US1074794A

US1074794A - Centrifugal pump.

Info

Publication number: US1074794A
Application number: US55167?10A
Authority: US
Inventors: Ben Hunt
Original assignee: VALLEY FOUNDRY AND MACHINE WORKS
Current assignee: VALLEY FOUNDRY AND MACHINE WORKS
Publication date: 1913-10-07
Anticipated expiration: 1930-10-07

Description

B. HUNT.

GENTBIFUGAL PUMP. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 26." 191()V Patented Oct. 7, 1913.

SHEETS-SHEET 1,

INVENTOR.

)B/ QM WIITNESSES @Wx-MNM- B. HUNT.

GBNTEIFUGAL PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. ze, 1910.

Patented oct. 7', 1913,

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNESSES INVENTOR.

NEX;

BEN HUNT, 0F FRESNO, CALlFORNIA, ASSXGNR T0 'VALLESL' FOUNDRY AND MACHINE "WRES, CE FRESN, CALXFG'RNA, A' CORPORATION.

CENTRIFUGIAL PUMP.

rotator.

Specinoation of Letters Patent.

Patented Got'. '7, HMS.

To al? 107mm it may concern.'

.lle it known that l, BEN HUNT, a citizen ot the United States, and a resident oft Fresno, in the county oi Fresno and Stateot' California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Centrifugal Pumps, oft which th'e following is a specification. n

The invention relates to improvements in4 that class of pumping apparatus known as-y centrifugal pumps and has particular ref-- erence to improvements in the design of thel runner or impeller whereby several of the power losses now present are eliminated.

The action of the impeller during the operation ot' the pump is to hurl the Water into the volute enamber from the impeller cham-- ber, thereby causing a drop in pressure or: a partial vacuum in the impeller-ehamber. The effect ot' this drop in pressure is to cause the Water to riseV in the suction tubei and How into the casing, and as the action of the impeller is continuous, a partial vacu# urn-exists in the impeller-chamber The effeet of the partial 'vacuum is to exert a pull.- ing force on the sides of the easing.

I'n open runner pumps the. inipeller blades: project from the face. ot the runner adja cent to the suction inlet.l The other or rearl face of the runner lies in close relation to the back Wall ot' the casing. The 'Water entering the casing is therefore immediately engaged by the impeller vanos and its progress isv not interfered 'With by the body portion of the runner.

The object of the present invention is to increase the efiiciency oa centrifugal pump by eliminating the energy losses caused by the longitudinal pull ron the impeller.

A further object of the invention is td balance the longitudinal forces acting on the 'impell'r in the easing,.with'out increasing the friction ot the liquid in the casing or retarding its flow.

Ttliese and otherr objects the invention; consists of an impellei for centrifugal pumps so designed and constructed that a force is exerted' in the impeller equal and opposite to the forces on the impellcr due to the various pressures 'within .hc casing..

` Tli'e following description explains at length th'onature of my said improvements away to show the impeller. view of the impeller removed 'from the pump showing one means of producing the coun- 'Wit opposite direction to the' forces caused by the suctionv orv pressure.'

'impellen lie Within the circle described bv the outer oints of the impellr and therefore do not' and the manner in which I proceed to con.

struct and apply the same inthe production of a centrifugal pump, reference being had to the drawings accompanying this specilication.

Figure 1 isa side elevation of a centrifugal pump, part of the casino' being broken Fig. 2 is a sideter-balancingforce Fig. 3 is a front or face ylew of the impeller shown in Fig. 2. Figs.

4, 5, G, 7, 8 and 9 show modifications oi" the means for producing the counter-balancing force.. Fig. 4.- being a side-view of the impeller;.F1`g. 5 a face-view showing the balancing vane mounted between the impellervanes; Fig. 6 a cross section through the line awa- Fig. 5. Fig. 7. is a crosssectional detail ot'another modification taken on a line such as a-a- Fig..5.

curved in a plane at right angles to the plane of rotation to allow the Water to Fig. 8 Y shows a pump provided with an impeller travel therethrough' on a smooth curve and These vanes or blades are' preferably. arranged onI thejin1- 'peller varies, ori-n the body ofthe impeller and lie anglarly'to the-plane of' rotation of the imp elirprogressing 'along the face of the impeller'and'digressing from the rear 'wall'or web in the path' of"rotation of the The vanesare also' arranged to extend into thev volute chamber, and interfe're with the flow of water therein. The angular displacement of the vanes, which l will term counterbalancing venes, is varied accordingI to the 'speed or lift for which the pump is design ed..

The invention does not apply to the main body of the pump, the base l and the, casing' 2 remaining the same es in general use. The impeller shaft is supported in the usual way by the outboard bearing 4 and the water enters the casing through the usual section elbow 3. t

The impeller is preferably formed of a castingl comprisingl the hub 6, the impeller vanes 8 and the web plate 7 rigidly connecting the vanes and the hub iat the back or rear side of the impeller. The vanes 8 may be of any desired shape or curvature de- 'pending upon the amount of Water to be raised or the speed at which the impeller is run. IIhe'vanes project from the front. face of the web plate 7 into the Working chamber of the pump, the web plate lying adjacent to the back Wall out of the path of the Water. To preserve continuity of the Water in the Working chamber, the Walls thereof converge toward the circumference and the impeller is formed with the same angle ot' convergence.

ln one form of construction the blade or vane 9 for producing the counter-balancing force is arranged on the fece of the impeller Yanes 8, running diagonally across the fece and extending from the front `foce at the eX- tremity to thc rear face at a. point l2 :ipploximately midway of the length or' the vane. The action of the Water on the nngularly vdisposed vane produces n. component force parallel to the axis of the ri'xnner.

The impeller, as shown in Fig. 3 revolves in a clockwise direction, therefore, the vanos S) acting on the water set up e strain tending to force the impeller backward toward the reni' wall ot the casing. The length and curvature of these venes may be arranged as desired depending on the force to be overcome.

In Fig. 4 I have shown a modification in which I empio)7 e groove or slot 10 in place of the upstcnding vene The eect in either case is the same. The' Water .in the casing is impelled by the outer face l5 of the impeller vanos 8, consequently the slot 10 will eet with equal efficiency as the vane.

,Another modification is shown in Fics. 5 and 6 wherein the counter-bnlencing rorce is generated by the action of the Water on the blade 16 arranged between i vo sncceeding impeller venes d The bla "c 16 is placed approximately et right angles to the direc` tion ot flow of the Writer and in its other diinension ongulorly to the path of the water, to conse a pressure erollel to the unis the ir eller. A single blade 16 may 'i or several blades muy be similarly placed .fi between the other impeller varies. notier .t u method ot causing; the counterbulcncir. cf

-feet is shown in Fig. 7, wherein the edge l1 of the web I .lying in cn approximately radial direction between two impeller runes is curved to produce the required component ln Fig. 8 l. have shown a modification wherein the desired leffect is obtained by curving 'the web 7 in e pinne at right angles to the plaine of rotation oli' the impelcr, and curving the'renr wall of the pump body to conform thereto. The Water moving .radielly over the web encounters the concime face 18 and is turned outwardly causing s corresponding pressure to be exerted parel lel to the axis oi rotation. By varying the radius of curvature of the concave foce the longitudinal pressure caused by the Inoving Water is varied. The requiren'ients of the pump being' known, the curvature of the web is formed to generate the necessary force. The Water entering the pump casing travels on a. smooth curve therethrough thereby elixniimtinn the losses due to the sudden change or" velocity in pumps ns new constructed Fig. 9 shows c modification in the impeller blades are set et an ocuteengle to the web, causingi the resultent velocity of the water to lie in c path at en ecute ongle to the axis of the impeller. The horizontel comu ponent of this resultant velocity produces e force parallel to the axis of the ir. aller the opposite direction to the forces caused by the suction.

Throughout the specification und drenrm ings, l have described an impeller of open-runner type, but it is evident that the same improvement can be cpp-lied te peller of the closed runner typ-e, to the same effects; lt is understood, there-tore, that l.' do not limit myself to the exact conm struct-ion shown :is n means ci' accomplishing the counter-balancing elle es these and many other rnodilications n: y he ranged without varying; from the. spirit my invention.

l, l'n n centrifugal pump, c runner pro videdwith runes on the outer feces of the impeller blades, arranged nngularly tc the plane ot' rotation of the impeller.

In u centrifugal pump, u runner provided with means adopted to encage the. ww ter in the volute chamber, uns boing arranged angulurly to the path of the Water in said chamber and adapted to produce u thrust in the opposite direction to the suc tion thrust.

S. n. c otrii pump, interino a rnot: inlet :it one Y .r in "ci b sing, und mines on n :uces it ineredupted to produce thrust on the n l' in opposition te .oc si'ction pull on iorizontal shaft cent pump,

nomma i casing having a suction inlet at one side, a runner rotatably mounted in said casing', ind Yanes on the outer faces or' said runner irranged at an angle to the plane of rota- :ion thereof, said Yanes being arranged so hat their rear ends lie closer to the sution `ide of the pump than their leading ends.

5. ln a centrifugal pump, a runner hav- ,ng curved inipeller blades extending .outward to a circinnscrihing circle, and Yanes an the ilnpeller blades within said circle, arranged at an angle to the plane of rotation af the runner.

(3. ln a centrifugal pump, a runner pros vided witn a plurality of iinpeller blades which digress outwardly at an angle to theA radius, and Yanes arranged on said blades it an angle to the plane of rotation of the runner.

7. ln a centrifugal pump, a runner provided with a plurality of impeller blades thrust.

which progressively decrease in width to- Ward. the periphery of the runner, and vanos on said blades angularly disposed to the plane of rotation. l

8. ln a centrifugal pump, a runner having ilnpeller blades, and nie-ans on the outer faces'of said blades and arranged angularly to the path or' the Water through the pump for producing a thrust in the opposite' direction 'to the suction thrust.

9. In a centrifugal pump, a casing having a suction inlet and a discharge, a runner 1n said casing having@ impeller blades disposed angularly to the radius, and vanes on said bladesarranged to exert aconnter-balancing pressure to the force due to the suction BEN HUNT. Witnesses:

C. N, WAITE,

l. T. DANKE.