US1068015A

US1068015A - Rotary drilling apparatus.

Info

Publication number: US1068015A
Application number: US66539011A
Authority: US
Inventors: Alfred C Stewart
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1911-12-12
Filing date: 1911-12-12
Publication date: 1913-07-22
Anticipated expiration: 1930-07-22

Description

. C. STEWART.

ARYDRILLING APPARATUS.

ROT

APPLICATION FILED DEG.12,1911.

Patented July 22, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

@j JM A. C. STEWART.

ROTARY DRILLNG APPARATUS,

APPLICATION FILED M0212, In

l 5e Patented July, 22, 1913.

2 sIIEETs-SHBET 2 Egg, 6 z' v I o shaft extending incanta..

. aiv rrrreivr ALFRED C.`STEW.'1.RT, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNL.

` ROTARY nRiLLiNe arrana'rus Aordver'to ,transmit the required power and employ suitable gearing between the shaft and the drilling bit to reduce the speed so that the drilling bit will be driven at the desired velocity. By dispensing with the drill tube the great expense thereof is eliminated, the cost of the small'shaft being very much less. In addition tothis a great saving in time is effected because wlienthe drill tube- 4is used much time is required in screwing' and unscrewing the sections of drill tube when removing the drill or replacing the4 drill, while with the small shaft the sections thereof may be quickly coupled or uncou-V pled.

A further object is to lock the gearing for operating the drilling mechanism to the outer casing so that when operating thebit w-ill be maintained in the same relative position with respect to the casing, a further object being to provide means for unlocking the drill operating mechanism when it is desired to raise the drilling mechanism out of the casing. Both-the locking'and unlocking operation may be performedy from the top l of 'the well.

A further object is to provide an expansible bit with means for expanding or contracting the bit when at the bottom ofthe casing, and to accomplishthis through the medium of the small operating shaft above referred to. J

Referring to the drawings :-F igure 1 is a `vertical longitudinal section through the lower portion of the casing and through the 1 drilling mechanism, showing the parts in position for operation.v Fig. 2 is aV view similar to Fig. 1, but showing only the upper portion thereof, and illustrates a different position of the device for locking the drilling mechanism to the casing. Fig. 3 :is a ,View similar to Fig. 1 showing the bit contracted. Fig. 4 is an enlarged section lon slieoiacauon of Letters Patent. Application sied December 1a7 1911.

semi No.' 665,390.

line af-a4 Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is an enlarged secltion on line #La Fig. 1. F 1g. 6 is an enlarged section online all-:rs Fig. 1. Fig. 7

'is a section on line acl-m7 Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is a section on line S-s Fig. 7. v 1 designates the outer casing which is constructed in the'usual manner but provided ,wilha series of holes 2 formed at the cou pling Y The drill operating mechanism consists of a barrel t in the lower end of which is a sleeve 5 which is internally threaded and is screwed to a .hollowvarbor 6 which is rbtatably mounted in'bearings 7 .and 8 which are supported by webs 9 from the barrel t. The upper end of thearbor 6 `has a iiangel() on which are journaled a pair of idle pinions 11 which mesh with a. driving pinion 12 splined on a driving shaft 13. The shaft 13 has a relatively small diameter, as shown,

y and passes through the hollow arbor 6, being rotatable and also slidabletherein. The pinions 11. also mesh with-an internal gear 14 which is secured to the b arrelv 4'.

Formed as part of the sleeve 5I is a bit comprising aconical portion 1 5 which has several inserted cutters-16, and a series of radially adjustable cuttersl'?. A lutedpoint 18-'is screwed to the conical portion 15. Each of the cutters 17 has a pin 19 which engages in a slotted scroll 20 which is rotatable above the 'co'nica'l portion 15 and has a bearing in the sleeve 5. The scroll 20 has two pins 21 on 'each of-which is jouriialed a pinion 22.` Thel pinions 22 mesh -'with a stationary internal gear 23 whichis 1 formed in the sleeve 5 and also mesh with a pinion 24 which'is arranged concentrically with the'shaft 13 and is mounted on a sleeve Fatented July 22, 1915:

25 with sufficient friction 'to be operated A thereby. The sleeve 25 has a tral hole-27 which is adapted to receive the squared lower end 28 of shaft 13. `A sleeve 29 is arranged on the lower end of the casing 1 andl has an inwardly directed flange 30 which projects inwardly'beyond the casing 1, acting-.as a support for the lower end of the barrel 4. A 'series of slots 31 are cut in the flange 30 to permit the passage of water which is caused to be circulated down into the casing past the barrely and out of the bottom.

Near lthe upper end of thebarrel 4 are four radial studs 32, in each of whichis slidably mounted a locking pin `33 with a round head 34. Each pin 33 projects same;

through the wall of the barrel l and is adapted to bcengaged with a hole A Coil spring 35 presses each pin 38 inwardly against a tapering sleeve! 36, the upper end ,of the sleeve 3G beingfslidably supported in a neck 37on the endof the barrel 4 and its lower end being s lidable in a bearing 38 supported by-webs 39 from, the barrel.l A y coil spring 40 presses against the upper end 'of 'the sleeve '36 andtends to depress the The shaft 13 entends through the' sleeve 36j and through a-stufhng boi: on

neck 37. .A collar 42 is rigidly secured to.

`the shaft 13, and when the shaft A1li-is pulled up the collar 442 will'lift the sleeve and .permit'the pins 33 to move'inwardly.

43 is a hollow shaft which is coupled to i the shaft 13 and which extends to the-top of the well. n

- VIn operation -theparts stand' as shownin Fig. 1,the cuttersl 17 beinge'xpanded and the-shaft 13 .is driven at a compar'atively high'speed,say, lfor example, 800` R. P. M.

' The pins engag'ethe reces'ses2 and lock the barrel 'against longitudinal" movement l.and again'strotation. ylt. is't`ofbe'noted that ,when the parts are in' ,poperatinguposition flange "and lbit 1 5 whichl are attached toit.

As the bit thus rotatest-he'scroll'20 and gearing combining therewith rotatev bodily with the bit But have no operating function at this time. p As the drilling .proceeds the casingislo'wered in wellknown manner, a

water circulation being 4maintained down.

casing and out'through the ,spaces 31.

` When itis V'desired'toY raisethe Vbit the shaft A13 is stopped from' rotation and'is i Y moved farther down so that its squaredend isaengaged in the sleeve 25,.l Rotationofthe shaft 13 then drives pinion 24 and the 'latter acting through-pinions 22 'which are in mesh with internal gear 23 causes the scroll 2O to be revolved, the pinio'ns 22 having aV planetary movement, and as the scroll is thus rotated-it acts upon the pins 19 to `move the cutters 17 radially inward. It

should be observed that rotation of the scroll 1s 'effected even thoughy thefflange 5 Lisialso' rotating, .because it is only necessary that therebe a relative4 movement between shaft l3.a.n d flange 5 which has gearing 23,

and as shaft. 13 revolvesat comparatively the scroll has moved the cutters 17 to their inward positions no breakage can occur if the shaft 13 is not stopped from rotatingmit the pinion 2l to turn. After the bit has tinued upward movement 'of shaft .13 lifts sleeve 3G permitting pins 33 tobe moved inwardly by springs and disengagelocking -recesses 2,- the partsthen being inthe position shown in Fig. 2, the bit and all parts for driving the same may then be lifted up bodily through the casin ,the collar 42' supporting-the sleeve 36 an the sleeve compressing'the coils. of spring 1(1.int0 contact and thereby positively Vsupporting-'the barreld. When the Vbit is to be lowered into and they are lowered until the lowerfedge lar 2te move away from the sleeve 36ans);

spring-110 sufliciently Vto push'pins"3B-fout;`

'down to engage the pinion -24 andthen V romoved upI intothe positionshown in Figlfl then in position r drilling. YVhat .claim is: c f 1. In a rotary Adrilling apparatus, abit,

casing, and gearing between said `'shaft and bit for driving the bit at a lower speed than theshaftj p p 2. In a .rotary drilling apparatus,ka' bit. cut-ters on the'bit, the well casing,a shaft extending down the well casing',gearing be- .tween said shaft and'bit for driving Athebit adapted to be engaged. by said shatffor-expanding or Contracting said cutters.-

3. In a rotary drilling apparatus, a barrel adapted to be lowered down the well casing, a.v bit revolubly mounted at the lower endA of said barrel, a small shafteXt-,endin'g down the well casing int-o sa'id barrel, andgearing within said barrel between the shaft'and bit for driving the bit at a slower speed than the shaft. A l

casing, a barrel adapted to be lowered down the well casing, a bit revolubly mounted at the lower'end o-f said barrel, a small shaft extending down the lwell casing and into said barrel, gearing within said barrel for the well the parts have-this same position to disenga'ge the pinion 24'. The'partsare 4. In a rotary drilling apparatus, the well y at that time-because the sleeve 25 will-per- 'i been contract-edv the shaft 13 is then raised until the collar 42 Vstrikes sleeve 36, and con-- of the barrel 4 strikes the flange 30 which arrestsv further downward movement Io ffthe g barrel and the shaft 13 is moved still, far-fther downward sufficiently to cause th'col Y permit the latter to vbe'moved down'.l by.,v

ward into engagement with lockingrecesses 2.- The shaft 13 :is then moved still `faather r. f tated to operat'ethe scroll 20 'and slide out the cutters '17 after which the vshaft'livsvcutters on the bit, the well casing, ashaft' -I extending -down Afrom the topv of the well j ata-lower speedth-an the shaft, and gearing '55 ment, even when ange 5 is rotating. When driving said bit at a slower speed than said vhigh .speed l there is always' relative lmoveshaft, and means operated by a longitudinal 1 30'.`

' 6. 'Ine' rotary drilling apparatus, the Well`- fjustzible cutters on said bine lthe' bottom ofthe Well easing,

Loeepi movement of Said shaft for looking orfun-` looking saidbarrel from saidwell casing.

5. I n a rotary drillingvappara'tus, the Weil. easing, a barrel-adapted to be lowered dow-ri v the well casing@ bit-reiolubly mounted at the lower lend .of Said barrel, a 'small `shaft extending4 down the Well easing `and into.

said'burrel, gearingwithin :said barrel for driving-Said bit vat n slower Speed vthan Said. shaft, mea-ns' operated by n. longitudinal emovement of saidl vshft for locking or un-A flocking 'said barrel' front-said well easing,

gadjutzible cutters .on said-bit, andl gearing gadaptedi to be engaged -by longitudinal; .shzl'ft' for` adjustingv Suid i movement of-'s'aid cnsing,fag b'urrel adaptedto bev lowered to :i `bit revolubly n iounted :it the, botto-m of said barrel, :idsinullshaftex- -A'tending downthe Well easing and into said barreh'gearing for adjust-,ing said Cutters', mea-ns for frictionall-y driving said gearing a bit f VShaft. extending down the well casing 'and longitudinally movable, Y .to be engaged by longitudinal movement 'of' the lshaft' for operatively eonne'cting the and means adapted shaft With Osaid `scroll.' l l l,

y 8, 'In combination the Well Ieasing, a bit `tending down `the Well` easing, for detue'hably engaging said therein, adjustable-cutters on the bit, a scroll revolubly Amounted .with respect to the bit,l

lugs [on the euttere engaging' said scroll, gearmgjfor drivingsaid-serolh a shaft exf Suid,` baring. v

9. n combination, the therein, 'zadjustubl'ecutter-s on the bit, fr scroll .revolubly mounted withrespeet 'to the bit,

and menne shaft with A wellv easing, a bit* i lugs onithe lcutters' engaging sri-id scroll, pintern'al geur lmeshing with said pinions,y a

.driving pinion meshing with said firstpinlons,V und n'shuft extending-down the'we'll easing, .and means for engaging -said shaft With Vsaid `driving' pinion'. Y

In.co1nbination.the 'well czising, a Abit therein,adjustable-cutters o n-the bit, afs'eroll 'rei'olubly mounted 'with ,respect to. the bit,V

lugs on the euttersen-geging said serollfvpinionsypivoted on Suid scroll, a stationary inions pivoted on' seidseroll, a stzttiona'ryrinv-ternul geur meshing lwithnid pinionS, a .driving pinion meshing with Suid first pin# ions, a shaft extending down the well ens- Y y ing, frietionul means for rotating Said drive* 'l ing pinion und having n detachable engagey tuent with ssi id shaft.

' In testimony whereof, I have hereunto Set my hund Vat, Los Angeles, QQtl-i dayol'vNovember, 19,11.

g ALFRED C.

In presence of` Gr. T. I-IACKLEY, GLADYS RUssnLn.

CaliiforninJ this STEWART.