US11134608B2 - Method and machine for plant cultivation on a field - Google Patents
Method and machine for plant cultivation on a field Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US11134608B2 US11134608B2 US16/356,649 US201916356649A US11134608B2 US 11134608 B2 US11134608 B2 US 11134608B2 US 201916356649 A US201916356649 A US 201916356649A US 11134608 B2 US11134608 B2 US 11134608B2
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- work units
- adjacent rows
- agricultural machine
- plants
- distance
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/005—Precision agriculture
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B39/00—Other machines specially adapted for working soil on which crops are growing
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
- A01B49/06—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/062—Devices for making drills or furrows
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/20—Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates generally to agricultural machines. More particularly it relates to a method and a machine for providing plant cultivation measures on a field, like removing weeds or applying nutrients or herbicides.
- Seeds may be planted in quadratic or regular patterns, which enables certain crop protection and nutrient practices (e.g., mechanical hoeing and fertilizing) in quadratic patterns or clusters. While hoeing and fertilizing operations on plants standing in a square pattern can be done with the same machine in a first direction and in a second, transverse direction, this is not possible to perform with the same machine if the plant pattern is not square-shaped, as it might be required in the future for optimizing plant growth results, as mentioned above.
- the respective work units of an implement for hoeing or dispensing fertilizer or herbicides need to be located between adjacent rows of plants.
- a cultivation operation may be performed on a field on which plants are planted in a regular, non-square pattern with plants in parallel, linear rows with a first transverse distance between adjacent rows in a first direction being smaller than a second transverse distance between adjacent rows in a second direction different from the first direction.
- the method may include operating an agricultural machine over the field in the first direction, the machine connected to a first set of work units with lateral distances between adjacent work units of the first set of work units corresponding to the first distance, with the work units of the first set of the work units positioned between adjacent rows that extend in the first direction and interact with at least one of the ground between adjacent rows and the plants of at least one of the rows adjacent the respective work unit and operating the agricultural machine over the field in the second direction, with the work units of the first set of the work units positioned between adjacent rows that extend in the second direction and interact with at least one of the ground between adjacent rows and the plants of at least one of the rows adjacent the respective work unit.
- the agricultural machine may be connected to a second set of work units which are inoperative during operation of the agricultural machine in the first direction and operative during operation of the agricultural machine in the second direction to cover the areas between adjacent rows which cannot be treated with the work units of the first set of the work units during operation of the agricultural machine in the second direction.
- the work units of the first set of work units can be mounted to a first transverse tool carrier and the work units of the second set of work units can be mounted to a second transverse tool carrier.
- the second tool carrier can be moved into an operative position during operation of the agricultural machine in the second direction and into an inoperative position during operation of the agricultural machine in the first direction.
- the first tool carrier can be mounted at the rear of the agricultural machine and the second tool carrier can be mounted at the front of the agricultural machine.
- the work units can be adapted to at least one of: hoeing the ground between adjacent rows, fertilizing the plants of at least one of the rows adjacent the respective work unit and supplying a plant protection product, like a herbicide, pesticide or a fungicide to the plants of at least one of the adjacent rows.
- the work units of the first set of work units may supply fertilizer to the ground adjacent the plants. This means that when the agricultural machine drives along the first direction, fertilizer bands are laid down between the adjacent rows. When the agricultural machine however drives in the second direction, fertilizer bands are also laid down between the adjacent rows, but no fertilizer is provided where no plants are located, since this area is not covered by the work units of the first set of work units.
- the first distance can be half of the second distance and the first and second direction can be orthogonal, although other angles between the first and second direction are possible, for example to achieve a diamond-shaped pattern.
- an agricultural machine may perform a cultivation operation on a field on which plants are planted in a regular, non-square pattern with plants in parallel, linear rows with a first transverse distance between adjacent rows in a first direction being smaller than a second transverse distance between adjacent rows in a second direction different from the first direction is provided.
- the agricultural machine may be connected to a first set of work units with lateral distances between adjacent work units of the first set of work units corresponding to the first distance, with the work units of the first set of the work units being positionable between adjacent rows that extend in the first direction and adapted to interact with at least one of the ground between adjacent rows and the plants of at least one of the rows adjacent the respective work unit during operation of the agricultural operation in the first direction, while the work units of the first set of the work units are positionable between adjacent rows that extend in the second direction and adapted to interact with at least one of the ground between adjacent rows and the plants of at least one of the rows adjacent the respective work unit during operation of the agricultural operation in the second direction.
- the agricultural machine may be connected to a second set of work units which are adapted to be inoperative during operation of the agricultural machine in the first direction and adapted to be operative during operation of the agricultural machine in the second direction to cover the areas between adjacent rows which cannot be treated with the work units of the first set of the work units during operation of the agricultural machine in the second direction.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of an agricultural machine during a cultivation operation on a field working in a first direction;
- FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the agricultural machine of FIG. 1 during a cultivation operation on a field working in a second direction;
- FIG. 3 is a top view of a number of first work units of the agricultural machine of FIGS. 1 and 2 ;
- FIG. 4 is a top view of a number of second work units of the agricultural machine of FIGS. 1 and 2 ;
- FIG. 5 is a schematic view of areas of the field covered during a hoeing operation with the agricultural machine of FIGS. 1 and 2 ;
- FIG. 6 is a schematic view of areas of the field covered during a fertilizing operation with the agricultural machine of FIGS. 1 and 2 .
- FIGS. 1 through 6 of the drawings At least one example embodiment of the subject matter of this disclosure is understood by referring to FIGS. 1 through 6 of the drawings.
- FIG. 1 shows a top view of a field 10 on which an agricultural machine 12 , comprising a self-propelled vehicle and work units connected thereto, is operating.
- plants 14 On the field 10 , plants 14 have been planted or sown during a previous work step.
- the plants 14 are planted in a rectangular pattern with a first transverse distance x in a first (in FIGS. 1 and 2 horizontal) direction 16 between adjacent rows (measured in the direction extending transversely to the first direction 16 ) and a second transverse distance y in a second (in FIGS. 1 and 2 vertical) direction 18 between adjacent rows (measured in the direction extending transversely to the second direction 18 ).
- the distances x and y are different, and x can be half of y.
- x can be 19.05 cm (7.5 inches) and y can be 38.1 cm (15 inches).
- Directions 16 , 18 are shown as orthogonal, but could alternatively include an angle different from 90 degrees.
- the plants 14 can be sown or planted in any useful manner, like based on a positioning system (for example, GPS) receiver or using local sensors on the seeding or planting machine. In this respect, reference is made to the prior art (EP 1415523 A1, US 20170071124 A1), the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
- the plants 14 are planted on the field 10 in rows, which have a lateral distance with respect to the forward direction v of the agricultural machine 12 that depends on the driving direction of the machine 12 .
- the lateral distance between adjacent rows is x
- the lateral distance between adjacent rows is y
- x is smaller than y.
- Tramlines 20 and 22 can be provided on the field 10 , i.e. areas between rows without plants 14 , to enable the agricultural machine 12 to drive over the field 10 without damaging plants 14 .
- the tramlines can be provided as described in patent applications U.S.
- the agricultural machine 12 is shown as a tractor with a chassis 24 , steerable front wheels 26 and driven rear wheels 28 .
- a first tool carrier 36 is mounted by means of a three-point hitch 46 with an upper link 30 and lower links 32 connected to arms 34 supporting the first tool carrier 36 .
- a second tool carrier 42 is mounted by means of a front hitch 40 . Both hitches 40 , 46 can be moved in a vertical direction to lift the tool carriers 36 , 42 into an inoperative position for example during turning in the headland.
- an antenna 48 for receiving signals of a positioning system like GPS, Galileo or Glonass is mounted on the roof of a cab of the agricultural machine 12 .
- the signals provided by the antenna 48 are fed to an electronic control unit 50 which is connected to a memory 52 storing a map of the field 10 including information about the position of the plants 14 and the tramlines 20 , 22 and controlling an automatic steering system 60 to steer the agricultural machine 12 along the first direction 16 or second direction 18 .
- automatic steering of agricultural machine 12 could be performed with a camera- or laser-based steering system detecting the plants 14 and/or tramlines 20 , 22 .
- an operator could steer the agricultural machine 12 along the first direction 16 or second direction 18 with the wheels 26 , 28 in the tramlines 20 , 22 .
- the first tool carrier 36 supports a first set of work units 38 which are suited for mechanical and/or chemical weed control and/or for providing the plants 14 with nutrients and/or a plant protection product.
- the work units 38 of the first set are spaced with the lateral distances between adjacent work units corresponding to the first distance x and are positioned, during operation of the agricultural machine 12 in the first direction 16 , as shown in FIG. 1 , between adjacent rows, which extend in the first direction.
- the second tool carrier 42 supports a second set of work units 44 which are suited for mechanical and/or chemical weed control and/or for providing the plants 14 with nutrients and/or a plant protection product.
- the work units 44 of the second set are spaced with the lateral distances between adjacent work units corresponding to the second distance y.
- the second tool carrier 42 with the second set of work units 44 is brought into an inoperative position by the front hitch 40 , as indicated in FIG. 1 with the broken lines, since the second set of work units 44 is not required when the agricultural machine 12 moves in the first direction 16 .
- the actuation of the front hitch 40 can be performed by the operator of machine 12 or automatically based upon signals from antenna 48 indicating the direction of machine 12 .
- the second tool carrier 42 with the second set of work units 44 is brought into an operative position by the front hitch 40 , as indicated in FIG. 2 , since the second set of work units 44 is needed to cover these parts of the field 10 when the agricultural machine 12 moves in the second direction 18 .
- the actuation of the front hitch 40 can be performed by the operator of machine 12 or automatically based upon signals from antenna 48 indicating the direction of machine 12 .
- the same machine 12 can be used to perform cultivating operations on the field 10 in both directions 16 , 18 , with the only change being to move the second set of work units 44 into the inoperative position when working in the first direction 16 and moving the second set of work units into the operative position when working in the second direction 18 .
- FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the first set of work units 38 .
- a supporting frame 54 is connected by a bracket 56 to the first tool carrier 36 and supported on a wheel 58 .
- the frame 54 carries two or three ground-engaging hoes 62 , located laterally between adjacent rows of plants 14 .
- FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the second set of work units 44 .
- a supporting frame 54 is connected by a bracket 56 to the second tool carrier 42 and supported on a wheel 58 .
- the frame 54 carries one ground-engaging hoe 62 , located laterally between adjacent rows of plants 14 , and covering the ground that, when driving in the second direction 18 , cannot be hoed by the work units 38 of the first set of work units 38 .
- FIG. 5 indicates which parts of the ground are cultivated with the work units 38 of the first set of work units 38 , indicated as “rear cultivated”, since the first tool carrier 36 is mounted at the rear of agricultural machine 12 , and with the work units 44 of the second set of work units 44 , indicated as “front cultivated”, since the second tool carrier 42 is mounted at the front of agricultural machine 12 .
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Guiding Agricultural Machines (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US16/356,649 US11134608B2 (en) | 2018-05-15 | 2019-03-18 | Method and machine for plant cultivation on a field |
AU2019202627A AU2019202627B2 (en) | 2018-05-15 | 2019-04-16 | Method and machine for plant cultivation on a field |
EP19173801.2A EP3569045B1 (en) | 2018-05-15 | 2019-05-10 | Method and machine for plant cultivation on a field |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US201862671936P | 2018-05-15 | 2018-05-15 | |
US16/356,649 US11134608B2 (en) | 2018-05-15 | 2019-03-18 | Method and machine for plant cultivation on a field |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20190350128A1 US20190350128A1 (en) | 2019-11-21 |
US11134608B2 true US11134608B2 (en) | 2021-10-05 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US16/356,649 Active 2039-11-29 US11134608B2 (en) | 2018-05-15 | 2019-03-18 | Method and machine for plant cultivation on a field |
Country Status (3)
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US (1) | US11134608B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3569045B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2019202627B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102020117911A1 (en) | 2020-07-07 | 2022-01-13 | Deere & Company | Method of growing plants in a regular pattern with site-adapted variation in plant density |
Citations (22)
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US4248310A (en) * | 1979-06-28 | 1981-02-03 | Mcwilliams William R | Skip row cultivators |
DE68903856T3 (en) | 1988-03-30 | 1998-04-16 | Lely Nv C Van Der | Mechanically driven tillage implement. |
EP0868842A1 (en) | 1997-04-03 | 1998-10-07 | Maschinenfabrik Rau GmbH | Aparatus for delivering granular material |
EP0916243A1 (en) | 1997-11-13 | 1999-05-19 | Amazonen-Werke H. Dreyer GmbH & Co. KG | Working device for targeted working across rows |
US6199000B1 (en) | 1998-07-15 | 2001-03-06 | Trimble Navigation Limited | Methods and apparatus for precision agriculture operations utilizing real time kinematic global positioning system systems |
EP1415523A1 (en) | 2002-11-02 | 2004-05-06 | Kverneland ASA | Sowing machine |
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-
2019
- 2019-03-18 US US16/356,649 patent/US11134608B2/en active Active
- 2019-04-16 AU AU2019202627A patent/AU2019202627B2/en active Active
- 2019-05-10 EP EP19173801.2A patent/EP3569045B1/en active Active
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EP1415523A1 (en) | 2002-11-02 | 2004-05-06 | Kverneland ASA | Sowing machine |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3569045B1 (en) | 2021-03-03 |
AU2019202627A1 (en) | 2019-12-05 |
AU2019202627B2 (en) | 2024-06-27 |
EP3569045A1 (en) | 2019-11-20 |
US20190350128A1 (en) | 2019-11-21 |
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