US1078895A

US1078895A - Plug for well-casings.

Info

Publication number: US1078895A
Application number: US66120711A
Authority: US
Inventors: Reuben C Baker
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1911-11-20
Filing date: 1911-11-20
Publication date: 1913-11-18
Anticipated expiration: 1930-11-18

Description

R. G. BAKER.

PLUG FOR WELL GASINGS.

APPLIUATION FILED Nov. zo. 1911.

Patented N 0V. 18, 1913.

Inventor Witnesses TREUBEN C. Bannon contraten, 'CALIFORNIA'.

4PLUG ron -wEnL-cmsmes.

'Speci-cation 'ofiL'ecters' Patent.

PatentedNov. A18, 1913s applica/cimmed' November 2o, i911. seria11vo.ee1,2o7.

To all fio/1,0m it may concern Be itfknown that I, REUBEN C. BAKER, a citizen of the 'United States, residing at Coalinga, in the county of Fresno and State of California, haveinvented a new and usefulPlug for Well-Casings, of which the following isa specification. l

This invention relates to plugs rfor deep well easings, 'and has for its primary object to provide means for plugging the lower end of the well casing for the lower end of the wellto shut out or eXclude water and other foreigumatter from thelower strata.

It is -a vfurther object to provide a suitable plug which may be passed down the well easing after lthe casing has been inserted into the well and upon theplug-reaching the lowerend of the casing is adapted to be engaged thereto to close the lower end of the casing.

To the above ends this invention is enibodiedfin the novel construction and combination of parts as hereinafter described and claimed, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, wherein- Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of the pluggishowing the same inposition as it is being lowered down .the well casing. Fig. 2 is aperspective view of lthe plug, a lfragmental portion of the 4well casing being shown. Fig. Sis aview similar to Fig. 1 showing the plug in position at the'bottom of the well casing after the well casing has been depressed into the cement atthe lower end of the well. Fig =4 is a section on the line 44 of Fig. l1.

Referring in detail to the drawing, the well casing has been designatedby the referencel character 'P and the wellby the reference character W.

The plug comprises a -hollow body embodying a conical top 12 having perforations 13 therein, and an inverted conical bottorn 7 having the apex thereof openas designated .by the numeral 8, a perforatedpartition 24 above the bottom having ,perforations 25 therein, and atapered intervening throat 6 with the-smallest end uppermost,

the body having diametrically o posed.

openings or slots 27 in the sides lhereof above they throat `and the saidthroat forming shoulders -26 and 28 at the upper and lower .endsthereof respectively. A stem 10 is slidable through the top of the body and through the partition 24 'and extends through the opening 8, and on the lower end thereof is screw threaded an inverted conical valve 9 whichis adapted tvo-seat-in the opening 8 -to close the said opening, and

when so seated coperates with the'bottom 7 to present an inverted conical bottom for the plug. A pair of collars 22 and 1 8 are secured on the stem 10 within the body of the plug, and -a coil compression spring is arranged on the stern between thepartition 24 -and the lowerinost Collarv 22 to give an upward tension to the stem. Dogs orpawls 21 are pivoted in the openings 27 in the upper end 5 of the body by pins 20 and have the outer ends thereof eccentric with the pins 20 and toothed and have inwardly projeeting tin-gers 19 adapted to rest on the uppermost collar 18 when the stem is depressed to retain the dogs in inactive or retracted position. The stem 10 is normally retained in depressed position bya cast iron or other fragile pin 17 passed therethrough in the top of the body, the said pin being of sufficient strength to overcome the tension ol' the spring 23. The stem 10 is provided with an eye 11 at the upper' end thereof for the at-y tachment of -a suitableline Afor the purpose hereinafter described. A split ring or spreader' 14 is arranged on the throat 6 and has an upper'and outer rabbet 16. A plurality of screws 15 are engagedthrough the said ring or spreader to engage in the'longitudinal slots 18 in the throat G to constrain the ring against rotation. The ring 14 is constructed of spring metal and is'slidable on the throat 6 between the shoulders 96 and 28.

In use, it being understood that cement, concrete, or other solidifying matter having been previously poured into the bottom of the well as designated by the reference character C and the well casing having been loweredY into the well atajpoint slightly above the cement or concrete therein, the plug is inserted into the upper end of the well casing, the spreader orfring 14 having been compressed within the casngto have an outer tension. The plug is then lowered down the well casing'by a suitable means such as are employed for lowering drill bits and the like into deep wells, a line of suitable characterrbeing attached to the eye 11 of the stem 10. Upon the plug reaching the lower end of the well casing the ring or annular spreader 14 which is seated against the shoulder 28 uponthe plug passing down the well casing, spreads to engage the lower end the openings 27 to bite or engage the walls of the well Casing, thereby preventing the plug from dropping out the lower end of the casing, the plug by the upward pull of the line attached to the stem being drawn upward to bring the shoulder 26 a ainst the ring or sprea er 14 thereby secure y closmg the lower end of the casing. Invthis manner .the plug is secured to the lower end'of the casing and by depressing the well casing into the cement C in the bottom of the well, the cement is spread thereby to firmly embed the lower end of the well casing 1n the cement to exclude or shut out water and other foreign matter from the lower strata of the well. It will be noted that upon the plug being lowered down the well casing and the valve 9 being open permits the water and other liquids in the well to pass through the opening 8, apertures 25 and the apertures 13 in the body to permit the plug to pass readily down the casing, and the fingers 19 in engaging the collar 28 retain the dogs or pawls 21 in inactive position. Thus upon `the pluO' being engaged to the lower end of the well casing and the valve 9 being closed and upon the well casing being depressed into -the cement a substantial support for the well casing is provided after the concrete or similar matter solidiesand also eii'ectively excludes the ingress of water and other foreign matter from the well as above described.

This invention is particularly adapted for use in oil wells, gas wells and the like, especially those of considerable depth, where it is necessary or desirable to shut out the water and other matter from the lower strata of the well, and it will be seen that this plug is both eiiicient and convenient in its use. This invention also provides means for sealing the lower end 0f the Well casing with a comparatively small amount of cement or concrete, thus preventing the waste which accrues from methods now employed for thispurpose.

A plug constructed in accordance with the' present invention is comparatively simple and thereby rendered inexpensive to manufact-ure.

A further feature of the present invention is the factthat the throat 6 in being tapered permits the said throat to spread the ring 8, the said valve being held open 14 after the same has been engaged with the lower end of t-he well and upon the plug being raised by the line attached to the stem 10 to securely bind the said ring against the lower end of the well casing and to also provide a secure joint between the body o-f the' plug and the said ring.

It is further understood that this invention is susceptible of alteration in its details within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention.

What is claimed is j 1. In a plug for well casings, a body adapted to pass down the well casing, and expansible means carried thereby and adapted to fit slidably and compressibly in the casing so as to expand and engage the lower end of the casing, when the body reaches the lower end of the casing.

2. In a plug for well casings, a plug body adapted to pass down a well casing, and a spreader carried thereby and adapted to lit slidably and compressibly in the casing so as to expand and engage the lower end of the casing when the body reaches the lower end of the casing.

3. In a plug for well casings, a body adapted to pass down the well casing, and an expansible split ring carried thereby and adapted to t slidably and compressibly in the casing so as to expand and engage .the lower end of the casing, when the body reaches the lower end of the casing.

4. In a plug orwell casings, a hollow body adapted to pass down a well casing and provlded with means for engaging the casing, a valve for the said body, and means for closing the said valve on the body being engaged to the well casing.

5. In a plug for well casings, a hollow body adapted to pass down a well casing and provided with means to engage the casing, a stem slidable through thel body and a valve secured on the lower end of the stem adapted to close the passage through the said body.

6. In a plug for well casings, Va hollow body adapted to pass downv a well casing and provided with means for engaging the casing, a spring pressed stem slidable through the body, a valve secured on the lower end of the said-stem adapted to close the passage through the body, and, means for normally holding the valve in open position.

7. In a plug for well casings, a body adapted to pass down a well casing and provided with means for engaging the casing, a stemslidable through the body, means for normally holding the stem against upward movement, and dogs carried by the body to engage the walls of the casing but normally held in inactive position by the said stem.

8. A plug for well casings comprising a hollow body embodying a perforated conical top, an inverted conical bottom having the apex open, a perforated partition above the bottom, and a tapered intervening throat with its smallest end uppermost, the body having openings in its si es above the said throat, a stem slidable through the said top and partition, and extending through the openlng in the bottom, an inverted conical valve secured on the lower end of the said stem and adapted to seat in the opening in the bottom, a pair of collars on the said stem above the partition, a coiled compression spring on the stem between the partition andthe lowermost collar, dogs pivoted" in the openin s in the upper end of the body andy having inwardly projecting fingers adapted to rest on the uppermost colar to retain the dogs in inactive position, a fragile pin for retaining the stem in depressed position, and an expandible ring on the said throat adapted to engage the well casing.

9. A plug for well casings, embodying a body adapted to pass down a well casing, means carried thereby for engaging the lower end of the casing, to prevent the upward movement of the body, means carried by the body for engaging the well casing to lock the body against downward movement, and means for normally holding the latter means in inoperative position and for permitting the same to engage the casing when the former has engaged the lower end of the easing.

10. In a plug for well casings, a body adapted to pass down a well casing, and an eXpansible ring carried thereby having an upper rabbet to engage the lower end of the casing.

l1. In a plug for wellv casings, a body adapted to pass down a well casing, dogs pivoted to the body and adapted to engage the well casing when free, the dogs having fingers, a stem slidable'through the body having means to engage the said fingers so as to normally retain the dogs in inoperative position, and means for normally holding the stem against movement so as to retain the dogs in inoperative position.

12. In a plug for well casings, a body adapted to pass down a well casing and having a passage therethrough, well casing engaging means carried by the body, means carried by the body for closing the passage therethrough, and means for normally retaining the latter means in open position.

13. In a plug for well casings, a body adapted to pass down a well casing and havlng a passage therethrough, well casing engaging means carried by the body, spring actuated means carried by the body for closing the passage therethrough, and means for normally detaining the latter means in open position against the tension thereof.

14. In a plug for well casings, a body adapted to pass down a well casing and having a passage therethrough, well casing engaglng means carried by the body, a spring pressed valve carried by the body for closing the passage therethrough, and means for normally retainin the valve in open position against the tenslon thereof.

15. In a plug for well casings, a body adapted to pass down a well casing and having a passage therethrough, a stem slidable through the body, a valve on the stem for closing the passage through the body, and a fragile member carried by the body and engaglng the stem to normally retain the valve in open position.

16. In a plug for well casings, a hollow body includlng a bottom provided with an opening and having a perforated partition above the bottom, a stem slidable through the partition and assing through the said opening, and a va ve on the lower end of the stem to close the said opening.

17. In a lug for well casings, a hollow body includmg a bottom provided with an opening and having a perforated partition above the bottom, a stem slidable through the partition and passing through the said opening, a valve on the lower end of the stem to close the said opening, a spring between the stem and partition tending to close the valve, and means for normally retaining the stem against the tension of the said spring so as to hold the valve open.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto affixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

REUBEN C. BAKER. wWitnesses:

C. W. HUTCHIsoN, J. A'. STEELE.