US107480A - Improvement in apparatus for decorticating, separating - Google Patents

Description

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} A.J.GLAS.- APPARATUS FOR. DEGORTIGATING, SEPARATING, AND DRYING GRAIN.

No. 107,480. Patentedfiep't. 20, "1870.

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I ,A. J. GL'AS. A APPARATUS FOR DEGORTIGATING, SEPARATING, AND. DRYING GRAIN.

1%.. 107,480. Patented Sept. 20, 1.870.

hour? an THE Mamas Pflzns co. momuma. WASHINGTON, D. c.

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v A. J. GLAS. APPARATUS FOR DEGORTIGATING, SEPARAT ING, AND DRYING GRAIN.

Patented Sept. 20, 1870.

THE NORRIS FUERS cc, Pnoro-Lrma. wAsmNurDN n. c.

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ANTON JOSEPH GLAS, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

Letters Patent No. 107,480, dated fltptember 20,1870; patented in- England, December .1 7, 1869.

' IMPROVEMENT 11v APPARATUS ron nncoR'rIcA'rmG, SEPARATIINGQ, AND, DRYING- GRAIN, 8w. or

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent'and making part 0! the same I, ANTOF-OSEPH GLAS, of Bedford street, Strand, London, in the county of Middiesex, Great Britain, a

subject of the king of- Bavaria, Germany,'have in-J rented a new Mode-ofi'and Apparatus for Decorticating, Separatingthe Germ, and Drying Wheat or o er Grain. of which the following is a specification.

The nature of this invention relates to certain new methods of decorticating, separating :the germ, and

great rubbing friction is set up among the grain bythe combinedaction of knives, and the pressure of an Arohimedean screw, which are made to rotate slowly in the opposite direction to each other, so that the do; corticatioii, as well as theseparation of the germ from wln ator other grain, is eii'ected by the mere frictional contact among the particles."themselves, without 'in the least degree injuring or cutting the inner kernel.

The grain, after being treated as above, is subjected to the action of the heaters. These heaters give arapid whirling motion to the grain, which produces the final finish, at thejsame time, the husks and germs are, during this operation, thrown out through the perforated apparat-us. v f

- Next, I admit the grain into the fan-elevator, which throws-it up into the hopper, where the grain is made to pass through currents of air, in order to separate from it all the husks or other extraneous matters, should any such still be mixed with the grain; also, to separate the grain into two or more dili'erent sorts, as may be desirable.

During these, operationsth6.. 1lying of the grain is effected to thefull extent 'witho'u-t any other artificial means.

Description of the Accompanying Drawing.

Figure 1- is a sectional perspective of so much of my invention as is included in this patent.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section, taken at A B.

Figure 3 is a cross-section, taken at Q D.

Figure 4 is a section of another arrangement ot'lccd apparatus.

Figure 5 is a section, taken at the collar of the feed apparatus.

Figure 6 is a section,-tuken at the'collar c';

Figure 7 isascction, taken at the discharge-collar m;

This invention relates to certain new methods of de-' crn'ticating, separating the germ, and'drying wheat or other grain.

Thegrain' may,"ac cording to these plans, he treated in eith'rthe dry or wet state, the latter being preferred.

In the first instance, I place the. dry grain in a wiregauze cylinder, a, of an improved construction, in or- :der to se arate from it the dust, stones, straws, or other foreign matters with which it may be mixed,

and, after having passed it through this cylinder (1, I

subject the grain tothe action of currents of air, a,

produced by the fan :v, so as to separate all'the lighter matters which meet the same size as thegrain, and which cannot easily be separated from it by any other means. i I

. N ext, if the grain is to be moistened, I submit it to the wetting process, this being eifected by admitting to the grain suliicient water, by the pipe z, to moisten it to the desired extent, and by subjecting it to the action of an Archimcdean screw, 1), combined with stirr'crs b. By thoscmeans the grain is kept i11 mo tion, and is moistened uniformly 'at all parts, while the water which is notab'so'rbe'd by it is allowed to escape through the perforated trough '0, before the grain has passed completely througlrthe moisteuing apparatus.

' When-the gl'ailrllas gone tnrough these operations, I

tion of which may vary considerablyin detail, so long as the mode of action, hereinafter described, is ad.- hered to. For instance, one arrangement of this apparatus, which I propose,-is shown in the accompanying drawing, ,where (I, at figs. l and 2, is a horizontal hollow shaft, provided with knives d, which are set round it at convenient intervals, and in a helicai line, or nearly so. This shaft 1?, with its knives d, is surrounded by a cylinder, 0, which'is provided with knives e, projecting from its inner suriace, so as to form a helical line, havinga contrary pitch to that followed bythe knives d on the shaft first mentioned. This cylinder cis provided, at what I may call its hind-' most end, with a feed-pipe, f, for supplying it with grain, this pipe f communicating with a collar, f, which surrounds the cylinder c,and covers the holes 0 in the latter, through which the grain, previously moistened, as above described, is fed into the cylinder 0, at a regulated rate, as it comes from themoistening apparatus.

The grain, on entering the cylinder-c, is forced forward toward the knives d and e by means of a short Archimedean'scrcw, 1j, at the hindmost end of the,

- directiontothat-of the cylinders. Thusfiuthisarrangcknives, the grain has aprogressive' motion imparted to' it, which carries it toward the foremost end of the apparatus, where, according to the arrangement 1 am now describing, itis discharged into an annular space, 7|, surrounding the cylinder 0 already mentioned.

Here the method of treatment above explained is repeated, but with less stirring action, a fresh supply of water being added by the pipe 0" fixed-on the collar h, as shown at fig. 5, .if necessary. Here the grain is acted upon only by the knives 1', which project from the outer surfaceot' the cylinder 0, through which it was previously passed. This latter cylinder 0 is itself surrounded by a perforated sheet-iron cylinder, j, the annular space It betwcenthe two cylinders being that to which I have already referred.

The outer cylinder j is closed at both ends, and is fixed at the foremost end on the shaft 11, so that it revolves in the opposite direction to the inner cylinder c,-whichearries the knives c and ti l The grain discharged from the inner cylinder is, by means ofa' short Archimedean screw, 7.", fixed on the exterior of the cylinder 0, forced into the annular space It between the two cylinders, and is made to traverse this spacetoward the hindmost end of the apparatus, being subjected oh its way'to the action of the knives t projecting fromthe exterior of the inner cylinder 0. These knives give rise to great rubbing action between the particles, which completes the decortieating operation.

During the time the gram is traversing the annularspace 7i-, the husks will, to a great extent, be discharged t-hrough the perforations in the outer cylinderj. When the grain reaches the hindmost end of the annular space, it is discharged through holes I in the circumference of the outer cylinder into another apparatus, H, which is connected by a collar, m, to that already described and shown at fig. 6. 'The apparatus H, which now receives the grain, consists of a; perforated sheet-iron cylinder, 11, set horizontally, this cylinder being traversed by a shaft, 0, having arms 0, which support iron bars covered with India rubber, 12, and bent into a helical line of that pitch and made to traverse, with those thrown out of the decortieat-or by the threads q, around the cylinder at to the hindmost end of the apparatus, while the drying of the grain'is also effected during the time it passes these operations, without any other artificial means.

After the grain'has passed through the operations above described, and is completely decortieated, as well as free from husks, I admit it int-0 the fan-e1evator 1', which throws the grain up through the spout r' into the hopper s, where it 1. subjected to the action of a number of currents of air, 8, which are produced by the fan as, so'as to separate the grain into two or more different sorts, as may be desirable, according to its qualities, and, at the same time, all the husks or other extraneous matters, should any such still be mixed with the grain,will be separated.

Fig.4 shows, in section, another arrangement of feed apparatus, in which one or more disks are applied,

as shown, to'prevent the grain from moving round with the Archimedeau screw y, when the resistance to the grain being forced forward is great. This apparatus will enable the deeortieator to be fed under an V desired head-pressure, and at any desired rat-c.

.Having thus explaiued'the nature of my invention, I do not claim the whole arrangement of this machine, as some parts, are well known to the art.

I claim as my invention- 1. The combination of the cylinder c with the Arehimedean screw it and its knives c and 'i.

2. The combination of the Archimedea'n screw g with the disk 1 in the manner described.

3. In combination with the wetting stirrer b b, the decorticating cylinders (Z 0, substantially as set forth.

4. In combination with the cylinder (1', provided with the screw g and knives d, the cylinder 6, provided with knives e z and the screw Ir, and the perforated jacket cylinder 7. p

ANTON JOSEPH GLAS.

\Vitnesses WILLIAM HENRY Maw.

James Dnnnca.

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