US111193A - Improvement in casters - Google Patents

Description

UAS @WR i PATENTED JAN 24 1871 .rNANols A. GARDNER, or

DANBUNY, CONNECTICUT.

Letters Patent No. 111,193, dated Januar-y2@ 1871.

IMPRQVENIENT IN CASTERS.

l1 .'he Schedule refers-,ed to in these Letters Patent and mal-ring part of the same.

To all 'whom it may conce-m;

Be it known that I, FnANois A. GARDNER, of Danbury, in' the county ot Fairfield and State lot" Gonnecticut, have, vented a new and' usefull Improvef mentin Castersrandl do hereby declare the follow- Iiig to be a fnl-l,-='elear, and 'exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying draw- `-ing,fin'.whichi 'Figeafe'lis a sectional perspeetive'view of myl caster. `Figure'is a transverse sectional elevation of the same Figure .is a horizontal plan on line x.

Figure 4 is a cross-section showing curved casterplate.

Figure -5, section of fi'ictidn=1"oller.

This invention relates to .that class 'of casters which l ismsedfor furniture and other movable articles, and

which is provided withiliction-rollers to'reduce the friction of the spin dicin vits socket, or to dispenseI with said spindle entirely, and to enablethe bearlng roller to turn morereadily in the required direction.v

In casters where frictionrollers have been employed to relieve the friction upon the central spindle they have always been airanged so as toY revolve upon axes perpendicularto the. prime axisof the caster, and in consequence of this arrangement the eentrifuf gal tendencyof 'the'..rollers'so placed causes material friction between said rollers and those-parts oftthe de, vice which retain saidrollers in place.

My invention consists-. l yFirst, informing tho caster-plate with its upper surface inclinedto the prime axis 'of the caster at an angle of forty-five degrees or thereabout, and inclos-y ing thel same in afilanged cylindrical case, with frictionrollers interposed between said inclined face on the-one side and said shell and. ange'on the other, so that .the axes of said rollers shall be inclined to the prime axis of the caster at an angle correspond-1 ingr to the jangle of the inclined face of the` castel'- plate.

Second, and theplnte G, with radial arms'obliquey tothe prime axis ot' the caster, at an yangle of tbrtyii'vev degrees or thereabou't, saidv arms to retain vthe friction-.i-'ollersat oqnidistantpoints. Y

That others may fully understand my invention, I

will particularly describe its construction and encra-v A is the shell whicn contains the op'erativel'iartsoi the apparatus. It is provided with some convenient means ot'attachment lto a pieccof furniture or otherl l movable .a1-ticle; For thisgpurpose aiiange, v1 5, may' be employed, and said ilange maybe n\ade.separate, or, lit may be, form a part of the shell A,4 and it may projeetlaterally or in the form o-"a soekelaas may be most convenient, orzbest adapted to the vpurposes for separate, as shown in the drawing', it may be made to retain the operative parts of the caster in place.

The interior of the shell-A is'cylindrical, and it is provided with a flange, a, prQiecting inward at rightv anglesto the sides of the eylinder.-

bythe cylinderA and dange a, and vwhen in operation Athey pressl equally against said parts. l The caster-plate11is fitted vlooselytothe open end of the cylinder, and its upper side. vis beiveled atan angle et' about ibrtyvefdegees `lto the Iside'A and -angem r- A. circular space, d, with triangular section,'wi1l thus bc. formed -for the reception of the spherical rollers C, and' the said rollers will therefore be interposed between the shell A and theplate D, and will keep them apart. The rollers C may be placed loosely ,in this space,- as shown `in g. 3, and -in number as many as can be' placed therein without crowding each other.

forced ontwardagainst the.;cy1inder A and upward against the flanged, and thatv thev resultant direction' ot' torce is `forty-live degrees tothe axis of plate '1) and perpendicular to its inclined upper surface.

ot' forty-five degrees orfthereabout, so'that, the load points on the surface of the ',easterplate.

.thereby retained in Aits central position, and frictional contact with the lower edge of the'shell' is prevented. i e v A 'central steady-mint, wil-l be useful sometimes this will hardly ever bedistnrbcd except by violence.

, 1f the angularthee oi* Ithe plate D be inade'eon-v cave, as shown in'fig. the displacement of said plate will be almost or entirelyprevented, v f

ing spherical rollers O Cand without contact with the dom, the friction being. thereby Agreatlyn'e'dnce'd.v

E, one of which only 'ist shown in fig. 2 to form hearings for the` caster-wheel F. As before stated, the caster-wheel revolves lwith a very small lamountv of friction, and the axis of the wheel F can Ytherefore be .placed very n'ea'r' to the axisof the 'plate' 1);."- The the several spherical friction-rollers.

Wh'en the spherical rollers C O'areqplacedloosely which'thecaster is intended to he used.` 'When made The spherical rollers C O rest in the angle formed' It will'he perceived that, with this arrangement of Y the plate -D within the shell,l the rollersQ are equally Y The frictioirljollei's'OCrevolve u po'n axes which v are inclined to the prime axis of the-easter at an angle stress and the centrifugal' thrust act against the sam-e,"

rlhe reactive force isi-against the plate D, which is to maintain the horizontality of the lplate-1), though The plate' D, being supported uponthe fmeniov-f4 shcllA, will revolvewith the greatest possible free-.

Upon the-lower side ofthe plate D are two lugs, E

' load willlthen be distributed 'very nearlyeqznall y upon between the shell Aand plateA D they mayebeilable yto crowd each other, and thus'iiiction Iwill be caused between them somewhat inproportion to the load sustained.

;'.l0 reduce the number .of rollers required, Ifeln-l "ploy, a-plate, G, `wth three or more. radial arms, H,

v*magie oblique tothe prime'axis of lche caster and eo ineidentwith .the axes of revolution of therrollers O, 'and each of said Varms vpass through one of said roll-1 ers as anaxle, the rollers being .perforated for that purpose. A n

" The plate G rests freely between the shell A andv .the caster-plate D, and serves only to retain thefri'ction-rollers at equidi'stant points, and does not add. .in

y any appreciable degree to the friction ofthe movingparts;

1 am aware vthatconeal rollers with axes perpen dieular to thev prime axis of the easter, have been used between inclined plates; but I am not aware that rollers revolving l'upon axes oblique to said prime-axis have ever been so used.

a facel inclined at an angle of about forty-five degrees tothe prime axis'of theV easter, and the spherical rollers 0,'to operate in themauner .set forth.

allel with the iuclinedsurface of the vplate D, and combined with the shell'A, plate D, and rollers 0, for the purpose 'set forth. 4 V

` FRANCIS A.' GARDNER.

' -Witnessem l 'H S.TUBBEL,

Dam B. Boom;

combination with a caster-plate, D, constructed with 2. The ,plate G, constructed with radial arms H. oblique to the prime axis of the caster and about par-

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