US1071106A - Dental instrument. - Google Patents

Description

P. H. SKIN NEE.

DENTAL INSTRUMENT.

APPLICATION FILED MAY5, 1911.

1,071,106. Patented Aug126,1913.

WITNESSES INVENTOR BY MM W ATTORNEY UNITED STATES PATENT orrron.

FRANK H. SKINNER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

DENTAL INSTRUMENT.

To all whomz'i may concern Be it known that I, FRANK H. Sumner, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of Chicago, county of Cook, and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful. Improvements in Dental Instruments, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to instrumentsused in dental surgery and has particular reference to a device for removing the crown of a tooth.

The object of the invention is to provide an eilicient and convenient instrument particu'larly adapted for this purpose, and one Which. will facilitate the speedy removal of a crown Without subjecting the patient to pain or inconvenience, or without straining the tissues, membranes and nerves of the tooth operated upon.

\Vith the above-named objects in view my invention consists in the novel instrument hereinafter described in detail, illustrated in the accompanying drawing and particularly described in the appended claim.

In the drawing -Figure' 1 is a top plan view of substantially a full-sized instrument embodying my invention, together with a portionof a lower jaw with the secondmolar of which the instrument is shown engaged. Fig. 2 is a side view of the instrument in the same working position, both upper and lower jaws being shown in vertical section. Figs. 3 and 4: are similar views showing the instrument in difierent positions. Fig. 5 is a plan View of a double or reversible instrument. Fig. 6 is a side or edge view of same.

In Figs. 1 to 1, inclusive, 2 and 3 represent a pair of jaw-bodies pivoted together on a pivot 41. through a compass-joint comprising a pair of disks 5 and 6 on the jaw 3 and a single disk on the jaw 52 held between the disks 5 and 6. In the jaw 3 is an elongated or oblong transverse hole 8 through which passes a jaw-operating screw 9 that has threaded engagement at 10 with athreaded bore in the jaw2. The screw 9 is provided with a thumb-piece 11 with the aid of which the screw may be conveniently manipulated to draw the jaws together upon or release them from the work. On the screw is a collar 12 which bears against the jaw 3 and cooperates with the threads to move the jaws.

The bodies of the jaws, without the beaks,

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed May 5, 1911.

body of the tool or instrument.

Patented A11 26,1913.

Serial No. 625,390.

or the parts designated by the numerals '2 and 8, are substantially identical with the body portions of hand-vise jaws. In the present invention these bodies 2 and 3 are extended by noses or beaks which project at angles from the body portions, so that the instrument, as a whole, minus the tips, is of elbow, form. Each nose or beak is also of elbow form, the bends being in opposite directions and outwardly relative to the These elbows, noses, beaks or extensions are label-ed first an outward bend, then an inward and downward bend, and is provided with the inwardly or horizontally projecting wedge. T1113 formation of each aw forms a roomy space between the noses or beaks adapted to receive the top or crown of a tooth while the wedges are operatlng at the base of the crown. That isthe noses or beaks straddle the tooth even when the wedge-edges are brought together under the base of the crown or between the crown and the root of a tooth. On the other hand, the elevation of the jaw-bodies above the working positions of the beaks shown in Figs. 1 to 4L and their inclination relative to the beaks places the body of the instrument substantially in line with the row of teeth, particularly the upper row, when said body is alined between the upper and lower row of teeth, or between them lengthwise. The elevation and inclination of the jaw-body also affords the operator an unobstructed view of the tooth operated upon when viewed from the rear or front of the instrument and the straddle of the beaks, or space between them, all'ords an unobstructed view from above.

17 represents, in Figs. 1 to 4 the lower jaw of a patient, 18 designates the root of a tooth crowned with a crown l9 cemented to a post or crown pin 20 secured or cemented in the root of the tooth.

21 represents the plane or line of juncture between the crown and the root at which are shown placed the edges of the wedges 15 and 1% ready to be forced toward each other to crowd the artificial crown and natural root of a tooth apart. In Fig. 4: the crown is shown partly removed, or loosened from the root or post, after having turned the operating screw to draw the jaws toward each other. This operation of the instrument need not be appreciably felt by the patient, because the lateral strains are balanced by the opposition of the wedges, and longitudinally of the axis of the tooth the strains are likewise balanced by the action and reaction against the top of the root and bottom of the crown, respectively, divided to opposite sides ofthe crown pin or axis of the tooth.

In removing a crown from one of the innermost, or third, molars the instrument may be operated without stretching the corner of the mouth or straining the cheek, as the angle of the body of the instrument relative to the beaks permits placing the instrument in line with the upper row of teeth and substantially parallel with the tops of their crowns, and, as shown in Fig. 2, there is also room for operation of the thumbpiece of the screw when said piece is directed inwardly. In the modified form or double instrument shown in Figs. 5 and 6 any tooth may be operated upon with the thumb-piece always outside of the mouth, as will appear more fully in connection with the description of the double instrument.

In order to make it possible to place the thumb-piece of the screw in the same relative position whether it be an upper or lower, right or left tooth, I have provided the double form shown in Figs. 5 and 6. In this form by shifting the screw the thumb-piece may always extend outwardly. The double instrument is composed of just as few members, pieces or stampings as the first-described instrument.

In the double form the jaws and beaks extend in duplicate to both sides of the pivot in opposite directions, and these jaw-bodies are labeled 22 and 23. The joint is substantially the same as that shown in Fig. 1, with the modification that the joint- disks 5, 6 and 7 carry two instead of only one pair of jaws. In the double construction the holes for the operating screw are duplicated, so that when the righthand end of the instrument, as it appears in, say, Fig. 5, is used the screw is simply removed from the left-hand end where it is shown in full lines and inserted in the dotted line position shown to the right.

I claim as my invention In a dental instrument the COIIlblIlZLfiOIl with a pair of jaw-bodies pivoted together intermediate of their ends, of pairs of elbows on the ends of said jaw-bodies, each said pair having cooperating beaks thereon, each said pair of elbows extending from said jaw-bodies oppositely to the angle of extension of the other elbows, and means for applying mechanical force to either of said pairs of elbows with the aid of a single screw.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

FRANK H. SKINNER.

WVitnesses M. C. ALLEN, J. M. BECKSTROM.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.

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