US1075545A - Explosive-engine. - Google Patents

Description

J. P. BUH'R.

BXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 7. 1911.

Patented Oct. 14, 1913.

c osses is. none; on Diem- 'I-iItICHF-HXN, Assinizon, BY nnsnn ASSIG-NMENTfS, To HERMAN'B. Jc'ssrnhisunn, 0F mussels, MICHIGAN.

EZPLKPSIVE-ENGINE.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that l, Josnen I3. BUHR, n citizen of the United States of America, rcsiding, at Detroit, in the county ollV-sync and State of iiiichigmnhave invented certnin new and useful improvements in plosi've-Engines, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying (ill-swings.

This invention relates to explosive engines, and more particularly to the double cylinder two-c cle type, and it has for one of its objects tl e provision of an engine of this class in which the. cylinder is scavenged or blown-ontsfter each explosion and before fresh is admitted into the cylinder.

The invention has, furthermore for its cl ject the provision of -positively-operated valve for controlling the flow of gas into either cylinder, the organization being such that the piston 01 one cylinder compresses the gas Charge for the other cylinder, the controlling valve being furthermore under the influence of a. governor.

Furtheobjects of the invention will hereinafter appear and be particularly defined in the claims.

The invention has lecn clearly illus' tvited in the accompanying drawings, in which similar chars. ters denote similar ports, and in which F 1 a frictional section, and illustrates the n'mnner zip; 'ing a vernor to the control-valve; and Fig, n. ioi'izontel section on line (i, 6 of Fu 1.

Briefly stated,- the coin is of too two cycle type and consists of :1 pair of cylin sot side l site and. ctmuected by egosinlet passage which is interrupted by it roterry valve in e. gas-receiving chamber from which it receives its supply under compression Instead of the usual way of permitting the compressed gas to enter the cylinder whenever the pressure in the cylinder has dropped enough to permit it, the gas is kept out of the cylinder until the latter has been scavenged by 21. How of fresh air which is also under compression established in he casing by the piston movement under the, influence 0% the explosion. The valve therefore positively driven and so ported that one cylinder compresses the gas to be used in the other cylinder. The 'gitSC0l11 pression chamber of the cylinders are also Specification of Blotters Patent.

Apolication filed February 7,1911. Serial No. 807,059.

connected by a direct passage which is normally shut-oil by the control-mlve, butthe letter only be raised by the governor, under excessive engine-speed, to open this passage so that the compressed gas, or at least a part of it, is simply pumped brick and forth without entering the explosion-chz11nhcr of either cylinder.

, Referring now to the drawings, 15, 16 are av pair of comprcssion-cylindcrs in which pistons mounted for reciprocation. The upper portions of the pistons are reduced in diameter, :is at 17, 18 and Lire prowi h suitable packing rings so as to col 'titutc piston heads 21, .22 for a. pair explosion cylinders 2 Qi'which are prefembly formed in one integral casting pro vided with cooling-jackets.

From the foregoing it will be seen, that each crank operates n difi'erential piston, the lower portion of which leaves on unnu lzzr chamber in the compression-cylinder, while the upper portion constitutes the aclive or working piston. As previously stated, the. working cylinder is scavenged by fresh air under a pressure which is established also by the piston, the latter being" cored out to form a clunnbcr A of considerable length and in open communication at its lower end with the crank chamber, so that when said piston moves upwerd, fresh air will be drawn into'thc crank chamber. During the return. or down-strol-re of the piston, this fresh air will be compressed in the crank chamber and also within a pipe 31 which opens its upper end into the top of the e losion cylinder 23, in uhich the force of the explosion is confined by a spring-arctic uted valve as will be readily understood. As the piston travels downward under the explosive force, the pressure naturally decreases, and when this pressure becomes less than that in the air pipe 31, fresh air will enter, the cylinder and finally blow out through the exhaust port 33, leaving the li de clean for the reception of a fresh supply of gas which, as has been stated above, is admitted under pressure established by the piston 18 of the other cylinder l6, and contained within the hollow body of at cylindrical valve 35 which is mounted in a valve chamber 36 and prelera-bly rotated, by gears 37, 38 in fixed ratio to the crank-shaft in any convenient munnor.

A supply-pipe has communication with the interiors of the compression-cylinders 15, 16 the gas being sucked in by the downward movement of the pistons. The upward'movement of the pistons compresses the gas within the cylinders as well as in channels 43, 44 (which lead into the valve chamber 36 above described) and also within the hollow valve 35, which has a peripheral inlet port 42, and an outlet port 45. During the rotation of the valve 35, the inlet port 42 is brought into register with the channels 43, 44 alternately, while the out-let port 45 communicates in a similar manner with conduits 47, 48 but only at a time when the inlet port 42 is closed and vice versa, the gas being confined under pressure within the valve shell 35 until the cylinder 23 has been scavenged in the manner above described, whereupon the outlet port 45 will admit this gas into the cylinder at a time when its exhaust port has again been substantially closed by the upward movement of the piston 21, so that therefor no waste of gas will occur. In other words: a predetermined quantity of gas is delivered into the engine cylinder each time for the reason that the valve 35 and its chamber,

36 constitute in a certain sense a measuring vessel of a certain capacity and containing gas under a certain compression, as caused by the piston-movement. Therefore, gas will enter the engine cylinder, until the pressures in cylinder and valve are equalized, whereupon the valve outlet-port is again shut 0d and the engine piston also shuts off the cylinder-end of the conduit 47. The same thing occurs in regard to the engine cylinder 24, the gas for which is compressed by the piston in the compression cylinder 15 of the other crank.

From the foregoing, it will be understood that the gas and air mixture is as near uniform in its character as it can be obtained, and also that the gas will not be released from its confined condition, until the engine cylinder has been exhausted and scavenged with fresh air, all in properly-timed relation.

Now, inasmuch as the conditions in the atmosphere are variable and therefore cannot help affecting the quality of themixture, means are provided whereby the amount of the hydrocarbon gas in the valve chamber and its valve may be set in accordance with these varying conditions, these means consisting of a device whereby the cubic-contents of the'measuring chamber, 2'. 6., the

valve chamber and its valve, may be increased or decreased, as is for instance illus trated in Fig. l, in which the valve chamber is provided with a false head 50 which may be adjusted vertically by a sleeve 51 through which the valve stem passes, and which is connected with an angle lever 52 fulcrumcd at, 53 and'adapted to be secured position on a segment 54. Furthermore, the valve. itself is adapted to be automatically moved longitudinally of its axis of rotation, in order to maintain the speed of the engine within certain bounds, by virtue of varying the compression of the gas, as follows The ports of the passages 43, 44 are in alinement horizontally, so that the lower edge of the valve may cooperate with the lower edges of these ports to establish more or less direct communication between the passages, in which case t -e gas which is being compressed by one piston may be permitted to pass, in part, into the compress10n-cham her for the other piston. Hence the gas within the valve and its chamber will be under diiferent states of compression and therefore its actual quantity is less when the valve is in its raised position (shown in Fig. 1) than it is in its closed-in position. In order to preserve proper relationship between the valve and its seat I prefer to cut horizontally-alined ports or slots 35' into the diametrically opposite sides of the valve so that the lower edge of the valvebody will always remain end-guided in its vertical movement, as controlled by a governor G which may be of any suitable or desired construction.

Many changes may be made in the particular construction and organization of some of the elements of my improved engine, with out departing from the spirit of the invention.

I claim:

1. In a gas engine, the combination with an engine cylinder, and a pressure-gas supply therefor, of ages-measuring device interposed between said cylinder and said supply, and comprising an inclosed chamber of predetermined capacity, and means for connecting said chamber with the gas-supply and said cylinder, alternately, and means for Iio aryingthereceiving capacity of said cham- 2. In a gas engine, the combination'with an engine cylinder, and a pressure-gas supply therefor, of a gas-measuring device interposed between said cylinder and said supply, and comprising an inclosed chamber of predetermined capacity, and means for connecting said chamber with the gas-supply and said cylinder alternately, and a' false head movable within said chamber for varying the receiving capacity of said chamber.

3. The combination with a pair of spaced cylinders, each comprising a working section and a gas-compressing section, of con duits for connecting the compression section of one cylinder with the working section of the other cylinder, and vice versa, and a device in both of said conduits for completing and interrupting the same alternately, a governor for moving said device to establlsh direct communication between said commesses 233 pressing sections for contnolling the amount interrupfiing the same alternately, and means 3,0 of gas passing through said device. for varying the receiving capacity of said 4%. The combinationcvith a pair of spaced device. cylinders, each comprising a Working section In testimony whereof I afiix'my signature and a gas-compressing section, of conduits in presence of two Witnesses. for connecting the compressing section of v JOSEPH F. BUHR. one cylinder-With the working section of the Witnesses: other cylinder, and vice versa, and a device C. R. STICKNEY, in both of said conduits for completing and ANNA C. RAVIL'ERY

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