US1107353A - Apparatus for heating ovens. - Google Patents

Description

S. QJGLEE APPRATUS FCE 'HEATING' OWENS. .MPL10-NGN 3511451) om?. s1, m2,

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TWIRT S. QUIGLEY, OF ROCMWAYlPAB/K, NEW YORK.

AEPARATUS FR HEATING OWENS.

To all whom if; may concern.'

Be it known thatl, lVIrrr S. QUIGLar, a citizen oli' the United States of America, re-` siding at Rockaway Park, county of Queens, State of Blew York, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Apparatus for Heating Ovens, of which the following is a specification.

illy invention relates to ovens heated interiorly by hot air, and to tu'rnaces'for heatin the saine. ln ovens of this type, as for instance, core baking' ovens, the desired ternperal'ure is comparatively low, approxi inately degrees Fahrenheit, as a temperature lnucli above this point will overheat or burn the contents of the oven Ain- 'n V'the other hand the temperature of the gasesof combustion .in an el'lieient furnace for such oven will run from 2200O to '28000 Fahrenheit in tenuieratiiire. li gases at this temperature. are led directly into the oven, so as vto utilize all the heat generated, the articles nearest the inlet from the furnace are liable to be burned, unless an elaborate systeni of baille plates is employed, which waste a portion of the heat, and do not, even then, alnf'ays remedy the diiiiculty. This is particuvlarly true of furnaces in which fuel in fluid torni is used,

either gas, oil or pulverized coal, supplied with air for combustion under pressure, because' in such eases the highest ellicieney is reached only when the combustil le mixture contains about the theoretically ce rect Aleunt ot sir for periti-ret combustio, and any attempt to the tempera tureby supplying; an excess ot air at 'the burner would interfere wi n the process 01"'. combustion. l have overcome this ditiieulty by supplying air to such furnaces outside et the zone of combustion, to dilute and temper the gases of combustion, thereby consefmfingthe beet, but delivering to the oven a inne larger volume ol gases at a .lower 'teinpe ture. '"l e efficiency may be :further increasr f picheating said au" et dilution by pasen it through passageways orined in the ti brick lining of the furnace before delivering it to the interior thereot'.

The best torno of apparatus embodying' my 'invention et present known me is .illusv` rated in. the accoinpr-.nyingtwo sheets in which, l ure l is a cross section ol" a standard torn et core baking oven andA furnace therefor with my invention applied thereto, the

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed Octoberl, 1912.

halves of the shelves.

rammen aug. is, raie. Serial No. 728,911.

section being taken on line l.1 of Fig. v3; Fig. 2 is a detail section on line .2-2 of Fig. l showing the passageways for the air'of dilution, and Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the oven, and longitudinal central section of the furnace on line 3*-3 of Fig. l.

Throughout the drawings like reference characters indicate lik'e parts.

l, is the oven chamber having outlet 2, at the top and a Series of revolvin shelves 3, 3, and partitions 4l, 4, so that half of the shelves and articles carried thereon'are iii the inclosed oven space l, While the other halves are exposed, so that the previously baked articles may be removed and unbaked articles placed thereon, without interrupting the baking of the articles on the other When this is completed, the shelves are given a half turn and the operation repeated. Hot air for the baking operation is supplied from'furnace chamber 5, below the oven and communicating therewith through openings 6, 6 inthe furnace root 7. A combustible mixture .of air, and gras, oil or pulver-ized coal is fed to the furnace through inlet 8f In the formy illustrated an oil burner 9, is employed.`

10, is the combustion chamber, and 11, the bridge wall, or tire back which serves to localize the zone of combustion.

The foregoing constitutes standard construction and would ordinarily be subjectL in use to 'the disadvantages above. indicated in that the would pass up into the oven chamber at nearly the Yfull temperature of combustion, burning the cores or other a'rticles on the lower shelves 3. At' the same time the gases would give up so much of their heat to such lower shelves in their slowprogress upward that the articles on the top shelves might not he baked suiiieiently.

According to my invention I supply a lare-e quantity ot additional air tothe upiu part oi furnace chamber 5, outside of the zone ot combustion, through openings l2, l2, in the furnace wall. Preferably this air passes tl'irough horizontal ducts 13, in the tire l'uiek .lining of the furnace, being supplied thereto throughpassage ll, from blower l5. As shown in Fig. 2, the lower ducts 13,'only, are connected to passage 14, and these are connected together andl to the, upper duct by vertical ducts 16. As own these ducts are formed vin hollow tile constit ating the furnace lining.

ln operation the proper quantities fii 'tion of the furnace lining and walls.

but as the highly heated gases so generated pass out into the upper part of the furnace on their way to the oven, they are diluted by airtissuing from the openings 12, l2.

This air has had its temperature somewhat raised by the heat absorbed from the furnace lining and such heat is delivered to the oven to do useful work instead of beingl lost in radiator or destructive 'disintegra- The quantity of air supplied, however, is so large that its temperature is much less than that of the gases of combustion, and the temperature of the resultant mixture is therefore reduced to a point such that it will not burn even the articles on the lowest of the oven shelves. The quantity of diluted and tempered gases is so great, however, and their velocity of movement through the oven consequently so much greater than the velocity ofthe gases of combustion alone would be, `when no air of dilution is supplied, that said stream of tempered gases retains enough heat even at the point of exit to heat the top shelf in the oven to nearly the same degree as the bottom shelf, thereby producing an equable baking action throughout the oven, withoutk overheating any part thereof. In other words, instead of supplying a hundred cubic feet of gases at 1800 degrees temperature in a given period to theloven, which would burn articles near the inlet but not even bake articles near the outlet, nay-improved furnace will supply say 300 cubic feet of mixed air and gases, at an initial temperature of something over 500 degrees temperature and which Will passy through the oven at three times greater velocity, thus maintaining a baking temperature throughout the oven without overheating any part thereof. Air other advantage is the preservation of the lining and walls of the furnace through the cooling action of the air passing through the hollow tile.

While I have illustrated my invention as appliedl to the core oven, it is evidentv that it could be applied With equal advantage to any forni of oven heated internally by incassa the passage of hot gases, and thatwhile I have illustrated an eil burning furnace it would apply equally well to other furnaces burning pulverized fuel or other forms of fuel under a forced blast.

l am aware that heretofore furnaces have been built in which air was admitted to the Zone of combustion through passageways built in the wall of the furnace so as to preheat the air, but in all these furnaces the purpese and effect of so admitting air to the zone of' combustion was to heighten y and complete the combustion which was only partially perfected at the fuel bed. My invention differs from this in that in the furnaces built and operated in accordance therewith, care is taken to so regulate the amount of air supplied to theizone of combustion as to complete said combustion while the additional air supplied outside of the zone of combustion does not coi'nbine chemically with the products of combustion but merely dilutes them mechanically. thereby producing a mechanical mixture oi: much lower temperature for the purposes set forthn Having, therefore, described my invern tion. l claim:

The combination 'with an oven of a furnace having its outlet for gases oi combus 'tion connected to said. oven, said. furnace having a combustion chamber, means for supplying a combustible mixture of air and fuel under pressure to said combustion chamber, a iniXing chamber interposed between the comlmstion chamber and the furnace outlet, the walls of which combustion and mixing chambers have passageways therein discharging into the mixing chainbeil at points outside of the Zone of combustion in the furnace, and means for forcing air through said passagcways and outlets. whereby the products of the complete coinbustion going on in the combustion chainber' are diluted with a predetermined quantity of partly preheated air, and the mixture delivered directly to the oven.

Vfl-RT S. QUGLEY.

llllitnesses;

A., Paulina Sinaai, M. (il. Cuawronn.

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