US1118178A - Gas-engine. - Google Patents

Description

D. H. BENNETT, DEGD.

J. L. BENNETT, ADMINISTRATOR.

GAS ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 25, 1914.

Patented Nov. 24, 1914.

'3 SHEETSSHEET l. I

Q Attest i g 1Hventor: dad Q 1 by M D. H. BENNETT, DEGD.

J. L. BENNETT, ADMINISTRATOR.

GAS ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 25, 1914.

1,1 18,178. Patented Nov. .24, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Attfis: Q inventor: K m M I by W Y Atty Y D. H. BENNETT, DEGD.

J. L. BENNETT, ADMINISTRATOR.

GAS ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 25, 1914' Patented N01724:, 1914.

a SHEETS-SHEET s.

UNITED STATES PATENT oEEio DWIGHT H.

BENNETT, DECEASED, LATE OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, BY JAMES L.

BENNETT, ADMINISTRATOR,- 0F BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

GAS-ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Nov, 24, 1914,

Application filed March 25, 1914. 6 Serial No. 827,222.

citizen of the United States of America, re-

siding in the borough of Brooklyn, county of Kings, and State of New York, administrator of the estate of DWIGHT H. BENNETT, deceased, who did in his life inventcertain new and useful Improvements in Gas-Engines, do declare that thefollowing is a specification.

Said invention relates to gas engines of the class called turbines, and it consists in the devices and combinations of devices hereinafter described and claimed.

Figure-1 is a side elevation of such en gine, embodying the invention. Fig.-2 is a vertical longitudinal sectional. view of the same. Fig.3 is a. detailed View of the clutch mechanism interposed between the fan carrying shaft of the compression mechanism and the gear wheel which is connected with the actuating power. Fig-e is a vertical cross-sectional View of line 4, 4, of Fig. 2. Fig.- 5 is a cross-sectional view of one of the vanes employed. Fig.-6 is' a vertical longitudinal sectional view of the air inlet and compression devices. Fig.7 is a detailed view of one of the perforated tubes of the carbureter. o

The outer casing'or cylin er of the engine is indicated at 1. Ithas ahead, 2. Concen:

trio with the outer casing is constructed an inner cylinder, 3, 4, onepart 3 extending from head, 2, for a considerable distance inward where it abutsagainst a rim of-a set of blades, and the other part, L, from the rim of the succeedin' set of blades to apoint in line with the %urther end of easing, 1, where the space between them is closed by an annular head,, 5. The space between 1 on the outside-and 3 aud t on the inside, is intended to constitute a water jacket for the engine. From the outer face of the an nular head 5, another cylinder 6, extends longitudinally outward and is closed by a having a central bore to accommohead 7 date the shaft 8, and its sleeve 9. This cylinder 6=is pierced ata number of places, here sixteen, and the walls of each such aperture are surrounded by flanges, 10, to

the outer edges of which is securedan annular cylinder, 11, the interior face of which i is aperturedto register with the flanged'apertur'esof cylinder 6.

In the heads 2 and 3 which are centrally bored for the purpose, the main shaft, 8, is

mounted, one end carrying a sleeve '9 and the other a sleeve 12, entirely independent of sleeve 9. Bosses or other devices to constitute suflicient bearings for the sleeve ing undue friction, and extends from a I point some inches without the line of head 7 to a point slightly within the line of head 5 of the main cylinder.' At the inner end, it carries a circular disk 13, rigidly secured to it and of a diameter to fit closely within the-cylinder at. Next in succession to disk 13, surrounding said sleeve 9, a wheel is placed composed of a hub 15, radial partition arms 16, an apertured disk 17 covering its outer face and a partial rim in the form of a flange 18 extending inward from the edge of disk 17 over the edges of arms 16, to a line just within that of the circle of apertures in cylinder 6. The inner outer corners of the arms 16 are secured rigidly to a ring 19, triangular in cross section (as shown in Fig. 2) which is in turn secured to the cylinder 4 and head 5 and projects outward toward head 7 and in line with rim 18't0 a line just beyond that of-the inner side-of the circle of aperturesin cylinder 6 and inward toward shaft 8, to a line within the line of the circumference of disk 13.

This ring 19 may be cast with and as part of arms 16 and bolted in place or as part of hub, 15,]the disk 17 and rim 18, firmly to the stationarycylinder and thus hold them stationary, and, in -conjunction with said hub, partitions and disk. to constitute a series of chambers to be more particularly described hereafter.

Beyond disk 17, alpartition l iextends from the wall of cylinder 6, inward to a close fitwith sleeve 9. It has a series of apertures22 con espondin in number, size and relative location with the apertures 2i 5 formed in disk 17'. Between disk 17 and flange 21, which extends inwardly, parallel with the shaft, between flange 18 and the outer face of ring 19 on the one side and cylinder 6 on the other, to a linebeyond the circle of apertures in cylinder 6, and substantially to head 5. Disk l lis provided with a number (here 16) of radially cut apertures, 22, evenly spaced, cut from near the center outward, for "a distance usually {but not necessarily) about one-sixth of the diameter of said disk, the width being about equal to the space between the arms or par-- titions 16. Disk 17 is also provided with radially cut apertures 24, of a length and width corresponding to the length and width of apertures 22. Disk 20 has four radial apertures, 25, evenly spaced and in length equaling apertures 22 and 24-, with which they register, but in Width equal to the space between alternate arms 16, that isto the space occupied by two apertures, minus the width of the walls, and its flange, 21 is provided with four apertures evenly emcee which will at appropriate times regist'er with the apertures in flange 18 and cylinder ll... g

- Disk 13 has tour-radial apertures, 23,

till

corresponding in width with the space be-- tween partitions '16, plus the thic'lniessot the partitions and in length extending from quite near-the sleeve 9 to a line'just within that ol ringlll hora short distance within dish 13, the cylinder' l ;is left vacant to form a reservoir of power, 99. Succeed" mg space 99, there is 1a circularjseriesfot vanes 26 secured toasleeveor 'hub 27 surrounding shaft 8 and provided with a-riin 30,"is quite heavy and is chamberedor' an:

listed t9 fit' a corresponding. chamber, or 'ralo'bet unx'the edge of cylinder{-'l,' thereby siibstaptially constituting an; "fif h conto trans t on of said cylinder. "@iiath'e side oppos te to that adjoining ,contact with a hand iil suppo'rtedby brace,

32, which may bola the torm are eager-- tube open atone end and at the other end and a series of fan blades 59 all pitched in 28,whi,ch as hereshownf constitiitesthe cyl atthehigher speed independently ofthe gear 61, but cannot reverse unless 66 were reversed.

nuaivs tending to cylinder 1 and pierced with many 65 apertures. Similar braces, 34 and 41, strengthennnd support in place respectively the inner ends of parts 3 and l of the inner cylinder. .r I

Sleeve 12 extends inward on shaft 8 to the line of the nearest edge of vanes 29 and mounted on said sleeve adjacent to said vanes 29, there is a third series of vanes 35, having a rim 36-chambered as described to fit on one side against the chambered surface of band 31 and thatof cylinder 3 on the other. The pitch of vanes 35 is, in general, similar to that of vanes 26.. Succeed' ing vanes 35, are fixed partitions, 37, extending radially from a hub 38, surrounding sleeves 12, to and secured to the shell 3. The space 39 between the outer line of partitions 37 and head 2, is an open chamber and from it, an exhaust pipe 40 extends to a convenient pointof discharge.

A flywheel 4 2 is nounted on shaft 8 and in a bracket 1:3 is mounted a shaft 44 carrying a gear wheel l5 and a pulley wheel 46. Gear 45 meshes with a gear 47 mounted on sleeve 12 and pulley 46 carries a belt 48 running to a shaft 8 and thereby any power developed by the movement of vanes 35 will be transmitted to shaft 8. i

Sparking plugs are located in each explosion chamber, but their operation need not be described, as they are fully set forth in a previous application, S. N. 349,773.

. 54 is the carburetor. llt consistsoil a long communicating with the equalizing chamber 10 53 lyinr within cylinder 6 between head 7 anddisz 14:. In standards 55 in said tube, a shaft 56 is mounted and on that shaft a balance wheel 57 whose spokes 58 are vanes,

the same direction. Radial partitions 60 oil rection parallel with the sh'atthti, are interposed in the series of fans to interrupt the too great rotary motion the air would otherwise acquire. Gear, 61 pn' shaft 56 meshes with gear 62 on shaftv 63', which in turnv care;

ries gear 64 meshing with gear 65 on shaft 66, which, through pulley 67 and belt 68 about 67 and Shaft Would communicatell \Sllghi Width but appreciable length, in a dipower to move the fans, but gear 61 is not 4 rigidly connected with shaft 56, but loosely thereon, and intermediate the two. gears there isa' clutch 69 secured to said gear 61. When gear 61 turns with a sutlicient's s ed,

and its burden, but if the speed of gear 61' should decrease, shaft 56 nevertheless, under I a v its acquired rnome'ntum and that-of its bail I cylinder 4,;the ram'dtliis also chambered and there makes ance wheels?! may for a moment continues n the clutch will seize shaft 56 and revo ve it I In the carbureter, in advance of the fans, are one or more atomizers. They consist of two heads, 70 joined by a rim and by a series of tubes 71. These tubes are pierced by numerous fine holes 72. Then a small tube .73 leads from the carbureter to the upper part of the tightly closed gasolene tank (not shown) and another tube 74, shorter than tube 73, leads from the lower part of said tank to the space between a shaft 81, extending from a foot secured to head 7 and braced by an arm 8'2 extending down from bracket 77, there is a second friction disk 83 placed and arranged to make contact with wheel 80. Shaft 82 also carries a,pulley wheel 84 about which a belt 85 extends to and about the extended part of sleeve 9 outside of head 7. The bracket 77 is bifurcated or forked and through its tines is passed a threaded screw 86 provided with a crank 87. The thread of screw 86 carries an arm 88, from the end of which a cord or line 89 extends down to the hub wheel 79, to which it is securely attached by means of a ring or collar thereon.

Shaft 8 is hollow for a considerable portion of its length and a tube 90 is connected to its open end by a suitable joint. From the space 93 within the hollow shaft, tubes or channels 91 extending through the thickest parts of vanes 29, lead to the open space between rim 30 and cylinder 1. Similar tubes or channels 92lead through the thickest parts of vanes 35 and open int the same at their inner ends: These channels 92 extend through sleeve 12 and register with a series of ports 94 cut from space 93 to the surface of the shaft; but to insure that the passage shall not be cut oil by the turning of the shaft 8 in sleeve 19, the face of the shaftis turned down for a distance on each side of ports 94-, and other ports 95 lead from space 93 to the face of the turned part of the shaft. A discharge tube 96 extends through head .3 into the space 97 between cylinder 1 and 3, and'another discharge tube 98 leads from the annular cylinder 11.

The operation of theengine is as follows: Motion must be communicated to shaft 56 to charge the chamber Gasolene having been forced by any suitable means from the tank to the carbureter proper, the ir forced .ated at the spark plugs and the charges in in by the movement of the vanes 59 will, in passing through tubes 71 become charged with the gasmaking material issuing from holes 72 and will pass on and into equalizing'chamber 53 as an explosive compound. Further motion of shaft56 and its vanes 59 will compress the mixture in chamber 53. Now the shaft 8 is also started and through the connections already mentioned its motion will be communicated to sleeve 9 and its rigidly attached disks 20 and 13, their motion being of course always synchronous. The motion of the disk 2-0 will speedily cause it to begin to-uncover apertures 22 and 24 and thereby provide free passage for the explosive mixture from chamber 53 into four evenly spaced chambers. Not only so, but as disk 20 moves on, it will uncover the four chambers, respectively succeeding those first uncovered and thus throughout its motion. When four chambers have thus been filled under pressure, the further movement of 4 disk 20 will close the entranceports and at the same instant the movement of disk 13 will begin to open ports 23 of said four chambers, the positions of disk 13 and disk 20 being so adjusted on sleeve 9 as to produce such effect. When apertures 23 are about one-third open (any other distance may be selected if desired) sparks are crethose four chambers [are fired. The gases produced by the explosions rush through ports 23 into chamber 99 and thence between the entire series of vanes 26, then .29 and then 35 and the pitch of each succeeding set of vanes being reversed, such passage will cause the vanes 29 to rotate in one direction, carrying the shaft 8 with them, and

the vanes llhfto rotate in the opposite direction, carrying sleeve 12 with them, such power as is developed by such rotation of sleeve 12 being added to the shaft power through gears 47 and 45, pulley 46 and belt 1L8.

When the exposion has taken place and the gas passed out-as described, (118k 13 again closes ports 23 and in due course the movement of disk QO bringS the apertures in its flangeQl to register with the said four diseharge chambers, and any remaining gas therein may -"-*escapc through the flanged ports in'cylinderf fi and into and through the annular chamber 11- and out of its exhaust 98, being hastened in'that movement by the freshincoming explosive mixture which will by that time be again entering those chambers under pressure. The respectively succeeding four chambers are likewise charged,

closed, opened j aivid' their charges exploded l and delivered into chamber 99 and thence to their work as described, and the cycle continues so long as material is furnished and movement permitted. The purpose of v chamber 99 is to efl'ect a more evenly con- 1 tinuous movement of the vanes and therefore the shaft than if the discharges were directly against the vanes. The gases fill chamber 99 and in it become a species of buffer. From thence they flow against each set of vanes, and not merely ones opposite the discharging chambers. Again the incoming gases add to the general pressure in chamber 99 which acts as a reservoir from which the power is continually proceeding with a less pulsatory character than would otherwise be the case. Meanwhile the shaft 8 has developed motion under the influence named and thenceforth will actuate all of its connected devices, including shaft 56. its movement, of course, causes the air forced through pipe 73 to create a pressure on the gasolene tank and when the pressure in. chamber and tube 54 is momentarily lessened by the opening of ports 22 and 24;,

- seize and turn shaft 56, when the speed of shaft 8 again acquires that of shaft 56. As they issue from between the blades 35., the gases will have acquired a rotary motion of considerable force, and mighttherefore create an objectionable noise if nothing intervened between said blades and exhaust. and therefore the radial plates 37ers intro duced at this placeto guide those gases in the exit and in overcoming the rotary motion named, obviate therobjectionthe noise mi ht otherwise present. t

0 cool the parts a stream of -waterv is introduced through tube 902'. It passes thence to and through spacev 93 and by centrifugal force will flow out through chamber 91 and ports 9t and 95 and channels92 into chamber 97 and thence to and out of discharge tube 96, thusfurnishiug. a very convenient means for effecting the desired end; and to enhance the cooling. efi'ect, supplemental channels-Jere sometimes me in the; thicir parts ofthe vanes leading from and-to chnels 91 and 9%;(as indicate d -in dotted lines inlFig. I v I "As wil be manifest, there are times when it is advisable tochangethe rate of exploelem-relative to the revolutions of the shaft and this may herein be readily accomplished by loosening the set screw holding -wheel inplace on shaft 118 andshifting that wheel d, upward to de intense I crease the speed of the sleeve 9 (which governs the rate of discharges relative to the revolutions'of shaft 8). If a momentary tit and rapid change of such relative speeds is "Ill herein as shown and. described. Many of them may be changed in various particulars and some may be omitted without departingfrom the spirit of my invention.

The claims are not limited to the number of vanes employed nor to the number of difference series of vanes nor to any other details, other than as set forth in the claims ornecessarily implied by the terms used.

What is claimed herein, is-' '1. The combination of a cylinder having a water jacket about it, a shaft with a channel therein, a pipe leading to said channel, a series of vanes supportedon said shaft, a series of channels extending through said vanesfrom the channel in the shaft to the water jacket, and a pipe leading from said jacket, all substantially as set forth 2. The combinationin an internal explosion engine of a cylinder having a water jacket about it, a shaft with a channel therein, a pipe leading to said chel, a series of vanes arranged about said shaft, a series of channels extending through said vanes from the channel in the shaft to the water jacket and a pipe leading from saidjacket,

iii, a pipe leadin to said channel, a series of. vanes arrange about said shaft, a sleeve interposed between said vanes and sa d shaft, a, water chamber about said shaft and withinsaidsleeve, ports leading from the channel in the shaft to said water chamber, a

series of channels extending through said vanes from-the chael in the shaft to the j acket, all substantially asset orth.

.;t."ln a gas-engine, an explosion chambeny "aimain tubeleadingj to said explosion chambor, aseries of fan blades arranged to E8",

litv

water jacket, and a pipe .leadin from said I volve-insaid tube, a smalltube leading from I the main tube to the closed asolene tank, a

carburetor in-said'main tube composed of two diaphragms connected. by a series of tubes opening at each end into the-main tube "and perforated throughout their len h, and

second all tube shorter than t e first,

leading from the gasolene tank to the space two subscribing witnesses, this fourth day between the diaphragm in the main tube, all of February, 1910.

substantially as set forth.

5. In a gas engine, a carbureter provided with an internal shaft, carrying a balance wheel and a series of fans, a gear loosely mounted on said shaft, and an automatic clutch interposed between said gear and said shaft, all combined substantially as described.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of DWIGHT H. BENNETT. NVitnesses:

RICHARD L. CARPENTER, SIDNEY S. BALL.

JAMES L. BENNETT,

As Administrator. Witnesses to signature of J. L. Bennett:

WV. B. HERBERT, A. G. N. VERMILYA.

Images