US1101537A - Gas or vapor burner. - Google Patents

Description

G. A. HAAS.

GAS OR VAPOR BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED 001 .20, 1913.

EJ145370 PatentedJuneSQlQM OFFICE.

CYRUS A. HAAS, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

GAS OR VAPOR BURNER.

Application filed October 20, 1913.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CYRUS A. Hans, citi- Zen of the United States, residing at St. Louis, State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas or Vapor Burners, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof.

My invention has relation to improvements in gas and vapor burners; and it consists in the novel construction of burner more fully set forth in the specification and pointed out in the claims In the drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation of the burner; Fig. 2 is an elevation of the same on a reduced scale, and turned fortyfive degrees about its axis (from the position shown in Fig. 1) Fig. 3 is a top plan View of the burner; Fig. 4 is a horizontal crosssection on the line &1- of Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional detail on the line 55 of Fig. 1; Fig. 6 is a horizontal cross-section on the line 66 of Fig, 1; and Fig. 7 is an elevation of the burner-tip showing the manner of adjustment of the claws and consequent variations in the height of the air cone of the flame.

The present invention is directed to a burner which is eminently adapted for use in connection with natural gas where variations in the quality and pressure are most marked, the object of the invention being primarily to construct a burner which will hold the flame irrespective of the variations referred to, it being well known that some burners permit the flame to leave the burner tip, thus extinguishing the flame.

A further object is to provide a burner which will furnish the proper complement of air to the gas irrespective of the quality of the latter; and to provide further and other structural features the advantages of which will fully appear from a detailed description of the invention which is as follows.

Referring to the drawings, 1 represents a burner-tube closed at one end by a hollow polygonal plug 2 terminating in a wall provided with a gas-passage or port a, the diameter of said port for a natural gas registering nine ounces appromiate maximum pressure, being three-thirty-seconds (3 g) of an inch. The plug is interiorly threaded and serves as a means of attaching the burner to the valve-casing C provided with the usual stop-cock V as well understood in Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 30, 1914.

Serial No. 796,270.

the art. The member 0 is screwed directly to the gas-supply pipe P. The plug 2 has a press-fit in the tube 1, passages 6 being left between its faces and the inner walls of the tube for the influx of air (Fig. 6). The inner end of the plug 2 is substantially flush or even. with the lower edges of the peripheral air-intake openings h which complete the Bunsen burner, there being two such openings in the present case, diametrically opposite one another and of considerable size to aflord influx for a maximum quantity of air to mix with the gas entering the tube through the port a. The number and shape of the openings it may be varied,

The burner-head or flame support comprises a series of claws, arms, or prongs 3, flaring outwardly and upwardly, and having their free terminals turned inwardly toward the axis of the burner, or in a direction opposite to the outward flare of the bases of the claws. The claws are separated from each other by slits we having diverging sides, that is to say they are substantially V-shaped, although my invention is not to be understood as restricted to this form of slit or space between the claws. The depths of the slits and hence the lengths of the claws will depend on considerations to be presently referred to. The main purpose subserved by the clawed burner end as described, is that it holds the flame to the burner, the flame not sloughing off, the gas burning permanently until turned off by the cock V. Another purpose served by the claws is that they determine the length or height of the air-cone t within the flame e, the claws being made of pliable material so as to permit bending or adjusting to and from the axis of the burner tube any desired degree. If for a given separation of the claws the height of the air cone corresponds to wm (Fig. 7 this height may be increased say to a dimension represented by ma by contracting the claws to the inner dotted position in Fig. 7, or this height may be reduced say to that represented by ww by spreading the claws to the outer dotted position in said figure. Thus the air cone (at whose outer tip the flame is most effective and hottest) may be carefully regulated where the flame is used to impinge on surfaces designed to be heated, such as boiler phlplls and tubes, cookers, heaters and the The conditions which determine whether the claws shall be closed or open that is to say, bent inward or outward from a given flare serving as a base of reference, are the following :(1) IVhere the gas is rich and the pressure low the claws are closed; (2) where the gas is lean and the pressure high, the claws are open and the slits lengthened to allow for greater volume of air (the slits serving as air intake openings as quite obvious from the drawings). In this connection it may be stated that there is no provision for lengthening the slits, except to cut deeper slits in aburner having slits of a given length or depth, or to employ a different burner with slits already lengthened. (3) vVhere the gas is lean and the pressure low the claws are closed, and at the same time the gas orifice a is increased to obtain the same volume as in case Number 1. This increase inthe orifice a of course, is possible by providing av special plug 2 with a larger orifice. l) Where the gas is rich and the pressure high the prongs or claws are opened, and the gas orifice reduced as compared with Number 1. A limited amount of control for all cases however, is possible by a proper manipulation of the cock V. As to the opening and closing of the claws or prongs 3, the general rule is that as the pressure increases the more open the claws, and the deeper the slits, and as the pressure decreases the more closed the claws and the shorter the slits. As the richness of the gas increases the closer the prongs and the shorter the slits, and as the richness decreases the more open the claws and deeper the slits.

In the present burner it will be seen that provision is made for the intake of air at three distinct points, to-witz at 5 below or in advance of the point of discharge of the gas from the orifice or port a, at h, it, above or beyond the point of discharge from the port a; and at m at points contiguous to the base of the flame e, the slits m having more or less to do with the length of the aircone t. The primary air intake openings may be said to be the peripheral openings 71 h,- the secondary openings the passages b, .7); and the tertiary openings the slits m, m, between the prongs or claws.

Having described my invention, what I claim is:

' 1. A Bunsen-burner provided with a terminally clawed end, said claws being spaced apart, the spaces tapering toward the bases of the claws, the latter enveloping the flame and tending outwardly or away from the axis of the burner, and having free terminals deflected in the opposite direction or toward said axis.

2. A gas burner comprising a tubular member for the gas, a terminal head therefor comprising a series of members of substantially uniform width and spaced apart by substantially \l-shaped slits, said members radiating outwardly away from the axis of the tubular member and having free ends tending inwardly or toward said axis, thereby forming a series of claws whereby the flame is held to the tubular member.

3. In a Bunsen-burner, a tube provided with peripheral primary air-intake openings, a gas-intake plug in the tube below said openings forming secondary air-intake passages, and a burner-head comprising a series of members spaced apart, the spaces form- Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. C.

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