US1061279A - Ore smelting and refining apparatus. - Google Patents

Ore smelting and refining apparatus. Download PDF

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US1061279A
US1061279A US53645310A US1910536453A US1061279A US 1061279 A US1061279 A US 1061279A US 53645310 A US53645310 A US 53645310A US 1910536453 A US1910536453 A US 1910536453A US 1061279 A US1061279 A US 1061279A
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barrel
ore
twyers
smelting
flue
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Edward Fink
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FINK SMELTERS Co
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FINK SMELTERS Co
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/08—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in rotary furnaces
    • C21B13/085—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in rotary furnaces wherein iron or steel is obtained in a molten state

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  • This invention relates more particularly to improvements upon apparatus of the class and for the general purposes of that shown and described in mv application Se rial No. 423,797 filed March 28, 1908.
  • the main objects of the improvements constituting the present invention are to provide for a continuous feed of ore into the apparatus as well as continuous preheating and smelting operations, particularly ⁇ for the treatment of ores containing an excess or largeV percentage of sulfur, and generally to improve the construction and operation of apparatus of this class.
  • Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section on thefline l 1, lfig. 2, of apparatus embodying the invention
  • Fig. 2 is an end elevation and a vertical cross section of t-he apparatus on the line E. 2, Fig. 1
  • Fig. 3 is an end elevation of the smeltng' barrel as seen from the left relative to Fig. 1
  • Fig. 4 is a plan view of the adjustable cam for operating the valves which control the supply of air to the twyers
  • Fig. 5 is any enlarged view in longitudinal section of a suitable form of burner With which the apparatus may be provided when liquid fuel such as oil is used.
  • the apparatus comprises a rotary roasting or heating barrel c, and a rotary smelting barrel b, which may be tf cylindrical forni and mounted one above the other as shown.
  • VThese barrels may be formed of boiler plate or heavy sheet meta lined with fire brick, clay or suitable refractory mate rial ⁇ to protect the metal shells n' casings.
  • lhey are each mounted upon supporting wheels or rollers f' so as to be capable of rotation around their axes, the wheels or rollers being preferably flanged or grooved and the barrels provided with circular rails (l fitting between the flanges or into the grooves of said wheels or rollers. (,)ne orv more oi the wheels or rollers associated with each barrel is provided with a pulley e or other means for rotating the barrel.
  • the barrel is provided at one end with an outwardly flanged central opening which is connected by a flue f with the lower end of the barrel a, the latter being set at an inclination, as shown, to cause the ore fed into its upper open end to flow or travel gradu; ally toward its lower -end when the barrel is rotated.
  • the upper end of the barrel a communi- Cates with a chininey'or escape flue g, and around the central opening in its lower end, with which the flue f communicates, is provided with a circular series of openings It for the continuous discharge of ore on the under side and the admission of air, if desired, on the upper side.
  • These openings may, if desirable, be closed or partially closed above and at the sides of the flue Ore is fed into the barrel a. from a hoppefr 'i having a spout passing through the chimney or escape flue f/ into the upper end of said barrel, and the feed is regulated by a valve
  • the ore is discharged from said barrel a. through the openings h.
  • the spout o r pipe Z is provided with a. valve n which controls the supply of ore ⁇ from the hopper t: to the barrel Z1.
  • the tube or pipe fm. may serve also as a fuel and l ⁇ or this purpose it is divided lengthwise by a partition as shown in Fig. 2, one side or passage being used for feeding ore and the other for fuel and air. W hen dry powdered fuel is used it is ⁇ introduced into the smelting barrel b through one side or passage of the tube or pipe m with or by mea sof an air blast, no
  • W ien oil or liquid fuel is used, a spraying separate burner nozzle being' required; but' ELO nozzle or burner 0,-such as shown in Fig. 5,A
  • An air' supply pipe valve g leads into the spout or pipe Z above the valve n and affords means for keeping the orev feed passage into the barrel I) .open
  • a n air blast pipe r is connected with the fuel supply or burner side or passage of the tube or pipe m.
  • the flue f has an opening opposite the opening in the adjacent end of the barrel'b
  • Twyer openings or passagesw lead radially from each wind box t through the intervening shell and' lining into the interior o f the barrel and opposite c these openings or passages short pipes or openings which are normally closed by caps or plugs m are provided in the outer Wall of each tvvyer box for the insertion of a rod to punch the twyers and keep them open.
  • twyer boxes and groups of twyers are preferably a number of these twyer boxes and groups of twyers, in the present cas three, so disposed around the barrel thatetheA air blast through them into the charge wilhbev practically continuous and that the barrelnav be stopped in one or more positions in which all of the twyers will be above the level of the charge, thus permitting the melted charge to settle without agitation by the air blast.
  • the Wind box u is connected by a pipe y with a blower a and the admission of air therefrom to the several twyer boxes is conl trolled by spring seated valves 2, the stems of which project outwardly from sald Wind sbox parallel .with and equidistant from the axis of the barrel and are provided with rollers or heads 3 adapted by engagement with a stationary cam ll to open said valves and hold them open while the twycrs arc 5o passing belouT the charge, the barrel being rotated in the direction indicated by the ⁇ arrow on Fig. 3.
  • the cam 4- is formed as shown in Figs. l,V
  • the crude or raw ore fed from the hopper iinto the upper end of the rotating barrel a gradually travels downward through said barrel, in whichit is subjected to the hot products of combustion escaping from the smelting barrel b through the flue and thence through the barrel a into the chimney or escape flue g.
  • rl ⁇ he ore is thus heated andpartially roasted preparatory to being smelted, in the barrel fumes and products of eombustionare carried off through the upper open endv of the barrel a into the chimney or flue g.
  • heated and partially roasted ore is -discharged through the openings 7i at the lower end of the barrel a into the hopper 7c, from which it is delivered through the spout or pipe Z into the feed tube or pipe fm, and thenceinto the rotating barrel b.
  • a molten bath is maintained in the barrel b to receive the through the tube or pipe m, and air is con stanily introduced into the barrel through the supply pipe r and one side or passage of the tube or pipe m, and into the bath through the twyers fw.
  • the cam l is adjustedv from .time to time according to the level of the molten bath so that the valves 2 vwll be opened as the corresponding twyers are aboutvto pass below the level of the bath and will be closed after saidl twyers leave the bath.
  • Rapid desulfurization 'and smelting of the ore takes place throughout the entire operation of smclting and ore is continuously fed into thebarrel b until the full'lcapacity ofthe barrel has been reached.
  • "For ores containing a smaller pereentage'of sulfur, moreor less fuel is required, and this is sup- Inthe operation of the apparatus as hereinbefore described, particularly inthe treati to its cylindrical wall as shown in Figs. l
  • the supply of ore thereto is stopped, the twyers fw are all turned into positions above the level of the bath and the matte is allowed to settle.
  • the heat is kept up by the operation of the burner or by the supply o'f fuel through the tube or pi )e m, so that the slag becomes thoroughly liquid, thus permitting a clean separation of the matte therefrom.
  • the slag is now drawn off through one of the tap holes provided with the plugs l0 by turning the barrel info the proper position therefor.
  • the matte is allowed to accumulate for twenty-four hours or more, so that but a single refining operation per day is necessary, but when the ore is rich in metal it may be desirable to refine oftener.
  • the quality of matte produced during the sinelting operation depends entirely upon the rate of supply of ore to the smelting barrel, the slower the feed the richer the matte, but it is desirable to regulate the feed so as lto produce a matte containing about fitty per cent. of metal.
  • air is supplied to the bath through the twyers w, but instead of rotating the barrel continuously in one direction as in the lslnelting operation. it is simply oseillated, the twyers being kept above the level of the metal to prevent chilling the saine.
  • silicar is supplied to the molten charge through the hopper 71: and feed tube or pipe m.
  • the method and means of refining,y hereinbefore described does ⁇ away with silieiousl linings and avoids the skimming operations which are essential with ordinary converters according to the usual practice ⁇
  • the saine apparatus and the same workmen or attendants serve both for the smelting and for the refining operations.
  • automat-ic spring scat ed valves 2 and the earn Ll may be dispensed with and the air supply connections from the wind box 'n to the twyer boxes t left constantly open.
  • terni rotary as herein employed it is intended to include rotation alternately in opposite directions or a rockingr or oscillatory increment, as well as continuous rotation in a single direction.
  • ln ore snieliinpr and refining' apparatus the combination ot a rotary smelling ⁇ barrel having an opening' in one cnd a rotary heating barrel, a flue connecting the end opening oi'ithe sineltinp; borrel with one end of the heating; barrel, u ehilnliey with which the other end oi the heating barrel conn'nunieates,
  • a rotary barrel having an end opening and ⁇ twyers located at intervals .around the barrel, a connection adapted to supplyair under pressure to said twyers, and means for supplying ore and separate means for supplying fuel through said opening while the barrel is in motion.
  • in ore smelting and refining apparatus the combination of a rotary barrel having twye'rs arranged at intervals around it and tap holes located one adjacent to the radial position of one of the twyers and another midway between adjacent twyers and adjacent to the peripheryv of the barrel#- and means of supplying air under pressure to the twyers while the barrel is in motion.
  • a rotary cylindrical barrel provided at one end with a Wind box and at intervals around itsperiphery with longitudinal .twyer boxes each connected with the interior of the barrel by radial passages andv with the wind box by a pipe, an air pressure supply pipe having a ycentral slip connection with the wind box.
  • self-closing valves controlling the supply of air from the wind box to the several twyer boxes and a stationary cam adapted to open said valves at predetermined points in the circuit of the tu'yers as the' barrel is rotated.
  • a rotary barrel havling a wind box at one end and at intervals around its periphery twyer boxes which communicate with thevinterior of the barrel through radial passages andare connected with the wind box by pipes, an air pressure supply pipe connected vwith the Wind box, valves controlling the supply of air from the wind box to the several twyer boxes, and a stationary cam having adjustable inclined ends and adapted to open and close said valves at different predetermined points in the circuit of the tvvyers When the barrel is rotated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Description

EL IIYNK.
ORE SM1-:HHM:- Mm REFINING APPARATUS.
APITMA'L'IUTT FILED JAN. 5, 1910.
Patented May 1, 1913.
2 SHEETS-SHEET l.
.652C (rana, (16,) o r2.3/ f /II//kf/ Afa.,
E. PINK. om; Smmlm @ND MIPLNING APPARATUS APPLIUATN' VILHD JAN. 5, 1910. LOLWQ Mw. www l si nsrafrnn'r onirica.
. EDWARD FINK, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR' TO PINK SMEL'IERS COM- PANY, Oli CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION 0F SOUTHDAKOTA.
ORE SMELTING AND REFINING PPARATUS.
Specification of Letters Patent.
AppIicaton filed January 5, 1910. Serial No. 536,453.
boing had to the accompanying drawing,
forming a part thereof.
This invention relates more particularly to improvements upon apparatus of the class and for the general purposes of that shown and described in mv application Se rial No. 423,797 filed March 28, 1908.
The main objects of the improvements constituting the present invention are to provide for a continuous feed of ore into the apparatus as well as continuous preheating and smelting operations, particularly `for the treatment of ores containing an excess or largeV percentage of sulfur, and generally to improve the construction and operation of apparatus of this class.
It consists in the construction, arrange ment and combination of parts as hereinafter particularly described and then defined in the appended claims.
ln the accompanying drawing like characters designate the same parts in the sev eral figures.
Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section on thefline l 1, lfig. 2, of apparatus embodying the invention; Fig. 2 is an end elevation and a vertical cross section of t-he apparatus on the line E. 2, Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is an end elevation of the smeltng' barrel as seen from the left relative to Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a plan view of the adjustable cam for operating the valves which control the supply of air to the twyers, and Fig. 5 is any enlarged view in longitudinal section of a suitable form of burner With which the apparatus may be provided when liquid fuel such as oil is used.
The apparatus comprises a rotary roasting or heating barrel c, and a rotary smelting barrel b, which may be tf cylindrical forni and mounted one above the other as shown. VThese barrels may be formed of boiler plate or heavy sheet meta lined with fire brick, clay or suitable refractory mate rial `to protect the metal shells n' casings.
'air sup )ly or burner pipe.
Patented May 13, 1913.
lhey are each mounted upon supporting wheels or rollers f' so as to be capable of rotation around their axes, the wheels or rollers being preferably flanged or grooved and the barrels provided with circular rails (l fitting between the flanges or into the grooves of said wheels or rollers. (,)ne orv more oi the wheels or rollers associated with each barrel is provided with a pulley e or other means for rotating the barrel.
The barrel is provided at one end with an outwardly flanged central opening which is connected by a flue f with the lower end of the barrel a, the latter being set at an inclination, as shown, to cause the ore fed into its upper open end to flow or travel gradu; ally toward its lower -end when the barrel is rotated.
The upper end of the barrel a communi- Cates with a chininey'or escape flue g, and around the central opening in its lower end, with which the flue f communicates, is provided with a circular series of openings It for the continuous discharge of ore on the under side and the admission of air, if desired, on the upper side. These openings may, if desirable, be closed or partially closed above and at the sides of the flue Ore is fed into the barrel a. from a hoppefr 'i having a spout passing through the chimney or escape flue f/ into the upper end of said barrel, and the feed is regulated by a valve The ore is discharged from said barrel a. through the openings h. below the flue 7' into a hopper /r which is connected at the bottom by a spout or pipe Z with the feed tube or pipe m which passes downwardly through the flue f into the central opening in the adjacent end of the sineltin barrel l). The spout o r pipe Z is provided with a. valve n which controls the supply of ore `from the hopper t: to the barrel Z1. The tube or pipe fm. may serve also as a fuel and l` or this purpose it is divided lengthwise by a partition as shown in Fig. 2, one side or passage being used for feeding ore and the other for fuel and air. W hen dry powdered fuel is used it is `introduced into the smelting barrel b through one side or passage of the tube or pipe m with or by mea sof an air blast, no
W ien oil or liquid fuel is used, a spraying separate burner nozzle being' required; but' ELO nozzle or burner 0,-such as shown in Fig. 5,A
is insertedin one side orpassage of the feed I tube or pipe m, as shown in Fig. 1.
An air' supply pipe valve g, leads into the spout or pipe Z above the valve n and affords means for keeping the orev feed passage into the barrel I) .open
A n air blast pipe r is connected with the fuel supply or burner side or passage of the tube or pipe m.
The flue f has an opening opposite the opening in the adjacent end of the barrel'b,
and this opening is provided with a remov.y
`box u which is connected by a pipe o with each twyer box. Twyer openings or passagesw lead radially from each wind box t through the intervening shell and' lining into the interior o f the barrel and opposite c these openings or passages short pipes or openings which are normally closed by caps or plugs m are provided in the outer Wall of each tvvyer box for the insertion of a rod to punch the twyers and keep them open.
There* are preferably a number of these twyer boxes and groups of twyers, in the present cas three, so disposed around the barrel thatetheA air blast through them into the charge wilhbev practically continuous and that the barrelnav be stopped in one or more positions in which all of the twyers will be above the level of the charge, thus permitting the melted charge to settle without agitation by the air blast.
The Wind box u is connected by a pipe y with a blower a and the admission of air therefrom to the several twyer boxes is conl trolled by spring seated valves 2, the stems of which project outwardly from sald Wind sbox parallel .with and equidistant from the axis of the barrel and are provided with rollers or heads 3 adapted by engagement with a stationary cam ll to open said valves and hold them open while the twycrs arc 5o passing belouT the charge, the barrel being rotated in the direction indicated by the `arrow on Fig. 3.
The cam 4- is formed as shown in Figs. l,V
3 and 4, with outwardly beveled or inclined faces at the ends so as to gradually open the valves 2 and permit them to'gradually close as the twyers are passing into and leaving the charge. 1t is also made adjustable so as to properly time the opening and closing of the valves according to the varying level of the charge. This may be accomplished as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, by hinging the beveled or inclined end sections 5 of the cam to the middle section 6 which is fixed, and connecting them by right and left screwvp provided with a threaded rods 7 and a correspondingly threaded sleeve nut 8, rotatably mounted and confined agauinst endwise movement on the fixed middle section.
Midway between adjacent twyer boxes t one end of the barrel I) is formed adjacent and 3, Withone or more tap holes which are normally` closed by plugs 9, for drawing metal or matte from the lower part of the charge. It is also formed adjacent to but a littlein advance of one or more of the twy'er )boxes with one or more tap holes which are normally closed by plugs 10, for drawing off slag fromthe upper part of the charge while the twyers w are `above the charge and are shut off from the air supply.
ment of ores containing an excess or large percentage of sulfur, the crude or raw ore fed from the hopper iinto the upper end of the rotating barrel a, gradually travels downward through said barrel, in whichit is subjected to the hot products of combustion escaping from the smelting barrel b through the flue and thence through the barrel a into the chimney or escape flue g. rl`he ore is thus heated andpartially roasted preparatory to being smelted, in the barrel fumes and products of eombustionare carried off through the upper open endv of the barrel a into the chimney or flue g. heated and partially roasted ore is -discharged through the openings 7i at the lower end of the barrel a into the hopper 7c, from which it is delivered through the spout or pipe Z into the feed tube or pipe fm, and thenceinto the rotating barrel b. During the entire smelting operation a molten bath is maintained in the barrel b to receive the through the tube or pipe m, and air is con stanily introduced into the barrel through the supply pipe r and one side or passage of the tube or pipe m, and into the bath through the twyers fw. The cam l is adjustedv from .time to time according to the level of the molten bath so that the valves 2 vwll be opened as the corresponding twyers are aboutvto pass below the level of the bath and will be closed after saidl twyers leave the bath. Rapid desulfurization 'and smelting of the ore takes place throughout the entire operation of smclting and ore is continuously fed into thebarrel b until the full'lcapacity ofthe barrel has been reached. ln the treat-ment of ores containing a large nercentage of sulfur, but little fuel is required during the smelting operation, as the combustion of the sulfur and the slagging of the bases generates sutlicient heat. "For ores containing a smaller pereentage'of sulfur, moreor less fuel is required, and this is sup- Inthe operation of the apparatus as hereinbefore described, particularly inthe treati to its cylindrical wall as shown in Figs. l
b, and the moisture together with the sulfurl The i ore as it is continuously fed into the barrel plied to the burner o when oil is used, with a j blast orjet of air or steam through the pipes pacity of the srnelting barrel L or the de.
sired volume, the supply of ore thereto is stopped, the twyers fw are all turned into positions above the level of the bath and the matte is allowed to settle. The heat is kept up by the operation of the burner or by the supply o'f fuel through the tube or pi )e m, so that the slag becomes thoroughly liquid, thus permitting a clean separation of the matte therefrom. The slag is now drawn off through one of the tap holes provided with the plugs l0 by turning the barrel info the proper position therefor. Under ordi-iv nary conditions the matte is allowed to accumulate for twenty-four hours or more, so that but a single refining operation per day is necessary, but when the ore is rich in metal it may be desirable to refine oftener. The quality of matte produced during the sinelting operation depends entirely upon the rate of supply of ore to the smelting barrel, the slower the feed the richer the matte, but it is desirable to regulate the feed so as lto produce a matte containing about fitty per cent. of metal. During the refining operation air is supplied to the bath through the twyers w, but instead of rotating the barrel continuously in one direction as in the lslnelting operation. it is simply oseillated, the twyers being kept above the level of the metal to prevent chilling the saine. If necessary to protect the lining' ot the smelting barrel, silicar is supplied to the molten charge through the hopper 71: and feed tube or pipe m. ln case the inetal as it is formed by the refining oj'ieration shows a tendency to chill, this may he prevented `by turningQpn4l the fuel supply. When the charge is in condition for drawing off the inetal produced by the refining operation?` one of the tap holes provided with the plugs 9 is turned into its lowerrnost position at the bottom of the barrel, thereby carrying all the twyers above the level of the charge, the plug is removed, and the metal drawn oft'. The slag; from the refining operation, which is often rich in copper or metal, is retained in the smelting barrel and^ torins the husie for starting the next smelting operation.
The method and means of refining,y hereinbefore described does `away with silieiousl linings and avoids the skimming operations which are essential with ordinary converters according to the usual practice` The saine apparatus and the same workmen or attendants serve both for the smelting and for the refining operations.
ln certain cases the automat-ic spring scat ed valves 2 and the earn Ll may be dispensed with and the air supply connections from the wind box 'n to the twyer boxes t left constantly open.
Various changes and irnodifieutions in details oi." construction and arrangement ot parts may he made without departing,r from the principle and scope of the invention. j
By the terni rotary as herein employed it is intended to include rotation alternately in opposite directions or a rockingr or oscillatory increment, as well as continuous rotation in a single direction.
.l claim:
1. ln ore sinelting and refining apparatus the combination ot' a rotary sinelting barrel .having` un opening' in one end, a rotary heating barrel, :i ihn` connecting the end opening" of the sinelting barrel with one end ot the heating barrel, an escape ilue with which ille other end ol' the heating;r hui'i'el connnuni- Cates, means t'or feeding orc into thc end of' the heating' barrel adjacent to the escupe flue, and ineifns for coinluetingl the ore independently oi said flue from' the other end of the heatingr barrel into thc smelting barrel while said. barrels are in motion.
2. ln ore smeltinpr and refining' apparatus the combination of a rotary sineltingV barrel having' a central opening' in one end, a rotary heating barrel, u flue connectingN the'end opening oi the smelling harrcl with one end of the heating;l harz-eh an escape flue with which the other end of the heatingr barrel communicates, an orc feed spout passing through the escape flue .info the adjacent end o't' the heating barrel7 and an oreconduitleading from the other end oi' theheaiing barrel through the ('oi'ineciinlr flue into the end oj'nningr ot" the sulelting hurl-el.
l. ln ore sulcltinp; and refining' apparatus the combination of a rotary iuneltingir barrel having an opening' iu one endt 1 rotary heatinp; burreh u flue ,-onnccline' the end opening of the smelling barrel with one end ot` the heating' barrel` :in escape flue with which the other end of the heating barrel connnunie-alesN inoans t'or feeding ore into the end ot' the heating' hari'el adjacent to the escape flue, a longitudinally divided feed pipe pussing through the connecting flue into the end opening,r of the sniclting hai-rel` un ol'c conduit leading :troni the end of the heating barrel adjacent to the connecting flue into one passage of said teed pipin and 'tuel and air supply pipesl connected with the other passage o'f said toed pipe.
, ln ore snieliinpr and refining' apparatus the combination ot a rotary smelling` barrel having an opening' in one cnd a rotary heating barrel, a flue connecting the end opening oi'ithe sineltinp; borrel with one end of the heating; barrel, u ehilnliey with which the other end oi the heating barrel conn'nunieates,
a feed `spout passing through s aid chimney'into'the adjacent end of the heating barrel, and provided with a regulating valve,
and an ore conduit leading from the other vend of the heating barrel through the con- A having an opening in one end, a rotary heating barrel, a llue connecting the end opening of the smelting barrel with one end of the heating barrel, a chimney with which the other end of the heating barrel communicates, means for feeding ore into the end of the heating barrel adjacent` to said chimney, an ore conduit leading from the other end of the heating barrel into the smelting barrel, and an air supply pipe directed into said conduit toward the smelting barrel.
6.. in ore smelting and refining apparatus the combination oi a rotary barrel having an end opening and twyers located at intervalsI around the barrel, a connection adapted to supply air under pressure to said twycrs` and means :for supplying ore through said opening While the barrel is in motion.
7. In ore smelting and refining apparatus the combination of a rotary barrel having an end opening and `twyers located at intervals .around the barrel, a connection adapted to supplyair under pressure to said twyers, and means for supplying ore and separate means for supplying fuel through said opening while the barrel is in motion.
8. ln ore smelting and refining apparatus, the combination of a rotary barrel having an end opening and twyers located at intervals around the barrel, a connection adapted to Supply air under pressure to said twyers and means for supplying ore and separate means for supplylngfuel and air through said oieninfr above the chal-oe u'hile the b h barrel is in motion. j
9. In ore smelting and refininpY apparatus the combination of a rotary barrel provided at intervals around it with twyers, valve controlled air pressure supply connections leading to the several twyers, and adj ustable means for opening and closing the valves in said connections at different predetermined positions of the twyers in their circuit as the barrel is turned.
10. In ore smelting and refining apparaway between adjacent tvvyers, and means of supplying air under pressure to the twyers While the barrel is in motion.
11. in ore smelting and refining apparatus the combination of a rotary barrel having twye'rs arranged at intervals around it and tap holes located one adjacent to the radial position of one of the twyers and another midway between adjacent twyers and adjacent to the peripheryv of the barrel#- and means of supplying air under pressure to the twyers while the barrel is in motion.
12. In ore smelting and refining apparatus the combination of a rotary cylindrical barrel provided at one end with a Wind box and at intervals around itsperiphery with longitudinal .twyer boxes each connected with the interior of the barrel by radial passages andv with the wind box by a pipe, an air pressure supply pipe having a ycentral slip connection with the wind box. self-closing valves controlling the supply of air from the wind box to the several twyer boxes and a stationary cam adapted to open said valves at predetermined points in the circuit of the tu'yers as the' barrel is rotated.
13. In ore smelting and refining apparatus the combination of a rotary barrel havling a wind box at one end and at intervals around its periphery twyer boxes which communicate with thevinterior of the barrel through radial passages andare connected with the wind box by pipes, an air pressure supply pipe connected vwith the Wind box, valves controlling the supply of air from the wind box to the several twyer boxes, and a stationary cam having adjustable inclined ends and adapted to open and close said valves at different predetermined points in the circuit of the tvvyers When the barrel is rotated.
14. In ore smelting and refining apparatus the combination of a rotary barrel having twyers located at intervals around it and adapted to be all broughtto rest above the level of the molten charge in the barrel. and a tap hole located between adjacent sets of' twyers in vposition `to draw oft'.the charge from the lower part of the barrel when all the twj'crs are thus lrought to rest above the charge, and a eormeetion adapted to s-up-
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