US1064116A - Vapor electric device. - Google Patents

Description

' E. WEINTRAUB.

VAPOR ELECTRIC DEVICE.

APPLICATION NLED 116.112, 1911A mmm.

Patented June 10, 1913.

A EY ULf/tvlw i595' TTUHNE'Y.

vTo all whom t may concern:

PATENT FFCE..

EZECHIEL'WEIMRAUB, 0F LYNN, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELECTRIC i COMPANY, A CORPORATION 0F NEW YORK.

VAPOR ELECTRIC DEVICE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June il), i w13.

, Be it known that I, -ltzucniEL Weinmann, a citizencf the United States, residing at Lynn, county of Essex, State of Massachir setts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Vapor ElectricDevices, of,`

which the following is a specification. l

My invention relates to vapor electric devices and most particularly to a form of lamp of high efficiency having a,consi der able voltage drop per unit length.

In my previous Patent Number 917,212, I have described a mercury vapor device in which the arc plays in a quartz tube which is surrounded by an `outer glass tube. In the construction described in this patent, the quartz tube is open to the space surrounding it, and therefore the pressure 1n the quartz tube when the lamp is operating is the same as in the space outside of it. When a lamp of this character is operated'under conde tions which allow considerable pressure to accumulate within the quartz tube, a luminant can be secured which has a high elliciency and consumes a greater voltage than when `the inner envelop is allowed to remain in free communication with the space surrounding it. In accordance with my present invention, I have secured this efl'ect without the necessity of separately evacuating and sealing off the inner envelop. This result is accomplisheil by providing only a constricted passage' from theinner envelop to the space surroundingit which sufficiently closes the inner tube during the operation of the'lamp to permit pressure to accumulate therein. The other end of the inner tube is provided with a valve to permit vaporized mercury which may escape into the outer space to flow hack into the inner tube. l

The accompanying drawing is a sectional view of my improved form of lamp.

The outer tube 1 consists ot' Lgfluss, or other transparent material, in which are sealed leading-in wires 2 and 8 in the ,usual man ner. nside` of this container l4 is situated an envelop or tube a consisting of.' fused quartz or silica, or, in fact, of any material more refractory than glass. The upper end of this envelop is drawn out into the form oi' a long narrow tube 5 through which. the continuation of the leadingin wire or stem of the electrode 6 loosely passes, leaving enough space to permit the tube il to be exhausted at the same time that the space surrounding it is exhausted. This construction also fmaires it unnecessary -to seal a ccnluctor into silica.. The other end of' this tube is provided Iwith suitable supports 7 which hold it in a central position'. This end of the envelop Il is provided with a `cylindrical valve 8 which prevents the mercury 9 inside of' the tube from boing forced into the space surrounding the tube by a pressure in the inner envelop when the lamp is operating and, at the same time, allo-ws the mercury to return from the surrounding space into the inner tube when the level of the mercury outside the tube has become high enough to lift the valve.

The lamp is started by tilting in the usual manner, the starting of the arc within the inner tube beingl assured as the stem of electrode 6 is exposed only at a very narrow space between the glass surrounding the same and the tube 5. The spreading of the arc,L after it has once started from the inside of the envelop 4f of the outside space, is prevented by a long,r opening` of practically capillary dimensions which surrounds the stem of the electrode (3; also by the difficulty ot' creating a new cathode spot on the surface of' the mercury outside the inner tube.

During the operation of the lamp, some of the mercury vaporized by the heating of the arc within the inner envelop finds its way into the outer space and thus raises the level of the mercury in this space. This evaporation is ordinarily not great enough to remove any substantial part of the mercury during an ordinary running, period of the lamp. At the end of such period, after the lump has cooled ofi and the pressure within the inner envelop has been reduced, the level of the two mercury surfaces is restored by the lifting of the valve S as already described.

I have thus provided a constrimtiou which permits a mcucury arc` tc he run inside a quarta envelop under appreciable pressure withmjit the necessity off providing` seals.

lV hat 'l' claim as new and desire to secure by Letters latent of the United Ctates, is:

inner envelop to permit vthe return of vapor-` izable material to the inner envelop.

2. In a vapor electric device, cooperating electrodes atleast one of which is mercury, a double Walled-iv envelop, the space Within the inner Wall being in communication with the space outside said Wall through a passage'. of capillary dimensions and@ a valve permitting the accumulation of ,Jpressu're Within said ispace but permitting a return of vaporized`mercury to said space vivhen the pressure is lowest.

v3, ,..In a vapor electric device, coperating electrodes at least one of which consists of mercury, 'an' outer inclosing envelop, an innel" envelop containing said electrodes, the

space Within said inner envelop communif eating Wlth the space intervening between i .'said envelops by a constricted passage, and

u valvel in said inner envelop for equalizing U; mercury level Within and Witho-ut the .Inner envelop.

:. a.' In a vapor electric device, coperating electrodes atleast one of Which consists loit' mercury, `an outer inclosing glass envelop,

'an 1nne1'"'quartz envelop containing nsaid electrodes, said quartz envelop being contracted into the form of a constricted tube at onev encl-v through which the stem of. one of saidelectrodes passes, and a valve at the other end of said quartz tube to enable the level of mercury inside and outside the tube to equalize. y y

5. In a Amercury vapor lamp, the combination of a transparent envelop, an envelop of fused silica therein communicating With the outer envelop through ay tube of capiltube, and means permitting theA return of vaporized'mercury to the quartz envelop thereto is in excess of thejpressure Within.

In Wltness whereof, I have hereunto set .my hand this tenthfday of August, 1911.

EZECHIEL WEINTRAUB.

Witnesses: Y

JOHN A. MoMANUs, Jin, ROBERT SHAND.

' lary dimensions, a mercury cathode and a` 'cooperating solid anode for said silica envelop, a leading-1n conductor for saidanode 40 'passing loosely through the communicating

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