US1068368A - Quick-acting steam-generator. - Google Patents

Description

W. SCHMIDT.

QUIGK ACTING STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLIOATION mum mm 29, 1913.

1,068,368, Patented July 22, 1913.

WITN888 INVENTOR II'V/LHELM 50/144107 p n m;

- hiihe, Germany.

and useful Improvement-s 1n Quick-Acting 1 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILHELM SCHMIDT, 0F CASSEL-WILHELMSHGHE. GERMANY, ASSIGNOR T0 SCHMIDT- SGHE HEISSDAMPF-GESELLSCHAI T M. B. 1-1.. OF CASSEL, GiERMANY, A CORPORA- TIGN OF GERMANY.

QUIGK AGTING STEAM-GENERATOR.

PatcntcdJulyf-ZZ.129121 Application filedliay '29. 1913. Serial No. 770.562.

To all whom 1' f may concern:

Be itknown thatv I, Wimisrm Sumnrr, a subject of the King of Prussia. Emperor of Germany. residing at Cassclilliehns have. invented certain new Steam-Generators, of which the following 15 i a. specification.

My invention rclatcs to a quick acting gcncrator comprising a system of pipes into one end of which water is fed. while from tho othcr (Htl strain is lfllifill oft.

Strain gent-rotors of this fi'filltl'al typo arc old and ha \0. as is wcll known. a very small ruhic content. so that in cl'tcct. only so much watcr is forced into tho generator in a givcn tinic as is to ho convcrtcd into strain in the sarn tin'i is: a consequent-c. in {,Il-Iltltlltllr of this known typo. tln-ro is no circulation of tho wntcr within lhc pipc H V. itlll whcn tho gcncrator is lirsl. started up or whrn Hitxllll ccascs to be drawn from it. Sonic r all of thc individual pipcs of tho pipc tcni may thcrctorc. at su h limo. casilv hroome dangerously ovcrhoatm'l.

The object of the invention ln-rcin (lis closod is to eliminate the above. incntionctl disadvantag'cs by providing a surface condcnsor so ronnrctcd to thc. l)0ll(1' proprithat whcn FliPtHH rcascs to ho takcn from tho which show. diagrannnaticallv. scvcral rinhodinicnts thcrcot'. l igurc l rcprcscnting a prctrrrcil form of the invention. Fig. a similar form providcd with a t'cml water hcatcr. Fig. 3 the arrangcnnnt of Fig. i with :1 slightly .ditl'crcnt arrangcincnt of controlling valves. and Fig". 4 an arrangoinont similar to Fig. l but. providing a closing moans at the inlet of the condenser in stead of a hack prci surc valve in the outlet of said condenser.

in the drawings the stcam boiler propcr comprics a coiled pipc'a. the watcr hcin forced into same by suitahlo pumping moans (not shown) at, I) and taken of? at c. 'lhc surface condenser (I also compriscs a coilcd pipo arranged in a vessel which is :nlaptcd to he supplied with cooling \vatcr. The upper will said condenser is joined by a i l l l I l l pipe ,7 to the outlet 0 while tho lower end of the. coinlcnscr similarly joinod ll) a pipe. h to the inlct 15.33 tccd valvc f. is lo cated in the inlci pipc on tho ou'tcr sitlc of pipe h and the pipo it is itself provided with a back pressure va ve 1' and a throttle valve In, the latter bring octwccn the valvc f and the inletpipc. A sat fitv valvc mis provided in the pip l1 ju;-t hclow the con- (lcnscr l.

The operation of urr invention is as follows: When the gcncrator aliout to ho started up, most ot the \vatcr will ht found in tho lowor part oi the lioilcr :1. tho pipcs (I and l: and contlcnscr (Z will lic tilled with ai A lhc hoilcr is heated. strain will he fornn-d which will risc through pipe y will or ruunlonstwl in the condcnsnr (I, and will tall throng-h tho pipc ,5. the? hack pres snro valvo Z and tho tlirottlc K into the inlet pipc ot the. hoilcr. Tho air which coir tainc l in thc goncrator should. prcfcrahl v -H (li'lYlYl out in thc usual and woll-known inannrr. it is obvious that during this starting up or prcliminarv limiting thcrc will ho a continuous circulation of thc \vatcr and strain in tho gcncrator. 'llic throttlo valvc Z' should ht? so adjusted during this pcriod that the amount of watcr rapalilc of passing thcrcthrough in a given time will he loss than the amount of watcr which will lic {oil into thc system wln'n Sltflll'l is l)0in; itllitn oft. hen tho outlet valvc at I: (not shown) is opcncd and Sitfln'l is taken oil. the pumping moans which supplies watcr through food valvc f should hc arranged to start at tho sanirtime. \s soon as tho fced pump starts. the ha k pressure valve 2", which is unloaded u only very slightly loaded. will closo. sincc the lowcr side of 9 the valvc is a tl'rctml ov the prcssnre at which the food watcr is torccd into the generator. while thouppcr side of the valvc .is attcctcd by tho much smaller pressure due to the pressure at outlet (7 attcr it has been di- 100 minishcd ii the friction and throttling of the pipcs and of thc condenser. As soon as the flow from outletv is interrupted the pre sure on each side of the valve i is equalized and the valvcv will open so that the 105 water condensing in d gradually enters through the back pressure valve 11 and the throttle valve k into the lower part of the boiler. In this Way the pipes a of the boiler are kept constantly in contact with water 110 whether the same is flowing or shut off so that there is no danger of said pipes becoming dangerously overheated. The adjustment of the throttle valve k 15 of particular importance if the generated steam is to he superheated before being used. since, if there is no throttling at all, or in sufficient throttling, more water will circulate through the generator in a given time when the boiler is started up than can be evaporated, so that no substantial superheating and some times not even a drying of the steam can be obtained. Such an arrangement would obviously be very inefficient as a means of obtaining steam quickly. Similarly, when the steam outflow is cut oil, the throttling is of importance, since in such case, if the condenser is emptied too suddenly. water may easily come in contact with the hot walls of the superheater pipes so that there will be an excessive generation of steam and an undesirable high pressure. Ordinarily, the condenser, when the steam outflow is cut oil, is completely filled with water so that the amount of cooling surface which becomes available through the emptying of the :ondenser is insufficient to condense all the steam which will then be generated, the amount of which steam will even be increased by reason of the larger amountof water which passes from the condenser into the steam generator and is there evaporated. In such cases the-pressure of the steam will rise and automatically open the safety valve mand a suitable amount of the condensed water will be forced out until equilibrium obtains. When steam is again taken off, the cycle will repeat itself. The

safety valve m will also operate while steam is being taken from the system, and if the steam pressure becomes too great, as for example, by any sudden decrease of the steam-outflow, the condensed water will be blown oflf through the safety valve until the pressure sinksto the desired value.

The throttle valve In need not be located immediately below the back pressure valve 71, but may e placed above this valve, or in the inlet pipe of the generator on the inside of pipe h. The throttle valve in may under some circumstances be entirely dispensed with. In such cases the o ening of valve must have a suitable small diameter so as to itself act as a throttle valve. Or, if desired. the valve 1 maybe dispensed with instead of the throttle valve, which latter valve must in such case be adjusted-so as to completely shut oil the pipe h. In such case the throttle valve and the steam outlet valve should be so connected with one another that one will be closed when the other is open and vice, versa, The safety valve also need not necessarily be located below the condenser as shown in the drawing, but may be placed at any desired point in the condenser coil. With this last arrangement it would be impossible ever to blow out all the water in the condenser.

The modification shown in Fig. 2 is identical with that shown in Fig. 1 except that a feed water heater n is inserted between the inlet b and the generator a. The mode of operation is similar to that described for the arrangement of Fig. 1.

The modification shown in Fig. 3 is substantially the same as shown in Fig. 2 except that the throttle valve is is placed in the pipe 71 connectingthe feed water heater and the generator instead of in the pipe 7:. Instead of using an ordinary throttle valve is in this embodiment, a special valve ar ranged to open toward the steam generator a and provided with a small permanent bypass may be used. The valve may be ordi narily kept closed by means of a spring which is so adjusted that it will yield to the pressure of the feed pump, but not to the pressure of the overlying water column including the feed water heater. The mode of operation of this modification is similar to that set forth in theformshown in Fig. 1. In the modification shown in Fig. 4 a shut-off valve q is located above the corn denser, and in'the pipe h is the usual throttle valve 70. Said shut-off valve is preferably connected with the steam outlet valve so that when one is closed the other is open and vice versa. In some cases I find it suilicient to provide, instead of said closing means 9', a simple back pressure valve adapted to be closed through the pressure of the rising feed water. When a shutoff valve is provided above the condenser, as

in this case, itis obvious that the safety valve m is non-operative when steam is be-' ing taken off. Aside from this the mode of operation 0 thismodification is identical with that set orth in the previous arrangements described. f

The vessel 6 which contains the cooling water may be provided with an automatic arrangement, as for example,- a float, for regulating the supply of said cooling water so as to maintain a suitable level in the vessel irrespective of the amount of water evaporated therefrom.

The several arrangements described may be used as superheaters instead of as steam generators without any change of structure. In such cases, wet steam instead of water is introduced into the pipe system. Superhea'ted steam may be drawn oil when the outlet valve is open, and when the steam outflow is interruptedthe arrangement will work as a closed circuit steam generator.

Where in the claims I refer to the surface condenser as being located above the boiler, I mean located at a higher level than the boiler, but not necessarily hysically and literally directly above said oiler.

Where in the specification and claims, l 1 refer to the boiler and to the surface condenser as comprising a coiled pipe," I d u not, mean to limit these elements to pipes rolled in the manner shown by the lllllstifl" tions. W'hat I mean by the expression i coiled pipe is any continuous length of pipe either coiled screw-like as in the drawings, 0' arranged in a flat coil or arranged with lengths laid side by side sometimes spoken of as a serpentine arrangement: other equivalent arrangements will readily suggest themselves, are known in the art and are claimed by me as within the scope of the words just referred to.

Other changes may be made Within the spirit of my invention which is defined by the folllowing claims:

I claim:

1. In a steam generator, the combination of a boiler comprising a oiled pipe having an inlet for water and an utlet for steam. and a surface condenser abovesziid boiler and directly connected thereto so hat steam flows to said condenser and thence returns as water to the boiler.

2. In a steam generator, the combination of a boiler comprising a coiled pi )e having an inlet for water and an outlet or steam. and a surface condenser also comprising a coiled pipe one end of said condenser pipe being connected near said outlet and the other end being arranged to discharge into the boiler nearer its inlet end.

3. In a steam generator, the combination of a boiler comprising a coiled pi e having an inlet for water and an outlet or steam, and a surface condenser also comprising a coiled pipe located above said boiler the. upper end of said pipe bein joined near said outlet and the lower end icing arranged to discharge into the boiler nearer its inlet end.

4. In a steam generator, the combination of a boiler comprising a coiled pi e having an inlet for water and an outlet For steam. a surface condenser also comprising a. coiled pipe located above said boiler the n or end of said pipe bein 'oined near said outlet and the lower en eing arranged to discharge into the boiler nearer its inlet end, and means for preventing the flow of feed water through t e condenser into the boiler.

5. In a steam generator, the combination of a boiler comprising a coiled pipe having an inlet for water and an outlet for steam. a surface condenser also comprising a coiled pipe locxted above said boiler the upper end of said pipe being joined near said outlet and the lower end being arranged to dis charge into the boiler nearer it inlet end, and closing means in the pipe between thc condenser and said lower end 1, lllti feed l Water may not pass tllll lt gll he wuuleiiwr into the boiler.

6. In a steam generator. the *omhination of n boiler minprising :i iled g-ipe having an inlet for water and an u let f steam. a surface condrn'wu' also rumpus- :1 olled pipe located above said i: 2hr mnp cr end of said pipe being joined it; ltlll miint min the lower end being arranged to lllliil yr: intotlielmilcrnearer its in et emi imitlm i r preventing the thin of i itil war-or through the conilcnser into the boiler. and u throttlevziiie for causing the wrndcnsed water to ion slowly back to the boilrr.

7. ln a steam generator. the couibimition. of n boiler con'ipris ng u roiled pipe inning an inlet for outer and an i'nitlct for steam. 2i. surface condenser also comprising a coiled pipe located above said boiler the upper end of sa d pipe being joined to said outlet and the lower end being arranged to discharge intothc boiler nearer its inlet end. means for preventing the flow of feed vsutcr through the wrdenser into the boiler. a throttle \alve for czmsingz? the condensed water to flow slowly been to the boiler. and a. safety valve between the upper end of the condcnscr and the nlet.

8. In a st am generator. the fimil ititliifill of a boiler comprising a ('nllefii nip-1 having: an outlet end for down. :i fewl waiter lliillt'l' at the other end of mi pip n i "More condenser also eoanpri...ng u i' ilitl 5. luirl-tl above said boiler the uppu ttli. u? said con denser being joined t will outlet itlitl the lower end to the inlet side nitlie feed water heater. and means below-n the uppe! end of said condenser and the teed water heat r for preventing water from Ift1--ifijj through the condenser to tho boiler.

9. lo a steam generator. the coinlmnitiou of a boiler comprising a mile-l pipe provided with an inlet for water and on outlet. for steam and a surface condenser directly con nected to said boiler bet W en inlet and outlet. so that Ste: n flows to 5.4 minimise! und returns a stcr to th lion-1r.

it). in u tenin generator. the cui'nbnation f a boiler c in ari ng a. coiled pipe: provided with an iuet for water and an omiet for steam and a ove coutleiis i' having scpara tr pipe con: i'ili l'lz-i for utensil 2nd water the steam in t-non opening: from the boiler between its inlet and ut et in testimony whereof. I have i in hand in the presence of to" witnesses.

VVILHELM SC-llllllll'l' Witnesses Arr-oar K001 (ARE MoLL.

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