rudders L and L? have their upper and vital part. It isunderstood that the conwfl i n journaled. at'L and-L? in. suitable trolling mechanism for the motor E is withbearings arrangedon the extensions A" and I in convenient reach of the aviator seated on A of the main frame A. '-TBhe rudders L andL are provided. With. transversely-extending rods 'L, L connected by cables or other flexibleconnections N, N with a lever O fulcrumed at O on. the carriage B and extending within convenient reach? oi the aviator seated, on the seat I). Thus b the aviator imparting a forward, or a has rd swinging motion to the lever (I) the-,rudd s L and L? are turned in unison to steer -e aeroplane to the right onto 'thelle'ft according to the direction. in whichthe lever O is} I moved-at the time; Each of the, rudders and L hasa square lower portion while the upper portion is semi-circular.

In .case of an accident to the motor orother vital part of; the aeroplane use is made of a parachute P to. permit the aviator tov safely land without the aid of, the motor and propellers. The parachute P is held can trally on the top of the main sustaining t'ened to apin or cleat P arranged on plane G and is in the form of a segment of.

a hollow sphere, as plainly indicated in Fig.

3, and the said parachute is rovided Witha, stick P extending downwardly and passing through an opening inthe main sustaining plane G. The lower end of the stick I? supportsarope or a cable P adapted to be faket e framework A adjacent the aviatprs seat D. By this arrangement the parachute P is held normally ininactive position on top of the main sustaining plane Gr In order to move the parachute P into active position, that is, a distance above the main sustaining plane G, useis made of springs Q, and R,

I of which the spring R is'coiled on the stick P and rests with its upper end on the un- I f der side of the parachute P. The lower end of the spring R bears on a runner R mounted to slide on the stick P. The spring Q is in the form of a flat spring doubled up and having one end fastened to the sustaining ar the center thereof and the other end of the said spring Q, is fastened to a runner R. Flexible limiting stops S, such as chains, cables or ropes connect the parachute P with the main sustaining plane to hold the parachute P in extended positlon after the operator has released the flexible the seat D. I

The planes G, H, I, I, the rudders Ii, L" and the parachute P are suitably strengthened by a proper light skeleton frame work over which silk or other suitable textile material is stretched to form the desired I plane. The outer portions of the main sus- H and H of the form indicated the equilibriu m of the aeroplane is maintained at all times, especially when the aeroplane encounters heavy sidewise or contrary currents of. air.

It is understoodthat by making the main sustaining plane of ovate form and with the sides curved downward the air resistshoe is concentrated toward thecentral part of the said main sustaining plane, thus insuring stability of the aeroplane. By. the use of the side planes H, II the carrying capacity of the aeroplane is correspondinglyv increased and a directive or linear impetus andsteadiness is given to the aero-' plane to relieve the aviator of undue nervous strain. I I

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters. Patent:

1. An aeroplane,comprising a framework, a main sustaining plane mounted on the said framework and of an approximately oval shape and with the major axis extending in a transverse direction, and side planes arranged on opposite sides of the framework and disposedbelow the sides of the sald main sustaining plane, the inner edges of the said side planesbeing straightand in close proximity to the sides of the framework, and the outer edges of the said side planes being of ovoidal shape, the front and nic e-re rear ends oi the side wings projecting be yond the front and rear edges of the said main sustaining plane and the sides of the said inain sustaining plane projecting be yond the sides of the said side planes.

"2. An aeroplane, comprising airamework, a main sustaining plane mounted on the said framework and of an approximately oval shape and with the major axis extending in a transverse direction, and side lanes arrangedon opposite sides of the ramework and disposed below the sides of the said main sustaining plane, tl e inner edges of the saidv side planes being straight and in close proximity to the sides of the frame work, and the outer edges of the side planes being of ovoidal shape, the front and rear ends of the side wings projecting beyond the front and rear edges of the said main sustaining plane and the sides of the said main sustaining plane projecting beyond the sides of the said side planes, the said main sustaining plane being arched in a transverse direction and the said side planes bemg inclined upwardly and forwardly.

3. An aeroplane, comprising a framework, a main sustaining plane mounted on the said framework and of an approximately oval shape and with the major axis extending in a transverse direction, side planes arranged on opposite sides of the irainework and disposed below the sides of the said main sustaining plane, the inner edges of the said side planes being straight and in close proximity to the sides of the framework, and the outer edges of the said side planes being of ovoidal shape, the front and rear ends of the side wings projecting beyond the front and rear edges of the said main sustaining plane, and the sides of the'main sustaining plane projecting beyond the sides of the said side planes, and propelled wheels mounted on the said framework in frontand rear of the said main sustaining plane and below the same'and above the said side planes.

4 An aeroplane provided with a frame- :work, a main sustaining plane mounted on the said framework, the said inain sustaining plane being of an approximately oval shape and. with the major'aris extending transversely and the minor axis extending longitudinally and in a vertical plane pass ing through the longitudinal axis of the aeroplane, and side planes arranged on opposite sides of the frame work anddisposed below the sides of the said main sustaining plane, the front and rear ends of the side planes projecting beyond the front and rear edges of the said main sustaining plane, and the sides of the said main "sustaining plane projecting beyond the sides of the said side planes.

5. An aeroplane provided with a framework, a main sustaining p ane mounted on the said framework, the said main sustaining plane being ofan approximately oval shape and with the major axis extending transversely and the minor axis extending longitudinally and in a vertical plane passing through the longitudinal axis of the aeroplane, the said main sustaining plane being arched in a transverse direction, and side planes arranged on opposite sides of the framework and disposed below the sides of the said main sustaining plane, the front and rear ends of the side planes projecting achute above the said main sustaining plane,-

the said parachute having a stick extending downwardly and adapted to pass through an opening in the main sustaining plane, a

spring coiled on the stick and resting with its upper end on the under side of the parachute, a runner mounted to slide on the stick and against which the lower end of said spring hears, a V-shaped spring having one end fastened to the main sustaining plane, and the other end to said runner, retaining means under the control of the aviator and connected with the said stick to hold the parachute normally in. inactive position on top of the main sustaining plane and to hold the said springs under tension, the said retaining means when released allowing the springs to lifit the parachute a distance above the niain sustaining plane, and flexihle stays connecting the parachute with the main sustaining plane to hold the parachute in extended position.

7. An aeroplane provided with a framework, a main sustaining plane mounted on the said framework, an open parachute provided with a stick adapted to pass through an opening in the main sustaining plane, a ii-shaped spring interposed between the said 'rh ain sustaining plane and the said para chute, a coil spring on the said stick and in terposed between the said parachute and the main sustaining plane, and flexible means connected with said stick and adapted to be fastened to the irainework to normally hold the said springs under tension and the parachute resting'on top of the main sustaining plane.

8. An aeroplane provided with a framework, a sustaining plane mounted on the said framework, an open parachute provided with a stick adapted to pass through an opening-in tlie main sustaining plane, a ll-shaped spring interposed between the said main sustaining plane and the said parachute, a coil spring on the said stick and tainin'g' plane to hold the 'paraohntejin open interposed betweenithe said arachnte and the-main sustaining lane, exible means vintermediate the elevating planes the connected with the'sal dystick and adepted -to be fastened to the framework to normally, r a hold the said. springs under tension andtlie' parachute rest ng on'tojiof thennain su's-' taining plane, and flex'b e stays connecting the sand parachute with the said main susposition. 4

9., An aeroplanelcoxnprising aframework, a mai'nsns'taining -'lanemounted on the said framework, si e planes arranged on opposite sides of the iframe work and dis taining 'frame, ,the. front andrear, ends of sposed'belowzthesides-ofthe-said main sus the side planes projecting beyond the front andrear edges of the saldmain sustaining plane, and thesidesof thefs'aid main sustaining plane mounted'on thevfr'ame'work at the front and rear ofthemain sustaining plane and below the same and above the said side planes,

the framework, and steering rudders located.

M n 0mm patent y b m m said'side planes.- grojecting, beyond the sidesof the'sa'id si e planes, propeller wheels.

elevatingplanes at the front and rear of propeller wheels- 10. A11 aeroplane, work including a carriage, a transversely below the sides of the main sustaining plane,

ebmprising a frame the side planes projecting beyonditlie iront 1 andrear edges" of-thelsald maii-siistaining plane, and the sides of thein ain sustainingljj plane projecting beyond" side's In testimony of two subscribing witnesses, v a OLECALU'M. Witnesses:

Time. G. Hos'rnR,

PHILIP D. RoLLHA'Us.

Washington, D. '0."

a. -lis i whereof I havesignedmy name to this specification in the presence five cents eac), by addressing the Gommissionerot .Paten'ta',

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