US1062877A - Endless felt. - Google Patents

Description

A. H. BOGANI & W. E. SHEEHAN.

ENDLESS FELT.

APPLIOATION FILED JULY 12, 1910.

Patented May 27 l. .n.47 ,dll

jm/585i I UNITED sTATEs rnTENT oEEIoE.

ARTHUR H. BOGANI, F JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, AND WILLIAM E. SHEEHAN. 0F ALBANY, NEW YORK.

ENDLESS FELT.

Specication ot Letters Patent.

Patented May 27, 1913.

To all 'u1/omit may concern Be it known that we, ARTHUR H. BoGANI, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Jersey City, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, and WILLIAM E. SUEEHAN, a citizen of the United States` and a resident of Albany, in the county of Albany and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Endless Felts, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specificatlon, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and-use thesame.

This invention relates to improvements 1n endless felts and particularly in endless felts used in the manufacture of paper, and known as paper makers felts. t

The object of our invention is to prov1de for use on paper making machines, an endless felt of composite structure, which shall be more lasting and more economlcal, and also more satisfactory than the felts now or heretofore used.

It is our purpose to provide such an endless felt for use as a jacket on what are known in the paper trade as the couchrolls, and also for use as a blanket or carrier for the paper in its progress through the press-rolls in such manufacture.

In the manufacture of paper the pulp goes through the couch-rolls, where itis subjected to great pressure and a considerable portion of the water in the pulp is thereby eliminated, being in large part taken up by the felt. From the couch-roll the paper is transferred to the press-rolls proper, of which there are usually a series, and in these rolls the amount of water or moisture is successively reduced. Y

The felt now used as a jacket on the couch-rolls and also for the press-rolls consists of a woolen woven fabric, of a single thickness, which is subjected to the process of fulling for the purpose of shrinking and compacting the fabric and then, by teazeling, or other process, a nap is raised on the fabric from the threads composing the same, this nap being depended upon to secure a smooth surface to the pulp as it passes through the couch-rolls and the press-rolls. It is found, however, that t-he felt just described and now universally used causes great dissatisfaction, due to the fact that the nap or fluffy surface of the fabric, in

a very short time wears down to such an extent that when the paper passes through the rolls, the threads of the fabric, where the nap is worn, leave an imprint upon the paper and otherwise rou hen and mar its surface, with the result tat the machinery must be stopped for the substitution of new felts on the rolls, all of which is expensive, often requiring also a re-working of the paper due to such defects. All of these disadvantages and losses in operation will be avoided by the use of the composite felt which is the subject of our present invention.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view of a piece of the fabric used as the base for our composite felt, and before the preliminary treatment herein referred to; Fig. 2 is a plan view illustrating a layer of the carded wool, entering into the making 0f the composite felt; Fig. 3 is a cross section of the fabric shown 1n Fig. 1 after the prelimi nary treatment of fulling and with the carded wool felted and securedA thereto; and Flg. 4 is a cross section of the composite felt in place on one of the couch-rolls of a paper making machine.

Now to point out to those skilled in the art how our improved fabric is made. We rst take a coarse, either tightly or loosely woven woolen fabric as vrepresented at A, Fig. 1, the same being made endless, or with the ends joined together, and of the proper size to, after the preliminary treatment hereinafter mentioned, fit the roll or rolls to which itis to be applied. The fabric may be made endless either by carefully sewing the ends thereof together, or, and preferably, this may be done in the operation of weaving the fabric. This fabric is then subjected to a preliminary treatment of fulling, thereby shrinking and compacting the same as much as possible, the threads thereof being closely drawn together as shown at B, Fig. 3. Preferably, it is afterward subjected to a teazeling or other operation, in order to raise more or less nap on the surface of the fabric. These operations are well known to those skilled in the art, and a description of the same will therefore be unnecessary.

Upon the fulled4 woolen fabric just referred to, we continuously place a relatively thin layer of iufy wool, as the same comes in slivers from the carding machines, the same being represented 4at C, Fig. 2. We

continuously deposit on the fabric the slivcrs of carded wool until the latter has reached a considerable thickness relative to the thickness of the woven fabric. The woven fabric, wit-l1 the superposed stratum or layer of carded wool. is thereafter subjected t0 any well known form of felting operation, Wherein by the combined action of heat and moisture and pressure or rubbing, not only the fibers of the carded wool are compacted and felted together, but the fibers of the resultin-g felt are felted securely to the Woolen woven fabric, as shown at l), Fig. 3, so as to be substantially integral therewith.

'l he felt of the combined fabric may, if desired, be afterward subjected to teazeling or other treatment for the purpose of giving it a soft fluffy surface.

At Fig. 4f, we show one use of the composite endless felt in paper making, the same being applied to a couch-roll represented in Whole at E, between which and its companion roll F passes the pulp represented at Gr, carried by the wire-cloth mold or carrier H. As will be evident and as has been found to be the case in practice, the composite fabric resulting from our process of manufacture is very durable, and owing to the backing of Woven Woolen fabric, to which the felt is secured in such manner as to make the two in effect one piece, it is held firmly on the rolls, and is prevented from spreading or being pulled out of shape when in use, and it is apparent that its Working face will last very much longer than the felt now used to which We have above referred and will not mar the surface of the pulp or paper. The outer layer of felt may, o-f course, be made of'any desired thickness, and this is important since upon it depends to a great extent the length of time the jacket or blanket may be used.

Although We have shown and described our composite fabric as formed With a layer of felt on one side only of the woven Woolen fabric, it may also, when desired, be made with such a layer on both sides of said woven fabric.

We claim:

l. The process of making paper-makers felt which consists in fulling and shrinking a tubular fabric, teazeling the surface thereof to raise a nap, attaching thereto continuous thin strata of fiber, and felting the same to said fabric. v

2. The process of making paper-makers felt which consists in fulling and shrinking a tubular woven Woolen fabric, teazeling the surface thereof to raise a nap, attaching thereto continuous thin strata of wool, and felting the saine to said fabric.

3. A paper-makers felt comprising a fulled and shrunk tubular fabric having a raised nap, and a plurality of continuous thin strata of ber attached to and felted thereon.

4. A paper-makers felt comprising a fulled and shrunk tubular Woven Woolen fabric having a raised nap, and a plurality of continuous thin strata of Wool attached to and felted thereon.

ARTHUR H. BOGANI. WILLIAM E. SHEEHAN. Witnesses:

LAURA E. SMITH, NELLIE FLAHERTY.

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