US106466A - Improvement in machine for spinning flax, hemp - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

EENRY A. CHAPIN, OF BRIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR To WILLIAM SPARKS THOMSON, OE NEW YORK. I

IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINE FOR SPINNING FLAX, HEMP, SLC.

Specification formingl part of Letters Patent No. 106,466, dated August 1G, 1870.

To all to whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY A. CHAPIN, of Bridgeport, in the State of Connecticut, have invented a new and Improved Method of Spinning Hemp, Flax, or other Similar Fibers; and I do hereby declare that the following is afull and exact description thereof', reference being had to the accompanying drawing, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

The nature of my improvements consistsin compressing devices, herein after described, arranged in advance ofthe flier, and operatin g on the sliver to prevent any twist therein, except between it and the twisting` devices; and they also consist in a pulley provided with a V- shaved groove, around which the yarn, after it has been twisted, is passed, and which, in passing, is compressed between the upper and lower surface of the groove, but does not touch the bottom thereof, and it thus receives as fast as it is produced, and as will be more fully described hereafter, an even tension and conipression throughout its whole length.

Figure lis a front elevation of the spinningmachine containing my improvements; Fig. 2, a sectional elevation; Figs. 3, 4, and 5, details of the organ comprising the first improvement; Fig. G, enlarged section of the grooved pulley, with section of a yarn shown therein; Figs. 7 and 8, detailed plan and elevation of the step of the bobbin-spindle.

The like letters of reference correspond throughout all the figures. I

a is the framing of the machine, b, the shaft, the source of motion to the machine. The shaft b carries three pulleys, b1 b2 b3, and the screw b4. The pulley. b1, by a cord or band, gives motion to the pulley c, attached, by a sleeve, d, to the yarn-carrier c, both turning upon the hollow spindle d1.

The pulley b2 imparts an independent motion to the hollow spindle d1 by cords or bands acting upon the pulley d, to which the spindle d1 is attached. To the spindle dl are fixed the iiier d2 and the V-shaped pulley l.

The pulley b3, by a cord or band, gives the motion to the pulley c, which, by a fixed/key, acting in a Slot in the'axle or sbatte", carries the bobbin frictionvplate c2.

The shaft cl turns in the step c, and is held during its rotation, at its reduced upper extremity, by the hollow spindle d; but the shaft e1 has a quicker motion than the spindle (Z1, in order to give the necessary draft to the bobbin friction-plate on which the bobbin rests, thus, by its draft upon the bobbin, taking up the yarn as it is spun.

The bobbinf turns freely upon the spindle d1 and shaft el, and rests upon the bobbin-plate c2. The bobbin-plate c2 is bored out to allow it to pass freely up and down the shaft c1, but is rotated with it by means of a fixed key, acted on by the slot e3 in the shaft c'.

The bobbin-plate, at its lower part, is formed into the cylindrical bearingc4, turning in the annular step c5. The annular step e5 rests upon or may be formed inthe cross-bearer g, which is made to rise and fall, lifting and lowering the bobbin with it by means of a screw, b4, acting'on the Spur-wheel h, driving the two cams h1 h2, which depress the vertical sliding pieces M1, connected, by the cords i2 3 and pulleys i* 5 s i7, with the cross-bearer g.

I/Vhen the cams have depressed the pieces t' il to their lowest point the bobbin is lifted to its highest point, and the further revolution of the cams releasing the vertical pieces 'i t" of the pressure, the bobbinj'and cross-bar g overbalance the weight of the vertical sliding pieces i' il, and descend by the force of gravity, again to be raised by the action of the cams, and in like manner allowed to descend.

In this manner, or by the use of any mechanism usually employed for this purpose, l a-m able to distribute the yarn evenly and regularly over the bobbins.

j is the yarn coming from the sliver-can, and at j it enters the organ set forth as my first improvement. This apparatus is supported by the framing (c. Itis composed of four pieces of metal, arran ged in two pairs, one pair above the other, each pair pierced vertically with a cylindrical hole for the passage of the yarn, each pair acted upon by an annular ring of caoutchouc or other elastic compressor, so that the yarn may always meet with a certain amount of resistance in its passage through and prevent the ribbon from receiving any twist before passing this organ. Fig. 3 is an elevation of this part in section; Fig. 4, a plan in section, and Fig. 5 a plan in cross-section.

It will be seen that the horizontal dividingline of the two pairs is at right angles with y each other. The employment of two pairs so placed insures, by compression on all sides, a perfectly cylindrical yarn.

k is the metal frame supporting the upper pair of metal blocks, k1 k2, and the lower pair, k3 7a4, each pair compressed by its caoutchouc rings 765 k6.

When the yarn passes from this organ it begins to receive its twist. Passing through the eye c2 of the yarn-carrier c1, the yarn passes through the outer notch, c3, ofthe yarn-carrier, enters by the notch c4, and round the grooved pulley I. This pulley is made with a deep, sharp groove or cut, the groove so made that the yarn in passing half around it, and being therein tightly pinched, so that it cannot slip, is thus drawn with a regular unvarying'speed through the tube above in the yarn-carrier, and thence down the sides ofthe yarnlcarrier.

The grooved pulley, by means ofthe groove formed by the two surfaces, fuliills the part of a perfectly self-acting regulator of the twist, as will be seen by reference to the drawing, Fig. 6 for if, as it often occurs, the sliver or ribbon of the material being spun is not regular in size, upon reaching the pulley it will of necessity be drawn nearer to or farther from the bottom of the groove.

As a large yarn requires less number of twists vin a given length than a small one, it will be `seen that the large yarn, being nearer the outer edge of the pulley, is drawn faster, and consequently receives less twist, than the small yarn, which would be nearer to the bottom of the groove. Thus the pulley works automatically in giving the necessary degree of twist to the yarn without any change in the relative speeds of the lier, the threadcarrier, and bobbin-spindle, upon the latter of which this pulley is carried. From this pulley the yarn comes out through the notch c5, thence through the notch c, and down through the center of the grooved pulley Z, down the hollow spindle dl, and, coming out, passes along the flier d2, and thence to the bobbin f.

The bobbin, when full of yarn, is removed by partial rotation of the lower step, c6, which then drops into the cavity m. The shaft el falls away from the spindle dl, and, being inclined forward, the shaft can be drawn out of the bobbin, bobbin-plate, and pulley e. The full bobbin can then be taken away and replaced by an empty one.

Having now described my invention, I claim- 1. The combination, with, and arranged in advance of, the iiier, of the stationary frame 7c and its compressing-blocks, as and for the purpose described.

2. The grooved pulley for gripin g and drawing the yarn at a variable rate of action, substantially as described.

2. The combination of the yarn-carrier with the grooved pulley, constructed as described, and for the purpose set forth.

HENRY A. GHAPIN.

Witnesses:

D. H. BRANDON,

13 Rue Guillon, Pars. A. H. BRANDON.

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