US1080528A

US1080528A - Optical projecting apparatus.

Info

Publication number: US1080528A
Application number: US71476712A
Authority: US
Inventors: Graziano Appiani
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1912-08-13
Filing date: 1912-08-13
Publication date: 1913-12-09
Anticipated expiration: 1930-12-09

Description

G. APPIAN I.

OPTICAL PBOJEOTING APPARATUS.

APPLIOATION FILED AUG. 13, 1912.

1 ,080, 528. Patented Dec. 9, 1913.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

, GRAZIANO ALPZPIANI, F TREVISO, ITALY.

OPTICAL PROJEG'IING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 9, 1913.

Application filed August 13, 1912. .Serial No. 714,767.

To-all whom it mag concern Be it known that I, GnAzIANo APPIANI,

' subject of the King-cf Italy,.residing at Treviso, Italy, have invented new and usetul Improvements. in Optical Projecting A -presult in its combustion. These vessels are ordinarily composed of small cases or boxes 'orof transparent bottles. The water, or

other liquid contained in such vessels evaporates comparatively readily, which affects the regularity of theoperation of the kinematographic apparatus, and it has consequentlybeen proposed to employ apparatus whereby the gradual heating of the water'or. other .liquid "imparts to the liquid itself in continuous ascending; and descending move ment between such vessels and a vessel ar-- ranged at a higher level and. connected thereto by tubes, and by reason of which the liquid in the transparent cooling action.

Hitherto the connecting tubes between the vessel undergoes a transparent vessel and the vessel at a higher level to which same isconnected have been 1 situated so as to. project into the part of the transparent vessel which is interposed between thelamp of the .kinematographic apparatus and the film the picture on which is to be proiected on. the screen, thatis to say in the path of travel of the rays oflight for projecting such picture, and although said tubes are of glass they present such an obstacle as to materially affect the perfect projection of the pictures on the screen. The relative positions of the two vessels and the connections between same have further been such as to materially impede the circulation of liquid between them and also to give rise to ancbullition of the liquid within the portion of the transparent vessel through which the rays of light pass and so further impair the perfection of the pictures projected thereby from the film bearing means on to the screen. According to the present invention I avoid these disadvantages and I make the connections between the transparent vessel and the vessel with which the circulation of liquid is to be maintained so that the tubes employed do not project into the part of the transparent vessel through which the rays of light for the projection of the picture on to the filmpass, While the liquid occurs in the transparent vessel.

Figure 1 ot the accompanying drawlng 1s a transverse sectlonv of asuitable form of apparatus. for carrying the invention into eflfect.

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic sectional view showing the kinematograph. apparatus with the device in position.

Above a transparent vessel a of any form, a second vessel 1) is arranged. This second vessel may form one with the first vessel, or be simply arrangedabove it. Communication between the two vessels is established by means of two tubes 0' and g. The tube 0, of glass, metal or any other suitable material, the lower extremity d of which is situated at the upper part of the lower transparent vessel,. passes through a stopper e, .of india rubber, cork, or other suitable material, which closes the opening of vessel a, projects. through an opening in the upper vessel 1) and at its upper extremity f terminates at the highest part. otthe upper vessel b.

The other tube- 9-, which alsov passes through the stopper 6,. oh the opening in the vessel 1),. has its lower extremity 72, situated ,a little-below the lower extremity d of the tube 0;. and its upper extremity 2' only circulation of liquid between the vessels is p in no way impeded and no ebullition of the attains or slightly exceeds the upper surface ofthe stopper 6.

It is apparent that when the water or other liquid contained in the vessel a becomes heated, by a physical law it ascends through the tube 0 and enters the upper vessel 1), where the temperature is naturally lower, and whence, consequently, a corresponding quantity of cooler liquid descends by tube 9 into the vessel 0,. A continuous circulation is thus established of warmer liquid which ascends from the lower transvessel (1.

The cooling of the liquid in the trans parent lower vessel a will naturally be the more rapid the larger the upper vessel 1) is made in proportion to the lower vessel a;

by these means the result is attained of always keeping the vessel filled with water or other liquid which serves as a shield against heat between the condensing lens and the film, at such a temperature that the inconveniences hereinbefore indicated are avoided, that is to say the necessity of changing the said vessels or the liquid which they contain, on account of the evaporation which, without the use of the present apparatus, will occur in said vessels. The result therefore is attained of employing vessels which it is neither necessary to change nor to replace the liquid which they contain. The danger of confiagration or of damage to the films is thus avoided, by keeping cool the projecting apparatus, which becoming heated often occasions the ignition of the films, and consequently results in a confiagration. The bottle may not only fulfil the function of a shield against heat between the lenses and the projecting apparatus, but it might also at the same time act both as the lens and the protecting shield against heat between the lantern,.the light and the projecting apparatus.

As the tubes 0 and 9 only extend into the upper when in use is arranged so that only its lower portion is interposed between the condensing lens of the kinematographic apparatus and the film bearing the picture to be projected on the screen, said tubes will offer no obstacle to the free passage of light through the vessel and the projection of the picture will consequently be in no way impaired.

If desired .ice or other refrigerating agent might be placed in the upper vessel, or such upper vessel be constantly maintained cool by any of the known refrigerating means; which could not be effected in the lower Ves sel, without great difliculty, for this latter must necessarily be kept perfectly transparent.

Fig. 2 of the accompanying drawing illustrates the manner in which the bottle awith the upper vessel 12 may be arranged in front of the'boxm containing the lantern and the light condensing lens. Said bottle which as usual serves asa transparent protector against heat for the apparatus 02 in which the film unwinds, may be supported by a bracket 0 and'a support 1).

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In apparatus of the class described, in

ortion of the vessel a and the latter combination, a transparent vessel adapted to be positioned between the source of light of a kinematograph and the film, a vessel positioned at a higher level than said transparent vessel and tubes extending between said vessels whereby liquid contained within said vessels may circulate, the ends of the tubes which extend within said transparent vessel being positioned out of the path of the rays of light which pass from the source of light to the film.

2. In apparatus of the class described, in combination, a transparent Vessel adapted to be positioned between the source of light of a kinematograph and the film, a vessel positioned at a higher level than said transparent vessel and tubes extending between said vessels whereby liquid contained within said vessels may circulate, the ends of the tubes which extend within said transparent vessel terminating in the upper part thereof, whereby said tubes will be ositioned out of the path of the rays of liglit which pass from the source of light to the film.

3. In apparatus .of the class described, in combination, a transparent vessel adapted to be positioned between the source oflight of a kinematograph and the film, avessel positioned directlyabove said transparent vessel and tubes extending between said vessels whereby liquid contained within said ves-. sels may circulate, the ends of the tubes which extend within said transparent vessel being positioned out of the path of the rays of light which pass from the source of light to the film.

4. In apparatus of the class described, in

combination, a transparent vessel adapted to be positioned between the source of light of a kinematograph and the film, a vessel positioned at a higher level than said transparent vessel and tubes extending between said vessels whereby liquid contained within said vessels may circulate, said tubes being straight throughout their length, the ends of the tubes which extend within said transparent vessel being positioned out of the path of the rays of light which pass from the source of light to the film.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

GRAZIANO APPIANI. [L.s.]

Witnesses:

. BURNS MANNING,

GUY ADJULU MANNING.