US1076502A

US1076502A - Pump for supplying fuel to internal-combustion engines.

Info

Publication number: US1076502A
Application number: US67677412A
Authority: US
Inventors: Hermann Lemp
Original assignee: General Electric Co
Current assignee: General Electric Co
Publication date: 1913-10-21
Anticipated expiration: 1930-10-21

Description

Patented Oct. 21, 1913.

2 SHEBTSSHEET 1.

FEB

\ .x l l f 1 Inventor- Hermann Lem His .flttorne y.

H. LEMP. JUMP FOR SUPPLYING FUEL T0 INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 10,1912.

I4 T\ iii" 5?- 20 aw Vl itnessew H. LEMP. PUMP EOE SUPPLZING FUEL T0 INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES. APPLICATION FILED FEBJO, 1912.

Patented 0011.21, 1913.

InventO Hrmann Lem Witness e5. F g.7

To 6435 wit m may concern."

Be it known that lalnnrninn LEM??? a citizen ofthe Unit 0. States, residing at Lynn, county of Essex, State of l lassachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pumps for Supplying Fuel to llnternal-Combustion Engines of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to pumps for supplying fuel to internal combustion engines and more especially to that type of engine wherein the action of the, piston causes a sufiiciently high temperature of the air compressed in the cylinder to fire the fuel char -e when it is admitted under the control 0 a suitable valve, the fuel being commonly introduced. into the cylinder space by compressed air, the pressure of which is greater than that of the compression pressure.

The object of my invention is to improve the construction and the reliability of operation of such pumps.

For consideration of what I believe to be novel and my invention, attention is directed to the accompanying description and claims appended thereto.

lln the accompanying drawings Which illustrate one of the embodiments of my invention Figur 1 is a partial view in elevation of an internal combustion engine fitted with my improved Quinn mechanism; Fig. 2 is a detail view illustrating the means for adjusting the fulcrum of the pump lever; Fig. 3 is a view partially in section and partially in elevation of a displacement pump; Fig. d is a section taken on the line eet of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a section on an enlarged scale through the fulcrum means of the pump levers; Fig. is a detail view of a sliding block which carries the fulcrum of the pump actuating lever; 7 is a detail view of a governor actuated slide, and Fin". 8 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the pump.

1 indicates the head of the cylinder of an internal combustion engine. The engine may have one or more cylinders as desired. lin the present instance it is supposed to have four.

2 indicates an upright shaft that is driven v the in per end of o a on 3 of any suitahie construction. vided with a sliding collar is moved by the weights of a governor in accordance with changes in speed of the engine. This collar is arranged to move the governor lever 5 about its fixed pivot 6.

Mounted on the shaft 2 is a gear 7 shown in dotted lines which meshes with a gehr 8 also shown in dotted lines. These gears are inclosed in a suitable housing 9. The gear 8 is mounted on the shaft 10 which actuates the valves of the engine through'suitable means such as cams and levers in the ordi- The shaft is carried by nary manner. brackets 11 bolted to the side of the engine. @n the end of the cam shaft is an eccentric 12 that is surrounded by an eccentric strap which is connected to the eccentric rod 13 The lower end of the eccentric rod is attached to one end of the pump actuating lever 14;. The other end of this lever is connected by links 15 to the pump cross-head 16, the lever being provided with a fulcrum 17 which is mounted in two sliding blocks 18, said blocks being located on opposite sides of the lever 1 so as to equalize the strains. The blocks 18 are located between vertically extending guides 19 which are formed in the downwardly extending members 20 of a casting 21 which is secured to one or" the brackets 11.

22 indicates a governor actuated slide that is arranged to move to and fro under the control of the speed governor. To this end, links 23 and 2e are provided that are pivotally connected on their right-hand ends to the slide and on their left-hand ends to the arms and 26. The reason for employing two of these arms is to cause simultaneous and corresponding movements of the governor actuated slides 22. The arms are carried by a spindle 27 to which is attached the lever 28. The free end of this lever is connected by an adjustable rod 29 with th governor actuated lever Each of the governor actuated slides is rectangular in shape and is moi-vernents by at h-le gu des 1 formed in the inemhcrs 20' and in the pl te 80' connecting t is pro guided in its to raise the plunger.

the members as best shown inlTig. 5. The slide is also provided with a diagonally arranged recess 31, the upper and lower surfaces of which are shaped to receive the fulcrum adjusting and carrying block 18. It is to be noted that the block is capable of moving vertically within the guides 19, and that the motion of the governor actuated slide is at right angles to that of the block. Owing to the diagonal recess in the slide it follows that as the slide is moved from the position shown in Fig. 1 toward the left that the block will be raised and in so doing, change the position of the fulcrum 17 of the governor actuated lever 14. Since the eccentric rod 13 has an unvarying length of stroke, it follows that as the position of the fulcrum 17 is changed that the region of reciprocation of the cross-head 16 will change, the effect of which is to vary the effective discharge of the pumps actuated by the cross-head. 7

Referring to Figs. 3 and 4, the construction of the pump will be described. 16 indicates the cross-head which is connected to the governor actuated lever by the links 15. Actuated by the cross-head are as many pump plungers 32 as there are cylinders to the engine. Since each of these pumps is of the same construction, a description of one of them will be suficient. 33 indicates a fuel containing tank and located therein is a cylinder 34 having an enlarged head 35 which is seated in the tubular projection 36 formed on the underside of the tank, said cylinder being held in place by the nut 37. Formed in the side walls of the pump are one or more ports 38, four being shown in the illustration through which oil enters the cylinder from the tank when the plunger 32 is in the raised position. As shown, the plunger is at the limit of its downward stroke. Surrounding the cylinder is a coiled compression spring 39 that tends at all times The spring engages the nut 37 at the bottom and a collar 40 on the plunger at the top. By reason of the construction just described, 1 am able to do away with suction valves and at the same time insure a pro} ,1 supply of fuel to the pump cylinders at all times. il indicates a discharge valve which is normally held against its seat by the compression spring 42, that is contained in the screw-threaded plug 43. 44 indicates a pipe for conveying fuel from the cylinder to one of the engine cylinders, it being understood that each pump is similarly provided with a discharge pipe. in order to guide the movements of the cross-head 16, rods 45 are provided that enter tubular members or posts 46 that are open at their lower ends and are also screwthreaded to the base of the tank. In order to insure a constant head of oil in the tank, a fioat 47 is provided that is located in the float chamber a8 which is in open communication with the tank. This float is suitably guided in its vertical movements by a rod 19. Situated above the rod is a ball valve 50 that opens toward the float chamber and permits oil to enter the chamber from the pipe v51 when it is open. When the valve is raised as shown in the drawing, the supply of fuel from the pipe 51 is cut off.

W hen the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 1, the pump plungers are working with maximum effect; that is to say, each pump is delivering a full supply of fuel because the fulcrum 17 of the pump lever is at its lowest point. If new the speed of the engine increases the governor will move the free end of the lever 5 upward, and in so doing cause the

arms

25, 26 and links 23, 24: to move the slides 22 to the left, thereby raising the fulcrum adjusting and carrying plug 18. Since the eccentric rod 13 has a constant length of stroke and since the fulcrum 17 has been raised, it follows that the pump plungers while having the same length of stroke will be vibrating or moving in a higher region than before and hence do not extend as far into the cylinders as before which means that less fuel will be discharged on each pump stroke. Each time a pump plunger uncovers its ports 38 fuel will flow into the cylinder and it is evident that if the plunger does .not descend to the same low point shown in Fig. 41 less fuel will be forced through the spring pressed discharge valve 41.

From the foregoing it will be seen that the pumps have a constant region of reciprocation and that their effective delivery changes with changes in position of the fulcrum 17 as determined by governor actuated slide. Assuming an intermedi.

ate position of the fulcrum 17 and an increase in load on the engine causing a decrease in speed of the governor actuated lever 5 acting through the

arms

25, 26 and

links

23, 24 will move the governor actuated slides 22 to the right, thereby lowering the position of the fulcrum 17 and increasing the effective delivery of the pumps until the amount of fuel discharged to the engine balances the load.

The structure described has the advantage of being simple and rugged requiring only ordinary machine work and avoiding the use of especially well fitted parts.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, 1 have described the principle of operation of my invention, together with the apparatus which 1 now consider to represent i'he'bcst embodiment thereof; but I desire to have it understood note-nos that'the apparatus shown is only illustrative, and that the invention can be carried out by other means.

What I claim as new and. desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is:

1. An internal combustion engine in combination with a d splacement pump for supplying fuel thereto comprising a working cylinder, a. port therein through which fuel enters it, a discharge valve, a plunger in the cylinder which covers and uncovers the port, a vibratory lever which is pivctally attached to the plunger for actuating it, means for imparting a stroke of constant length in an unvarying region to one end of the lever, a fulcrum for the lever in fixed relation thereto, and a governor driven by the engine for changing, the position of the fulcrum to cause the plunger to vary its travelwith respect to the inlet port.

2. An internal combustion engine in combination with a pump for supplying fuel thereto comprising a. working cylinder, an inlet port in the side of the cylinder, a discharge valve, a plunger reciprocating in the cylinder which has a constant length of stroke but variable region of operation and covers and uncovers the port, a lever connected to the plunger, a fulcrum for the lever in fixed relation thereto, a means carrying the fulcrum, and a governor driven by the engine for changing the position of the means in accordance wit-h the load on the engine to change the region of reciprocation of the plunger with respect to the inlet port.

8. An internal combustion engine in combination with a pump for supplying fuel thereto, comprising a working cylinder with an inlet port in the side of the cylinder, a discharge valve, a plunger reciprocating in the cylinder Which has a constant length of stroke but variable region of operation, a lever pivotally connected at one end to the plunger, a driving means for imparting a vibratory movement to the lever of constant amount in a fixed region, a fulcrum for the lever, a sliding block that carries the fulcrum, a guide for the block, and a governor driven by the engine for changing the position of the block to change the region of vibration of the plunger with'respect to the inlet port.

4. An internal combustion engine in combination with a pump for supplying fuel thereto, comprising a working cylinder, an inlet port in the side of the cylinder, a discharge valve, a plunger reciprocating in the cylinder which has a constant length of stroke but variable region of operation, a lever connected to the plunger for actuating it, a fulcrum for the lever, a sliding block which carries the fulcrum, means for hold ing the block against lateral movement, a slide which carries the block and moves it in said means, and a governor driven by the engine for adjusting the slide longitudinally. v

5. An internal combustion engine in combination with a pump for supplying fuel thereto comprising a cylinder and a plunger reciprocating therein which has a constant length of stroke but variable region of oporation, a lever connected to the plunger for actuating it, a fulcrum for the lever, a sliding block which carries the fulcrum, a slide which moves in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the block and carries the same, and a governor driven by the engine for reciprocating the slide.

6. An internal combustion engine, in combination with a pump comprising a cylinder and a reciprocating plunger therein having an unvariable length of stroke, a lever connected to the plunger, a driving means for. the lever having a constant length of stroke, a fulcrum for the lever, a sliding block which carries the fulcrum, a guide for the block, a slotted slide in which the block is located, a guide for the slide that is perpendicular to that of the block, and means for reciprocating the slide to vary the region of reciprocation of the plunger.

7. An internal combustion engine, in combination with a pump comprising a cylinder and a reciprocating plunger therein having an unvariable length of stroke,'a lever connected to the plunger, a driving means for s governor driven by the enginewhich is connected to said means.

8. An internal combustion engine, in combination with a pump comprising a cylinder and a reciprocating plunger therein having an unvariable length of stroke, a lever connected to the plunger, a driving means for the lever having a constant length of stroke, a fulcrum for the lever, a sliding block which carries the fulcrum, a hanger through which the lever extends, a block that carries the fulcrum and is guided by the hanger, a slotted slide carrying the block which is supported and guided by the hanger and to which the thrust on the fulcrum is transmitted, a lever for reciprocating the slide, and a speed governor driven by the engine that is connected to the last named lever for moving it.

9. l n internal combustion engine, in combination with a pump comprising a cylinder having an inlet port in its Wall, a plunger that reciprocates' Within the cylinder, covers and uncovers the port and has a constant length of stroke but variable region of operation, a discharge valve, a pump actuating lever, a means for vibrating the lever over a constant arc length but variable region a fulcrum for the lever,'and means for varying the position of the fulcrum to nevesea change the efiective delivery of the pump by 10 changing the distance that it overtravels the inlet port.

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 8th dayvof February, 1912.

. HERMANN LEMP. Witnesses:

BENJAMIN B. HULL, HELEN ORFORD.