US1081455A

US1081455A - Method of and apparatus for washing and cooling gas.

Info

Publication number: US1081455A
Application number: US65831611A
Authority: US
Inventors: Ernest F Lloyd
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1911-11-03
Filing date: 1911-11-03
Publication date: 1913-12-16
Anticipated expiration: 1930-12-16

Description

E. P. LLOYD. METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR WASHING AND COOLING GAS. APPLICATION FILED NOV. 3, 1911.

19819455, Patented Dec. 16, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

QQ THM" il l l E. P. LLOYD. METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR WASHING AND COOLINGV GAS.

V APPLwAToN FILED Nov. s, 1911.

1,014550 Patented Dec. 16, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WTE@ SE@ laghlll narfnsr a'. 1.1.9210, on DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

METHOD 0F AND APPARATUS FOR WASHING AND COOLING GAS.

Specification of Letters Patent. Application led November'3, 1911. Serial No.

-lPatented Dec. i6, 11913..` 658,316.

To all whom it may concern.'

Beit known t-hat I, ERNEST F.y LLOYD, Aa citizen of the United States of America, residin at Detroit, in the'county of Wayne and tate of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of and Apparatus for Washing and Cooling Gas, ofwhich the following is a specication, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to a process or method of washing and cooling gas manufactured for illuminating and heating purposes, whereb it is `freed from impurities by mechanica arrest or by absorption and whereby at the same time the temperature of the gas is gradually lowered to thedesired point without any shock or variation that tends to throw down or remove those hydro-carbons and like constituents which it is desired to retain in the gas.

in general the process or method consists in first passing a current of gas through a stream of washing liquor of lower temperature than the gas, moving in the opposite direction thereto, so that they separate at substantially the same temperatures. ,At the point of separation, the gas and liquor from which the impurities carried 4along from the gas by the liquor have been trapped, are then passed through each otherl in the same direction andthe temperature' of the commingled iuids is gradually reduced from t-he point of reunion to the desired degree at the point of final separation. This method is carried out wherein the ggas is caused to pass upwardly through and around successive baffles or scrubbing grids against a washing liquor moving downwardly over the grids, and then downwardly through or past successive hollow baies, or cooling grids, moving in the same direction in intimate contact with the washing liquor, the 'latter being prefera-bly drawn from vand -returning to a receiving chamber that is common to the 4scrubbilig and cooling sections.

'In the process at hand, lgas' entering the apparatus at any temperature, meets fall-f ing liquor :warmed toa slightly lower de gree, and rising through thesc'rubbing bafiies or grids encounters liquor somewhat cooler, keeping below; but approaching,Y the temperature of thefgas all'v the vway up through the rst chamber. The gas then descends through the cooling section at about.

lin an apparatus' lzle'over the top of the gridsl an upright division a pair of separated terial, does not reach A liquor inlet ,pipe

or .slightly higher temperature than the cooling grids which it encounters as determined by the temperature of the water or other cooling medium in the latter, and as 1t passes on in compan with the washing liquor, the grids are gra ually made cooler so that its temperature together with that of the liquor gradually falls as it approaches the point of exit. Thus not only lis the temperature of the gas reduced without such shock as would precipitate ingredients which 1t is desired to retain in the gas but eX- traneous matter is washed out and trapped 1n the receiving chamber for the liquor where it can be separated from the liquor by decantation or otherwise.

4lihe invention consists in the matters hereinafter set forth and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

in the drawings, Figure 1 is a view, partially in Eelevation and partially in section, of an apparat-11s adapted to carry out the p 'rocess or method that embodies the inventtlion; and lF ig. 2 is a view in transverse secion.

' As herein indicated as a preferred form of construction, a suitable casing is built up of successive sections l each divided by i wall 2 into a scrubbing chamber and cooling chamber. The division wall, which is preferably made up of sheets 'of suitable mathe top ofthe casing nor is providedwith apertures, but its lower end portions are adaptedto dip into the liquor contained in the receptacle forming [the bottom of the section for a water seal. indicated at 3, is placed Iconveniently to introduce liquor as desired. 2A series of grids 5 of any preferred type is arranged in sets over each vother to baille gas entering an -inlet 4f and cause it to intimatel thereceptacle common to the scrubbing and cooling section by a suitable pump 6, and discharges through a pipe/Z and spray noz- Preferably aninclined plate-9 with upturned margins il() dedects the liquor coming down the grids to the side of the scrubbing compartment so that it runs down an apron' or pipe 11 dipping into the liquor inthe base, thereby rventing any splashing or agitation. guitable defiectorplates 11 may be added to direct the liquor from the sides of the grids on to the plates 9.

y eommingle with liquordrawn from top of the cooling chamber.

are united the common The second or cooling compartment has a gas outlet indicated at 12 above which are series of hollow coolin baffles, pipe coils or grids 13 coupled toget er by suitable pipes 14 so that cooling liquid that enters the lower grid preferably passes from end to end through each grid and out o-f the upper grid. These pipes 14 may be within the compartment and form a part of the cooling surface, the outlet connections from the grids in one chamber being such, that the water or other cooling fluid employed is passed to the bottom o-f the next section ahead thus effecting the continuously gradual cooling of the gas and elimination of impurities.

Gas enters the cooling compartment over the top of the division wall from the scrubbing compartment and passes down over the hollow cooled grids 13 together with liquor raised from the receptacle common to the scrubbing and cooling chambers and sprayed through suitable nozzles 15 intothe The falling liquor is again preferably diverted by an inclined board and 'defiecting plates quickly settles into the base, as in the scrubbing chamber. `Gas which passes through the outlet 12 may, if desired, be drawn into a second inlet 18 of the scrubbing compartment of a second section anjd pass in a similar manner to an outlet 19 of the cooling compartment of said latter section through Isimilar scrubbing grids 20 and down over cooling grids, encountering liquor sprayed through nozzles 22 and 28 and so on through as many sections as may be desirable' or the gas may pass through openings in the partition at a suitable place.

division wallsepamade of two plates does not reach to the bottom of the section or has in it a suitable opening for the passage of liquor .and the other 'of which has an opening arranged to form a water seal between the two sections, the liquor in the base of one of the rating them is preferabl 24 and 25 one of 4whic sections falling over into the next section and thence onward, finally leavin athe apparatus in the sgction from which t e purified and cold gas escapes. Or in apparatus where it is not desired to have an exterior gas connection as by the outlet 12 and inlet 18, a gasway may be made by a suitable opening through the plate 24, or both gas and liquor ways may be external.

lBy this form of apparatus and by this process the gas while at its warmest point comes into contact with liquor at temprature slightly lower, so that it is not chilled violently and so that the precipitated heavy hydro-carbons do not continue in contact with the gas at further lowering temperatures. Thereafter dthey gas is gradually brought' to the desired temperature together with the liquor with such slight disturbance 17 andJ Where two sections` that none ofthe desirable constituents of the gas are thrown down. At the same time any excess of naphthalene above the temperature saturation is precipitated on the cooling grids whence it is washed down .by the sprayed liquor into the liquor receptacle in the base. The liquor for effecting the washing and principal transmission of heat from the gas to grids is principally derived from the precipitation of the aqueous vapors in the gas and as this liquor progresses to the succeeding sections, the gas is progressively washed with same liquor of a lowered temperature.

' The whole apparat-us is thus self contained, the processes of washing the gas, cooling the liquor, removing excess naphthalene and decanting the tars, etc., are concurrent, the temperature reduction of the gas is gradual and uniform because the liquor in contact with the gas governs the gas temerature and is less rapidly affected than would be the gas alone; the transference of heat from the gas to the liquor and from the latter to the cooling water in the coils is more rapid than when the foul gas is cooled direct and the scrubbing and cooling surface are continuously kept in cleaned and efficient condition by the washing of the liquor from which the precipitated soots, tars, naphthalene, etc., are removed through the medium of the receiving chamber. As `provi sion may be and usually is made for introducing extra cooling liquid int-o the grids, their temperatures may be accurately regulated to obtain the desired result.

Obviously,

changes 1n the details of construction may be made without depart-ing from the spirit of the invention and I do not care to limit myself to any particular form or arrangement of parts'.

What I claim is 1. A method of washing and cooling gas which consists in bringing the gas and a washing liquor of lower temperature to substantially lthe same them through a scrubber and through each other in opposite directions and in then passing them together through'a cooler in the same direction and gradually lowering the temperature of the confluent fluids from thepoint of reunion to the desired degree at the point of inalseparation.

2. A method of washing and cooling gas which consists in bringing the gas and a washing liquor of lower temperature to substantially the same temperature by passing them through a scrubber and through each other in opposite directions and in trapping a cooler in the same direction 4and gradually temperature by passing the cooling water within the an increasing strength of the` lowering the temperature of the conuent fluids from the sired degree at the 3. A method of point of reunion to the depoint of final separation. washing and cooling gas which consists in bringing gas and a wash- 5 ing liquor of lower temperature to substantially the same temperature by passing them through a scrubber and through each other in opposite directions and baflling the intermingling fiuids to trap and remove impuri- 0 ties therefrom, and in then passing the washed gas and decanted liquor together through a cooler in the same direction and gradually lowering the temperature of the confluent fiuids from the point of union to the desired degree at the point of final separation.

4. A method of washing and cooling gas which consists in bringing the gas and a washing liquor of lower temperature to substantially the same temperature by passing them through a scrubber and through each other in opposite directions and baffling the intermingling fiuidsito trap and remove impui-ities therefrom, and in then passing the washed gas and deeanted liquor together through a cooler in the same direction, and in baffling the confluent fluids by means adapted to gradually lower the temperature thereof from thepoint of union to they desired degree at the point f final separation.

5. Apparatus for washing' and cooling gas comprising means for passing gas and a washing liquor through each other in opposite directions, a cooler, means for-passing them together through the cooler While moving in the same direction, and means for gradually reducing the temperature of the confluent fluids from the point of union to the, required degree at the point of final separation.

6. Apparatus for washing and cooling gas comprising means for passing oppositely moving currents of gas and washing liquor through each other, a cooler, means for passing them together through the cooler while moving in the/same direction, means for removing impurities by decantam tion from the liquor at each period of separation from the gas, anl means for gradually reducing the temperature of the corifiueiit fiuids from the point of union to the required degree at the point of fiuid separation.

7. Apparatus for washing and cooling gas comprising means for passing gas and a washing liquor through each other in opposite directions, means for decanting the used liquor, a cooler', means for passing the gas and purified liquor through the cooler while moving in the same direction, means for removing impurities by decantation from the reused liquor, and means for gradually re ducing the temperature of the confiuent fiuids from the point of union to the desired degree at the point of final separation.

8. Apparatus for Washing and cooling gas comprising means for causing'a current of gas to fiow constantly in one direction, a washing liquor receiving chamber, means for passing liquor from the chamber to the chamber through the gas in opposite direction to the flow of the latter, means for pass-- ing liquor from the chamber to aichamber through which the current of washed gas lis caused to pass in the same direction as the fiow of the liquor, and means for graduallyreducing the temperature of the oo nluent fiuids from the point of union to the desired degree at the point of final separation.

9. Apparatus for Washing. and cooling gas comprising means for passing gas and a washing liquor through each other in opposite directions, a receiving chamber for the liquor, means for baf'liing the opposed fluids and trapping impurities carried out by the liquor in the chamber, a cooler, means for passing the liquor and washed gas through the cooler in the same direction, and means for bafiiing the confiuent fluids and trap ping/impurities therefrom in the chamber, constructed to gradually reduce the temperature of the confluent fiuids from the point of union to the desired degree at the point of final separation.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ERNEST l?. LLGYD, Witnesses z ANNA M. Donn, @rre F. BARTHEL.