US1085271A - Governing mechanism. - Google Patents

Description

B. KRAMER.

GOVERNING MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 31,1911.

1,085,271 Patented Jan. 27, 1914.

\Mtnesses: InVeritorT Bernhard Kramer,-

H Mp x 2] UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BERNHARD KRAMER, 0F CHARLOTTENBURG, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR To GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

GOVERNING MECHANISM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 27,1914.

Application filed May 31. 1911. Serial No. 630.403.

To all il /10777. it may concern Be it known that I, BERNHARD KRAMER. a subject of the Emperor of Germany, residing at Charlottenburg, Germany, have in vented certain new and useful mprovements in Governing Mechanism, of which. the following is a specification.

The invention relates to governing mechanism for prime movers gines, turbines, etc, in which the work of moving the valves or other devices that regulate the supply of motive fluid to the engine or turbine is performed by a suitable motor, while the governor has to perform only the small amount of work necessary to actuate a device which controls the operation of the motor.

The object of the invention is the pro-' vision of an improved governing mechanism and of means for adjusting the governing mechanism to vary the speed of the engine or turbine to any desired degree. however small, which permits the use of governor springs of comparatively great irregularity without at the same time affecting the hility' of the speed regulation for all positions of the valves. In the form of the in vention illustrated, this result is secured by mechanism such that the movements of the piston of a hydraulic motor that opens and closes the valves are regularly transmitter, to the movable casing or seat of the pilot valve of the motor. which valve is' controlled by the governor, so that the relative l|i0\'0- ment of th valve and its casing or seat. and hence the extent of the movement of the pilot valve to reach its neutral position. can be adjusted to obtain the desired variation in the number of revolutions.

The drawing shows in a somewhat diagrammatic manner. an illustrative embodiment of the invention in which the governor l is driven from some part of the engine or turbine in the customary way. The valve 2 is typical of anvvalve or system of valves for controlling the admission of motive fluid to an engine or turbine. The valve is shown as connected directly to the piston 3 of a hydraulic motor but this connection can include levers. gearing. etc... if desirable or necessary.

The admision of motive fluid to the r-ylin der 4 of the hydraulic motor is controlled bv a pilot valve 5 having its stem pivoted such as steam en-' l l l l i l l l l l l l 1 l l l l at 6 to the floating lever 7 intermediate the ends of said lever. The left end of the lever is connected to the governor sleeve 8 and the right end of the lever connected directly or more or less indirectly, to the piston r of the hydraulic motor sons to move with the piston 23 and valve 2 and form a follow up device for preventing over-travel of the motor.

Fluid under pressure is admitted through the port 9 in the pilot valve casing or seat 10 t0 the region between the two valve disks or-heads l1 and passes to and from the cylinder 4 through the conduits 12 and 13 under the control of the pilot valve and the overnor. The ends of casing 10 are provided with suitable exhaust ports (not shown). The pilot valve and its seat form a regulator for controlling the hydraulic lTlUth. The lower end of the casing or seat 10 is connected by the link or rod 14 to the lever 15 which is pivoted at its right end to the piston rod of the hydraulic motor. The left end of this lever is slidably mounted in a pivot or fulcrum 16 carried by a block or nut 17 mounted on a screw 18. The block 17 can be moved along the screw by turning the hand wheel 19 on. one end of said screw. The screw 18 can be rotated by an ele tric motor. if desired. and this motor can be controlled by a suitable switch located on the switch-board or in some other convenient location.

When the fulcrum ltilies in the axis of the governor 1. any movement of the piston 3 produced by a previous movement of the pilot valve by the governor. will be communicated in equal degree to the pilot valve and its seat or casing, so that no change will take place in the adjustment of the pilot valve relative to the passages or ports in. its seat by the governor. The governor will continue to regulate the supply of motive fluid to the engine or turbine and maintain the speed of rotation uniform. The sleeve 8 always comes again into its original .posilien and the number of revolutions is main tained uniform for all degrees of opening of the engine or turbine valves. The more. however. the fulcrum 16 of the lever 15 iS moved toward the axis of the pilot valve asing or seat. the smaller becomes the move ment of the casing 10 and the greater the reduction in the number of revolutions. If the fulcrum of the lever 15 is moved to a point on the axis of the casing, then the casing has mech a main crnor with the usual limit of variation otj speed. .s'ullicicntlv tiexihlc by the use of any suit-- able means so as not, to interfere with the comparatively small movement of the casing it) relative to the cylinder l.

In accordance with the provisionswf the patent statutes, I have described the prin- The conduits IQ and iii are made supply of fluid to the motor c riplc of operation of my invention, together l with the apparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof; but I desire to have it understood rat the apparatus shown is only illustrative, and that the invention can be carried out bv other means.

.Vhat I claim new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is,

1. In a governing mechanism for engines or turbines, the combination of valve means for regulating the supply of motive fluid to the engine or turbine including an actuating motor, a pilot valve for the motor, a speed -responsive device that is connected to the pilot valve, a fOllOW-Hp mechanism for preventing overtravel of the motor, a movable seat for the pilot valve, a device for transmitting motion from the valve means to the seat, and means for varyii'ig the action of said device on the seat.

2. In a governing mechanism for engines or turbines, the combination of valve means for regulating the supply of motive fluid to the engine or turbine including a motor for actuating said means, a speed-responsive device'that rotates about a given axis, a pilot valve for the motor that has its axis substantially parallel to the axis of said device, a. connection between the device and the valve, a follow-up mechanism for'prcventing over-travel of the motor, a movable seat for the pilot valve, a lever for transmit; ting motion from .the valve means to the seat, a fulcrum for the lever, and means for adjusting the fulcrum between the aXis of the speed-responsive device and the axis of the pilot valve.

In a governing mechanism for a prime mover, the combination of means for regulating the supply of motive fluid to the prime mover, a motor having a movable member for actuating said means, a regulator for controlling the supply of energy to the motor, said regulator members that can be moved relatively to each other, a speedresponsive device, a connection betweenthc device and one of the regulator members so that said device controls the motor, separate connections for transmitting motion from the movable member of the motor to each member of the reg comprising two l l l il l l l l I l l l l l g l l l l ing a follow-up mechanism for ulator, and memiis tor atljusling one of said connections to vary the an'iount of motion transmitted by it to a re ulator member.

i. In a goveri'iii f l'tivrllfililSnl for et a or turbines. the manta.iation of vain i for regulating-the supply of motive d to the engine or turbine. a tluid actuated'motor having a movable member for actuati said means, a regulz-itur for contr llin valve and seat, each of \th relative to the other, a spa vice. a connection actives-a said al v or an: one of the regulator member so that tin de vice can control the n'lotor. connections for transmitting motion from the movable member of the motor to the valve and no r spectivelv, and means tor adjusting of the connections to vary the amount wt motion transmitted by it to the corrcspomling regulator member.

In a governing ili icl'iuti for engines or turbines, the combination t valve means for regulating the supply at motive ilnid to.the engine or turbine. a fluid-actuated motor having a movable incu'ilJ-vr tor acne ating said means, a regulator to;- controlling the supply of fluid to the motor comprising a valve and seat, each of which can be moved relative to the other, a speed-responsive device, a lever connected to said device, the valve and the movable member of the motor, a second lever connected to the valve seat. and the movable member of the motor, a fulcrum for the second lever, and means for adjusting the fulcrum relative to the lever to vary the effective length of said lever.

6. In a governing mechanism for engines or turbines, the combination of valve means for regulating the supply of motive fluid to the engine or turbine including an actuating motor, a pilot valve for the motor having two heads that are spaced apart, a speed-responsive device. a floating lever that is connected to the pilot valve. the speed responsive device and also the motor. formpreventing over-travel of the motor, a movable seat for the pilot valve provided with a port for supplying fluid under pressure to the re gion between the heads oi the pilot valve and with other ports controlled by the heads through which said fluid passes to and from the motor, and a lever for transmitting mo tion from said valve means to the seat.

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto my hand this 9th day of May, 1911.

BERNH ARI) KR ii ME ll.

set

Witnesses: I

PEROLS b'rniniricnsa, ADAM Knnonnvsm.

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