US1059977A

US1059977A - Safety instantaneous water-heater.

Info

Publication number: US1059977A
Application number: US49079309A
Authority: US
Inventors: Frank N Roehrich
Original assignee: GEORGE P CARROLL
Current assignee: GEORGE P CARROLL
Priority date: 1909-04-19
Filing date: 1909-04-19
Publication date: 1913-04-29
Anticipated expiration: 1930-04-29

Description

G. P. CARROLL & 1E. N. ROHRCH. -SAEETY INSTANTANEOUS WATER HEATER.

APPLICATION FILED APB.19, 1909.

g?. Patented Apr. 29, 1913.

, 1, 2 9 asEEETjs-SHEET 1.

56- l v j "2"" w30 -k-lnlmlmlsl l E. if 5 www@ doeo G. P. CARROLL & P. N. ROEHRICH.

I SAFETY INSTANTANEOUS WATEEHEATER.

APPLICATION FILED APR..19, 1909.

l,059,97?. Patented Apr. 29, 1913.

3 SHBBTSSHEET 2.

M@ M M G.P.GARROLL &R .ROEHRICH.

SAFETY INSTANTANEOUS WATER HEATER.

. APPLICATION FILED APRJQ, 1909. l,059,977

nvanhmw eEoneE nounou., or BRIDGEPORT, ooNNEcTIoUT, AND FRANK N. RoEHmcH, or

- Niawronx, N. Y.; SAID nommen AssIeNon ro sAIn CARROLL.

SAFETY INSTANTANEOUS WATEB-HEATE.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that we, GEORGE?. CAnRoL L and'fFnANK N. RoEHRIcH, respectively a citizen of and an applicantv for citizenship'in:

the United States, residing, respectively, at

the city of Bridgeport, .county .o f Fairfield, and State of Connecticut, and 1n the city, x county, and State of New Yorlqhave ]o1ntly invented ja new and useful Safety Installtaneous Water-Heater, of which the following is a specification. Our invention relates to improvements 1n water heaters which'are automatically and 4instantaneously heated upon the opening of a faucet. to draw pff the water from the heating coil. t Itconsists of -means whereby .the flow of water from a faucet automatically causes the closing of an electric circuit, if a pllot `flame is burning, so as to open a valve for admitting fuelto'the main heating burners in proximity to the pilot flame, whereby the cessation of such flow breaks the circuit and causes the valve to close, and .whereby any chance. extinguishment of the pilot fiame quickly and lautomatically .prevents the opening of the valve and causes 1tv to close` if open and also struts oiil the supply ot fuel to the pilot flame until human agency lntervenesto again start the automatic operation ofthe heater. I A AWhile in the description the liquid to be heated vis referred to as water., it isto be understood that this word typifies any '35 liquid which it is desired to'havc heated only while being drawn off; and while the iuid fuel'is described as gas, this word also is to be understood as being typical of any fluid fuel.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a partial elevation and a partial vertical sect-ion of our invention with diagrammatic connections. Fig. 2'is a detail of apart of the same structure, partially in elevation and partially in vertical section. Fig. 3 is a partial front elevation of a water controlled switch anda f 'partial vertical section of the same through the line 3--3 of Fig. 5.-looking toward the left. Fig. 4 is a front elevation of the same structure. Fig. 5 is a partial left side elevration of the same structure and a "arti'al vertical section of the same throught e line 5 5 of Fig. 4 looking toward the-right. Fig. 6 is a partialelevation and a partial Ivertical section through the line 6-6 of next.4

Speeioation of Letters Patent. Appnaatio med April 19;'1909. seriai No. 490,793.

figure, looking toward the. right, of a not flame valve. Fig. 7 is a plan View o the Same valve and 1ts actuating device. Fig. 8

Ais aleft end elevation of a thermostatc switch and a partial elevation and a partial vertical section of the adjacent structure.

A tripodal base .15, havin -fa central vertical opening forl the upwar passage of'air,

'supports an annular gas distributing chamber 16, surroundingvthe opening. A convenlent number, say tenof BunsenI burners 17, have their -lower ends removably fitting lntothe upper side of the chamber 16, only the rear half, however,A of these burners being shown in Fig. `1. Around the outer edge of the top of the base 15 is supported'a ratenteaApir. 2a, lois.

lowei` cylindrical casing 18, having openings 19 near its 'lower edge for the inward passage of a-ir. An outwardly ianged ring 20 `rests within and above the casing 18. An

upper outer cylindrical casing 21 rests on the flange of--the ring 20 and closes in at the top so as lfto. leave acomparatively small vent 22 at the center of its top. A smaller cyllndrical casing 23 is also supported by the 'ring 2() so as to leave an annular air space between the

casings

21 and 23. and is open at its top for almost its entire'diameter.

Leading from a wa er inlet pipe 24, connected with a source of Water supply notshown, is a liquid chamber 25 in the form of' a series of pipe coils constructedas fol lows: As th'eliquid chamber `leads from the inlet pipe 24 through the side of thecasing 21 near its top, it forms a large upper coil 25a occupymgthe top of the casing 23;

thence the coil narrows downward hour glass fashion and then enla rges, still con-- tinuing-its downward course, int'o the large coil 25h; -thence the coil narrows and again enlarges, continuing downward into the large coil 25; thence the coil drops down by the vert-ical pipe 26 so as to form the large `coil 25d, immediately over the. top of the burners; thence the coil proceeds upward, first narrowlng and then enlarging; and

Afinally the liquid chamber passes to the outside through the walls of

thecasings

23 and 21 about one-third of the dist-ance above the ring 20.

Above and rextending vlaterally over the vent 22 is a lower hood 27, having an opening 28 at its top. Above and extending laterally over the opening 28 is an upper hood 29,- within which is supported adeiiector.

This deliector is in the form of two opposed shallow cones with their adjacent bases in a horiontal plane; and it has the apex of its lower cone projecting just within the opening 28. The upper end of the hood 29 is to be understood as leading to a chimney flue, not shown. The parts are also so constructed and positioned that the bottom of the hood 27 is a little below the vent 22, lea-ving passages to and from the spaces outside ot' the casing 21; that the bottom of the hood 29 isrsomewhat below the opening 28, leaving passages to and from the spaces outside ofthe hood 27; and that free upward passages eXist through the opening 28 between the hood 27 and the dellector 30 and between the hood 29 and the delector 30.

. Secured to the inlet end of a gas supply pipe 31 is a gas supply valve'32 that is to be kept open all the time 'during which it is.

desired that the heaterlbe Aautomatically operative. Secured to the chamber of the valve 32 in horizontal alinement therewith is an electric valve chamber 33 preferably of brass and having a flat horizontal valve seat 34. A threaded union 35 connects the free end ofthe chamber 33 anda throt-tling valve chamber 436. From the under side of the chamber 36 a main pipe 37 leads to the distributing chamber 16. F rom the chamber 33, between its inlet end and' the valve seat 34,- a small pipe 38 leads into a pilot flame valve chamber 39; and from thence the pipe 38 leads t-o a pilot flame` burner 40, having its mouth in proximity to the mouths of the main lburners 17. It will be noted that any valve adapted for seating on the seat 34 controls the chambers, essentially constituting a fuel supply pipe, leading from the seat to the main vburners 17, and that `the pilot burner 40 has a supplyinlet separate from the pipe control-led by such valve.

The liquid chamber 25 leads into the lower part of an upright tube 41. From the tube 41 a hot water pipe 42 leads into a disk valve chamber 43; and^from thence'a pipe 44-leads to any desired places. Any desired number of faucets 45, leadingy from the pipe 44, when opened singly or collectively, have an operative effect tobe-described.

While any kind of electric valve, adapted to'keep the valve seat 34 open during the passage of`an electric current and to permit ofl its being automatically closed upon the cessation of such current, might be used as a part of our apparatus; we prefer toemploy-the kind of electric valve now to be described, inasmuch as it obviates the necessity of a st'ufl'ing box.

A disk valve 46 has somewhat flexibly secured to the center of its top an iron stem 47. Just above the valve- 46 the stem is threaded for the support of an internally Vthreaded brass disk 48. A coiled spring 49 surrounds the stem and abuts at its lower end against the disk 48. An externally and internally threaded brass nut 50, having a iange above its outside threadyis screwedinto the internally threaded top of the chamber 33 outside of the spring 49 so that its flange covers the top of the chamber. The nut just below its internal thread has a shoulder against whichA the upper -end of the spring abuts. The spring 49, acting through the disk 48 and the stem 47, thus constantly tends and normally is effective to seat the valve 46 upon the seat 34. The strength of the spring 49 can be varied by a proper adjustment of -the disk 48 and always can be made such as to prevent the disk from hitting againstthe shoulder of A y the nut 50 .on an-upward movement' of the disk. An iron core 51 has a hollow bore,

'and is .transversely pierced neanits top by a pin 52 extending at each endl into an adjathe pin is in the top of the, slots and sup? ports the core'as shown in Fig. 2. An iron lplate 53 tits over a hubon top of the nut 50 and supports an insulating disk 54. A thin brass tube 55 is externally `threaded at its lower end and is screwed into they plate 53, correspondingly threaded, and into the internal thread of the nut-50. Surrounding the tube 55 and `supported by the disk 54 is a vsolenoid coi1"5`6` ofvinsulated copper, wire.

v9o cent slot. When the core fis unmagnetized AAnother insulatingv disk 57l surroundsthe-- tube at its top and-Scovers the-coil. An iron i plug 58 fitsclosely into the.k upper half-o.

the tube 55.*. An iron yoke 59?tsfoverthe disk 57 ,the tube 55and the; plug 58 and is;

bolt 60 passesthrough the` top of'. the yoke l 59 into the plug 58 so as to holdit at the top of the tube 55. This electric-valve is more fully `described in the so entitled application of Louis M. Schmidt already tiled or about" tobeiled. f

Bolted to the casing2l just above thering r 201is a distance piece 61. Bolted on one side to the outside-'of the'fpiefce v61 and on its opposite side to the outer end of the cham- I ber 36 is a center piece 62, having a switch bracket 63 bolted to its under side.` The construction of the lower part of the piece 62 is such that it has a vertical back plate,

then at-rightangles to the back plate a verb'o/lted at its lower 4ends-.t0 the plate'53. Af

ticall plate bolted to the piece 61, then also at right angles `to the back plate a vertical plate bolted to the chamber 36, and finally at right angles to allthree plates a. bottom horizontal plate bolted tothe bracket 63, so asto leave a hollowed boxlike space above the horizontal plate. A two arm lever 64 is pivoted near .its top, so as to make a short 'eo so as toprovide j conditions of4 contact.

upper arm and a long lower arm,on the outer lower part of the bracket 63..` A thermostatic rod 65 is firmly secured at one end to and against the' inner side of the casing 18, beneath the ring 20, so that it cannot expand inthatdirection; and at its other end it is pivoted to the outer end of the short arm of the lever 64. The rod is so positioned that when the pilot burner 40 1s burning the rod will be in the flame and will be subjected tothe maximum of its-heating l66. Screwed to `the lower extremity lof the bracket 63 is an insulating. piece G7, to the right of which 'and toward the casing bolted the upper end of co-pper contact piece 68,

I having prefere. a sllvered contact at its outer lower end.

Bolted to the leftofthe'piece 67is"the' upper end of a more {lexible copper contact piece 69, havingon its inside at its extreme lower end a preferably silver'ed angle contact 7 0 adapted to make contact, and so doing' under normal operative conditions,.with the corresponding `silver contact of thev piece 68.' On the outside of the piece-69 just above the contact 70 is a small insulated plate 71 against which the inner end of the screw 66 abuts. When the rod 65 is subjected to only atmospheric temperature, 'and in fact toany temperature' short of that eausedby a flame from .the burner 40,. both

pieces

68 and 69 are in a vertical position as slown in Figi-2 and the contact70 is ont of'contact with the piece 68. But when the rod 65l is subjected to-heat to greater heat, the rod in expand-ing longi- 4 tudinally forces the upper arm of the lever` Vwithout injury so @tout-ward and` its lower arm inward so that the inner end of the screw 66, pressing against the plate 71, forces the piece 69'inwardand the contact 70 againstA the piece 68 so as to establish an electrical connection as shown in Fig. 1. heating of the4 rod 65 bothpieces 68 and 69l are suicientlytlexible so as to be carried far to -the right as is necessary; andl a proper adjustment can be readily secured' by means of the screw 6G for minimum and maximum- Within the chamber 39 its a small conical rotary valve 7 2`l1avingits 'small lend tothe left as shown iniFig. 6.

18 is a somewhat rigid the button 80. The parts are from a flame fromthe bvurner 4 0, or

,the button ,80, is 4now longer 'escape' from In case of verymuch A flatv spring isl screwed at its lower end to the outer lower end of thevchamber 39 and tends 4to spring ontward at its-top, where it encircles'the small exposed `end of the valve. A nut 74 is screwed on to the extreme outside endl Aof the valve, there threaded for that purpose,

outside of the spring 73. By this construction the spring presses against the. nut 74 and keeps theA valve 72 well seated.' To the stem proceeding from the exposed larger end of the Valve 72 is secured a small pinion '75. Cast integral with the chamber 39 is a two arm bracket 7 6, having openings in the extremities ofthe arms through which horizontally reciprocates an untoothed part of a. ratchet 77. Secured to the inner extremity of tbe ratchet is a pin 78adaptedfor yengagement with theinside of the extreme end oi the lower arm of the lever 64 below the screw bracket 76 is a coiled spring 7 9, which abutsu at one end 'againstl the bracket and at. its

other end against a push button 80, secured tothe cxtreme outer end ot' the ratchet. The

' parts-are so constructed and positioned that,

starting with the positionsslliown in 2 when the button 80 1s pdshed mward by band the spring -79 is compressed, the ratchet" 77rotates the pinion 75 so' to open the valve 72, and the pin 78is moved out of engagement with the lever 64. 4By reason of the departing plaeeof the pipe 38 ahead ofv gas will now pass through thevalve seat 34, the pipe 38 tothe burner 4() Veven-although the valve 46 may be closing its seat. On lighting'the bnrner40 and after waiting a minute, the'rod't by its expansion will actuate the lever 64 so as, not merely to bring -the Contact 70 into Contact with the piece 68, but valso to bring the lever 64 at-its lower extremity in contact with the pin 78 in such manner as to keep open the valve 72 and tolpermit ot lthe .hand being removed from position shown in Fig. 1. But upon an extinguishment of the flame from the burner 40, the rod 65 by its contraction, will actuate the 'lever 64 so as to break the contact between the contact 70 and the piece 68 and .to permit of the pin'4 78 being moved to the The throttling valve vchamber 36 has a at and between this seat and the inlet from the union 35 it has a.

vertical valve seat 81 ;A

valve, stem guide 82-centrally perforated for the passagenow in thev of a valve stem 83 and alsoperforated next to the walls of the chamber for. the free passage of .gas from below the seat 34 and through the union4 seat 81, is a throttlng valve 84 adapted to Secured .on the stem 83, between the guide 82 and the the chamber 36 where the latter isbolted to the center piece 62, being there provided with a stufiing box; and it finally terminates,

in the h'ollowed box-like space in the piece 62, in a flat vertical head 85. A coiled spring 86, surrounding the stem '83 and abutting at one end against the head 85 and at its other end agamst the surface of the piece 62 that is bolted to the chamber 36, tends to force the head 85 and the stem 83 inward so as to seat the valve 84 on its seat 8l. The

.communication from the chamber 36 into the pipe 37 is from the space between the seat 81 and the wall adjacent to the piece 62.

The tube 41 consists of two parts: The lower part 87 is cup shaped, 'is internally threaded at its opening at the top and is cast integral with the top of the back lplate of the -piece 62; and it also has in front a depending lug 88 parallel with\the back plate. The liquid chamber 25 leads into the side of the 'part 87. The part 87. also has at the bottom a small central vertical opening and above the opening a threaded recess into which lthe correspondingly threaded open lower end of a copper tube 89 has been screwed. On the inside of the tube 89 and with its top abut ting against the closed top of the tube, is a porcelain rod 90, fitting somewhat closely in the tube but not so closely as to interfere with the expansion and contraction of the tube. Fitting into a'recess in the bottom. of the rod 90 is the head of a bolt 91 wh1ch passes downward through the opening in the part 87 and on its threaded lower end is provided with lan adjusting'nut 92. The' upper part 9 3 of the tube 41 consistsofa' tube' at its'lower end screwed into the top of the vpart 87 and leadingat its top into the pipe 42. The dimensions of the

parts

87 and 93 are such that there isalways a free annular passage throughthem from the chamber -25 tothe pipe 42, however great may be the expansion ofthe tube 89. Pivoted at 94 in the back plate of the piece 62 and in. the lower end of the lug 88, and

depending between them, is a lower lever 95 having an inner engagement plate 96 near its pivot and having its .dependlng outer lower end bearing against the head 85. Pivoted4 at 97 in and bet-Ween said back plate and the lug 88 above the pivot 94 is a bell crank lever, having a curved lower arm 98 through the threaded lower extremity of which passes an adjusting screw 99 .with its point bearing against the plate 96, and

having a .horizontal arm 100 through the perforated extremity of whichasses the lowerend of the bolt 91 below t e nut 92,

Apartially check the flow lof .box and gland 105.

v part 101 near its ange and has screwed to In assembling the parts the two levers are first pivoted lnto position; then the tube 89, containing the rod 90 and the bolt 91, is screwed into the lower part 87, causing the lower end ofthe bolt to pass through the arm 100; and then the upper part 93 is screwed into the lower part.

Suppose it is desired to have the water passing through the tube 41 heated to a temperature of say 150, the tube 89 expands longitudinally upward, but thev rod 90 does not expand. The s ring 86,' however, acting on the head 85, 1s now eiective'to force the lever 95 inward, and this in turn through the' screw 99 forces the arm 98 inward and the arm 100 upward. Consequently the arm 100, bearing against the nut 92, forces the rod upward just as far and as rapidly as the expansion of the tube 89 will permit. The result is that' the head 85 gradually moves the stem 83 and the valve 84 so as to gas through the seat 8l to the burners 17. With less fuel for the' burners, 41 tends to fall below 150. But a fall of temperature causes thev tube 89 to contract.'

t'he temperature in the tube l somewhat, resulting in the rod 90, the bolt 91, the nut 92 and the arm 1,00 being carried downward, so as to force outward the arm .98, the screw 99, tlelever and the head 85, thus compressing the spring 86 and more fully opening the valve 84. l-Vith a larger inflow of gas the heat in the tube again tends to increase. These two opposing tendencies establish an approximate equilibriumv and maintain a temperature within -a few degrees of the assumed temperature. By properly adjusting the nut 92 and the screw 99,v the temperature to be maintainedcan be varied as desired. L r

. The disk valve chamber 43 consists of two parts: The upper part 101 has just below its top, into whichv the threaded end of the pipe .42 1s screwed, a narrow passage and just below that passage the main part of the chamber of considerably greater diameter so thata flat valve seat 102 fis formed. The part 101 is also flanged at the bottom. A. disk valve 103 is adapted to closefrom be-v neath the seat 102, but may be rotated from its horizontal closing'posltion by the with-' drawal of water'from the part of the chamber underneath it. The valve is firmly secured at one side and below the seat 102 to a shaft 104, which is journaled in the part 101 and is provided near one end where it emerges from the chamber with a stuffing After the valve has been secured to the shaft, a lower part 106 is bolted on to the flange of t-he upper part 101 and subsequently has screwed int-o it the first part of the pipe 44. A bracket support 107 is screwed at its lower end to the its top an insulating bracket 108. Screwed 12s i I to the bracket 108 is somewhat rigid fle-- pending copper strip 109', having a horizonj tal and preferably silvered contact knob 110 a-t itslower end. Also screwed to the.

its lower end a small insulating plate 113.

Firmly secured to theextreme outside end.

' of the shaft 104 is a bell crank lever having an upper arm 114 normallyvertical 'and a lower arm 115 lnaking an angle of 135 with.l

. the upper arm. The arm 1114, slightly to the coil 56.

leads to Athe piece 68. From the iece 68 'a curved at its top, normally bears against the plate 113 in such manner as to keep the contact 112 out of contact-with the knob 110. A tension spring 116 is secured at one end to the flange of the part 101 and at its other end to the outer extremity of the arm 115.

The parts are so constructed and positioned that the spring 116 is normally operative to keep the arm'lll vertical and the contact 112 out of contact with the knob 110, and also, acting through the shaft 104, Ato keep the valve 1.03 closing the seat 102, as shown in Fig. 3. But upon opening any faucet Tl-5, water'is drawn from beneath the valve 103,

tending to create la vacuum underneath, there also bemg water pressureV above 1t, and the .valveand the shaft 104 are consequently turned through an angle. Consequently the arm 115 is rotated and the spring 116 is stretched; and the arm 114 is alsofrotated away from the plate 113 so that the resiliency of the strip 111 brings the contact 112 into contact with the knob v'110. rIfhis'condi.- tion of contact continues until the l'l'ow of Water from the pipe 44 ceases,I allowing the spring 11,6 to bring all parts back to their normalL positions Vas before described.

From any source of electrical supply such as a battery 117 a wire 118 leads ,to the strip 109. From; the strip 111 a wire 110 leads From the coil 56 awire 120 vwire 121 returns tothe battery 11 .65 has expanded su ciently -tokeep in con- V Having already described the modes of,"

operation of 'the several subordinate -combinations, it remains'necessary to describe only the general mode `of operation of the heater-:as a who-le.

button 80-has been'pushedin', that the pilot burner 40 has beenli hted, and that the rod tact the contact and the piece 68. Hot

water is now desired. Obviouslythe flamev from the burner 40 has no perceptible heating effect. Any faucet such as 45. is opened.-

The'outlowof water closes the contact be- `tween the knob 110 and theY contact. 112.

'Ivhereupon a current .flows from 'the battery 117, through the wire 118, the strip1l09, the

It -is assumed that thel knob 11o, the contact 112, the strip 111, the l wire 119, the so-lenoid coil 56, the wire 120,

the piece 68, the contact 70, the piece 69 andv the wire 121 back to the battery 117. The consequent energization of the solenoid coil lifts the core 51 and delivers a hammer blow on the pin 52 so as to suddenly lift the stem 47 and the .valve 46111 opposition to the sp1'in'g`49. The resulting rush of gas through the valve seat 34 emerges from 4the openings in the tops of the burners 17. -This gas is ignited from the pilot flame. The great heat then. instantaneously heats the Waterilowing through the li uid chamber 25, whence it passes throug the con` nected passages and the open faucet. This condition normally continues so long as the faucetl remains open. T he throttling valye 84 maintainsan approximate constant temperature in the manner previously described. The products of combustion normally pass through the vent 22, the opening 28 and the upper hood 29 into the chimney. But in case of a bac-k draft, these products temporarily pass out into the room through the openings at the bases of the

hoods

29 and 27. The closing of all the faucets 45 breaks the electric .circuit by breaking contact between the knob 110 and the contact 112. Consequently. the fsolenoid coil 56 is deenergized and the .valve 46 closes the seat 34.' The flame from the main'biirners 17 goes out and thelfheating of the water ceases. But sup ose, prior to the turning on of a faucet, t e -pilot flame has gone out. This sresults'in the contact between lthe contact 7 0 .and the piece 68 bei broken., Consequently .the turning o o any faucet cannot close a circuit .to en gize the solenoid coil 56. It thus is impossible to flood a room with gas incase the pilot flame is not burning.

We claim: y,

1. In .combination a liquid chamber, a

'burner for-"heatingsaid chamber, two pieces normally in constant contact with each other and when in contact permitting the-opera- ,tion of said burner, an ignitingdevice when in normal condition operative for lighting said burner :but when inabnormal condltion operating to 'break such contact of said pieces are inlfsuch contact and when liquid isdra'wn from-.said chamber to sup ly fuelto said 'burner and when such rawing `'ceases to shut off such supply.

iis

.,pieces, ,and-,means operating Yin case said 2. In combination a Allquid chamber, va

the operation' of said burner, a pilot burner f devicewhen'burnin operative for lightin ,saidllmain burner ut whenextinguishe operating to 'break such 4.,contact of said pieces,rand meansloperatlilg in case such Y pieces are -in such contact and when'liquid is drawn 0E from said chamber to supply fuel to said main burner and when such drawing ceases to shut oill such supply.

3. In combination a liquid chamber, a burner for heating said chamber, two pieces normally in 'constant elect-ric contact with each other, an igniting device when in normal condition 'operative for 'lighting said burner but when in abnormal condition operating to break such contact of said pieces, and electrically operated means in pieces when in such contact and then operating when liquid is drawn from said chamber to supply fuel to said main burner and when such drawing ceases to shut off such supply.

5. In combination a liquid chamber, a burner for heatinglsaid chamber, conductors to and from a source of electric power, two switches in said conductors, the first being normally constantly closed and the second being initially open, an igniting device when in normal condition operative for lighting said burner but when in abnormal condition operating to open said first switch, an electrically operated device in series with said conductors and 4operating while energized .to

supply fuel to said burner, and'means operf ating when liquid is drawnfrom'tsaid chamy V ber to close said second switch and when such drawing ceases 'to open said second4 switch. v t

'6. In combination a vliquid chamber, a

I main burner for heating said chamber, conductors to and from a source of electric power, two switches. in said conductors, the l first being normally constantly closed and .the second being initially open, a pilot burner device when burning operative for lighting said main burner but when extm- -guished operating to open said first switch, .an electrically operated device in series with said conductors and operating while energized to supply fuel to 'said burner, and means operating-when liquid is drawn from said chamber to closeaid secondJswitch and when such drawing ceases t0 open said second switch.

' 7. In combination a liquid chamber, a

burner operating when burning to heat said chamber, a valve for admitting or excluding a fuel sup ly to saidburnr 'and initially closed, 'conductors to and from a source of lelectric power, two switches in said conductors, the first being closed -while the elements are in operative condition and .the second being initially open, a device operating during a owof current in 4said conductors to open and to keep open said valve, .means operating in caseboth switches are closed to cause said burner to burn, means prating, in case said first switch is closed, w en liquid is drawn from said chamber to close said second switch and lwhen such drawing ceasesfto open said second switch, and means o erating to open said first switch in case some of the elements are in abnormal condition. v

8. `In combination a liquid chamber, a burner operating when burningfto heat said chamber, a fuel sup ly to said 'burner and initially closed, conductors to and from a source-of electric power, two switches in said conductors', the first being closed while the' elements` are inoperative condition andthe second being initially open, a. device o erating during a flow of current in sai v ductors to open and to keeo en said valve, means operating in case iiotfi closed to cause said burner to burn, means actuated, in case said first switch is closed,`

by the flow of liquid from said chamber to close said second switch and operating upon a valve for admitting or excludingconswitches are the cessation of the flow of such liquid to open said secondswitch, and means operating to open said first switch in case some fof the elements are in abnormal condition.

l 9. In combination a liquid chamber,a pipe in series withjsaid chamber, a burner o erating when burning to heat said cham er, a valvefor admitting or excluding a fuel supply to said burner and initially closed, conductors to and" from a source of electric power, two switches in said conductors, the

first being closed while the elements are in operative condition, and the second being initially open, a device operating during a flow of currentin said conductors to open and to keep open said valve, means operat-4 ing in-case both switches are closed to cause sald burner to burn, a device in said actuated, in case said first switch is close by a How. of liquid in said pipe to close said second switch and to keep 1t closedl during the continuance of such How, and means operating to open said first switch in lcasse some of the elements are in abnormal condi tion.

l0.Y In combination a liquid chamber, a

ber, a .valve for admitting or excludin a."

fuel supply to said burner and initia y closed, conductors to and from a source of.

electric power, two switches in 'saidfconipe . ductors, the first being closed v'ivhile the elements are in operative condition and the second being initially open, a device operating duri-nga'ilow of current in said conlil ductors to open and-t keep open said valve, means operating 1n case both swltches are closed to cause saidburner to burn, a lWater,

valve initially closing said pipebut operatlng, in case said first swltch 1s closed, by

being opened by a Withdrawal of. liquid toA close said second switch and to keepit closed pilot burner having its outlet near the outlet of said mam burner, two pieces normally,

in contact With eachA other, means operating in case of'such contact' of said pieces when liquid is drawn off from said chamber to supply fuel to said main burner and when liquid ceases to be dra-wn from said chamber to shut of such supply, a'nd means operating in case such contact of said pieces is broken to prevent a supply of fuel to said pilot burner and upon a lighting of said pilotv burner operating to permit such' supply.

- 12. In combination a liquid chamber, u main burner for heating said chamber, a pilot burner having its outlet near the outlet of said main burner, tWo pieces normally 1n contact with each other, means operatlng'` in case of such contact of said pieces when liquid is drawn from said chamber to supply fuel to said main burner'and when liquid ceases to be drawn from saidchamber to shut oii'such supply, and means operatingr in case such contact of said pieces is broken to prevent a supply of fuel to both burnersl and upon a lighting of said pilot burner operating' to permit such supply.

13. In combination a liquid chamber, a'

main burner for heating said chamber, a valve, for admitting or excluding'a fuel supply to said burner, a ilot burner havingits outlet near the outlet of said main burner,

tvvo` pieces normally in contact .with each other, means operating in case of such contact of said pieces when 'liquid is drawn from said chamber to cause said valve to open and when liquid 'ceases tov be-.drawn from said chamber to result in the closing `of said valveQa-nd means operating in case such contact of said pieces is-broken to prevent asupplyof fuel to. said pilot-burner.

'and upon a -light-ingvof said pilot burner operating to permit such supply.- fv

14. In combination a liquid chamber, a-

main burner for heating said chamber', a valve for admitting or excluding a fuel supply to said burner, a pilot burner having itsl outlet -near thefoutlet of s'ald main burner,

tivo pieces normally inl contact with eachother, means'operating'incase. of such contact of said pieces when liquid is drawn from said chamber to cause said valve to open and when llquid ceases to be drawn from .said

from. said pilot burner to maintain suchcon tact but operating if saidpilot burner is 4ex-` tinguished to break such contact and to prevent a supply'of fuel to said pilot burner and-upon a lighting of said pilot-burner operating to permit such supply.v

15. In combination a liquid i chamber, a main burner for ,heating said chamber, a valve for admitting. or excluding a fuel sup;

ply to said burner, a pilot burner having its outlet near the ou-tlet of said main burner,

two pieces normally in contact with eachother, means operating in caseof such contact ot said pieces when liquid is drawn from said chan'iber to cause said valve to open and when liquid ceases to be drawn from said chamber to resultin the closing of said valve, and -a thermostat actuated by heat from said pilot burner to maintain such contact but operating if said pilot'burner is extinguished to break such contact and to prevent a Isupply of fuel to both burners and upon a lighting of said pilotl burner operatingto permit such supply.

16. In combination a liquid chamber, a main yburner for heating said chamber, a pilot burner having its outlet near the outlet of said main burner, tWo pieces adapted to 'make or break an electric contact, mea-ns actuated in case of such contact of said pieces by the iow of liquid from said chamber to supply fuel to said main burner and operating upon the cessation of such fiow to shut off such supply, and means operating in case such contact is broken toprevent a supply of fuel to both burners.

17.4 In combination a liquid chamber, .a main burner for heating said chamber, a

valve for ,admitting or excluding a fuel-sup ply to said burner, a pilot burner having its outlet near the outlet of said main burner;l two pieces normally. 1n contact `with each other, means actuated in case of such contact of said pieces by the flow of liquid from said chamber to cause said valve to open and-op! .eratingupon the cessation of suchgflow to result in the closing of said valve. and means `operating incase suchcontact is broken to prevent a supply of. fuel to said pilot burner and upon a lighting of said Ypilotburner operating to permit such supply.

18. In combination4 a liquid chamber, .a

vmain burner for heating said chamber, a

valve for admitting or excluding a fuel supply to said burner, a pilotburner having its 'outlet near the outletl of said main burner.-

two pieces normally in contact with each other, means actuated in case of such conchamber. .to result in the closing ofsaid im valve, and a thermostat actuated by' heat tact of said pieces by the How of liquid from said chamber to cause said valve to open and operating upon the cessation of such flow to result in the closing of said valve, and ak heat said chamber, a pilot 'burner havingits outlet near the outletof sald' main burner,

conductors to and from a source of electric power, two switches4 insaid conductors, the first being normally closed and the Second initially open. means operating in case both switches are closed to supply fuel to said main burner, means operating in case said first switch is closed when liquid is drawn from 'said chamber to close said second switch and when such closing ceases to open said second switch, and means operating in case said first switch is open to prevent a supply of fuel to bothburners.

20. In combination a liquid chamber, a main burner operating when burning t0 heat said chamber, a valve for` admitting or excluding a fuel supply to said burner, a

pilot burner having its outlet near the outlet of said main burner, conductors to and from a source of electric power, .two switches in saidfconductors, the first being normally closed and the second initially open, means operating in case both switches are closed to cause said Valve to open, means operating in case said first switch is closed when liquid is drawn from said chamber to close said second switch and when such drawing ceases to open said second switch, and means operating in case said first switch is open to prevent a supply of fuel to said pilot burner.

21. In combination a liquid chamber, a main burner operatingtwhen burning to heat said chamber. a ,valve for admitting or excluding a fuel supply to said burner, a pilot burner having its-outlet near the outlet of said main burner, conductors to and from a source of electric power, two switches in said conductors, the first being normally closed and the second initially open, means operating in case both switches 'are closed to cause, said valve to open, means operating in case said first switch is closed when liquid is drawn froln said chamber to close said second switch and when such drawing ceases to open said second switch, and a thermostat actuated by heat from saidpilot burner to keep said first switch closed but operating to open itif said pilot burner is extinguished. 22. In combination a liquid chamber, a main burner operating when burning to heat said chamber, a pilot burner having its outswitch is closed by the flow of vliquid from' said chamber to close said switch and operating upon the cessation of Such flow to open said second switch, and means oper-I ating in case said first switch is open'to prevent a supply of fuel to both burners.

23. In combination a liquid chamber, a main burner operating when burning to heat said chamber, a4 valve for admitting or eX- cluding a fuel supplyto said burner a pilot burner having its outlet near the outlet of said main burner, conductors to and from a,

source of electric power, two switches in said conductor, the first being normally closed and the second initially open, means operating in case both switches are closed to cause said valve to open, means actuated in case said first switch is v'closed by the fiow of liquid from said chamber to close said second switch and operating upon the cessation of such flow to open said second switch, and means operating in case said first switch is open tov prevent a supply of'fuel to said` pilot burner.

24. In combination a liquid chamber, a`

main burner operating when burning to heat said chamber, a valve for admitting or excluding a fuel supply to said burner, a

pilot burner having its outlet near the out.

let of said main burner, conductors to and from a y source [of electric power, two switches in said conductors, the first being normally closed and the second initially open, means operating in case both switches are closed to cause said valveto open, means actuated in case said first switch is closed by the fiow of liquid from said' chamber to close said'second switch and operating uponv the cessation of Such flow to open said sec? ond switch, and a thermostat actuated by heat fro-m said if said pilot burner is extinguished.. y

25; In-combination a liquid chamber, a

Ypipe in series with vsaid chamber, a main burner operating when burning to heat said chamber, a pilot burner having its outlet near the voutlet of said main burner, conductors to' and 'from a source of electric,

power, two switches in said conductors, the first being normally closed and the second initially open, means operating in case both switches arev closed to supply fuel to said` main burner, a device in said pipe-actuated incase said first switchJ is closed by allow ofgliquid in 'said pipe to close said Vsecond switch and to keep it closed during the conpilot burner to keep said "rst switch closed but operating to open it v closed by a flow of liquid in-said pipe to tinuance o f such iow, and means operating in case said first switch 1s open to prevent va supply of fuel to `both burners. f

'26, In combination -a liquid chamber, a pipe in series with said chamber, amain burner operating when burning to heat said chamber, a Valve for admitting or excludburner havingits outletnear the outlet of said main burner, conductors to and from a source of elect-rie power, two switches vin said conductors, lthe first being normally closedand the second initially open, means `ing a fuel supply to said burner, a ,pilot operating'in case both switches are4 closed to cause said valve to open, a device in said pipe actuated 4in case said irst switch is ,nlosed by a tiow of liquid in said pipe' ,to

' "close said second switch -and to kee it closed during the continuance of such ow,- and means operating in casesaid first switch open to'prevent a supply of fuel to said 27. In combination -a liquid chamber, a pipe in series. with said chamber, a main burner operating when burning to heat said' chamber, a 'valve for admitting or eXclud-' a ing a fuel supply to said burner, a pilot burner having its outlet near the outlet of v said main burner, conductors to and from a source of-electric. power, two switches in said conductors, the first being normally closed and the second initially open, means operating in case both switches are closed to causesaid valve to open', a device in said pipe actuated-in case said r'st switch isclose said second switch and to keep it closed during the continuance of such flow, and aA thermostat actuated by heat from said but operating to open it said pilotburner pilot burner to keep said first switch closed is extinguished.

28. In combination a liquid chamber, a

' pipe in series with said chamber, a main burner operating when* burning to heat said .p chamber, alpilot hurnerhaving its outlet near the outlet of said main burner, conductors yto and froml a source of electric power,'two switches in said conductors, the` rst'being normally closed Aand the second initially Aopen,means operating in case both 'switches are closed'fto supply fuel to saidi main burner,` awater Valve initially closing `pipe in .series Awith said chamber', burner operating when burning to. heat said "wchamberfabyalvekfgr admittingor excludi said' pipe but operating in case said first-j switch is closedf'by being opened by a withdi'awal of liquid to close said -second switch and to keep it closed during the continuance of such withdrawal, and means operatingv in case said first switch is-op'en to prevent a ,supply .of fuel to both burners;

29. Incombination 4a liquid ,-chamber,- a a main ingla fuel supply to said tb urner, a pilot burner having its outlet near the'outlet of said main burner, conductors to and from a source of electric power, two switches in said conductors, the first being normally`- closed and the second initially open,means to cause said valve to open, a water valve normally closing said pipe but operating in -case said firstswitch is closed by .being opened by, a withdrawal of liquid tolcloseV said second switch and to keep it closed during the continuance of such withdrawal, and. l

means operating in case said first switch is open to prevent a supply of fuel to said pilot burner.

30. Inu combination a liquid chamber, a pipe Vin series with Said chamber, a main burner operating when burning to heat' said chamber, a' valve for admitting or'excluding '-stantly closed and operating when closed tol a fuel supply to said'burner, a pilot burner having its outlet near the outlet of said .main burner, conductors to land from a source of electric power, two switches in said conductors, the first being: normally closed and the second initially open, means operating in case both switches are closed to cause 'said vvalve to open, -a |water valve normally closing said pipe but/operating in opened by a'withdrawal of liquid to close said secondswitch and to keepv it closed during the-.continuance of\such withdrawal,

and a thermostat actuated by heatfroin said pilot'burner to keep said rst switch closed but operating'to open it said pilot burner,

is extinguished:

case said first 'switch is closed by being Y 31. In combination a liquid chamber, a:

main burner forheating said chamber, a

fuel supply pipe leading to said burner, a

pilot burnerhavingits outletnear'the outlet of said main burner and having a supply /nlet separate from said pipe, a valve 'for admitting or excluding a fuel supply through said p'ipe,' a switch normally conpermit of said valve beingV opened, and

means Awhereby -the drawing of' liquid. from said chamber causes said valve to open if said switch is closed and the cessation of such drawingcauses saidvalv'e to Iclose. i 32.* In, combination fa liquid chamber, a

casingv containing s'aid chamber, a main 'burner for heating said chamber, a fuel sup- *4 'to' said burner, a pilot .1 i e .ieaaing P y .P P Outlet, vnear the outletof burner having its -Vvsaid main-burner and having a supply inlet separate from said pipe, a Valve for admittingo r excluding a fuel supply through said pipe, a switch 'normally constantly closed and operatingjwhen closed to permit of said valve being opened, means whereby the v drawin of liquid from-said chamber causes said' .va ve to open if saidswitch is closed andthe cessation of such drawing 'causes saidval-ve to close, anoutlet pipe from said v 70y operating in case both switches are closed 10ol y chamber exterior to said casi-ng, and a therend of said stem, a rack member tending to act on said pinion so as to close said valve,

means for temporarily overcoming the tendency of said member so as to open said valve, a thermostatlc device when said pilot burner is burning'operat'ively positioned so as to hold said member in the position caused by operating said' means and when said pilt burnerpis extinguished releasing said mem- 20 ber, and means uperatin'g when said device isso operatively positioned and when liquid is drawn from said chamber to permlt a supply of fuel to said main burner and Vwhen liquid ceases to be drawn from said 25 chamber to shutoff such supply.

. GEORGE P. CARROLL. FRANK N. ROEHRICH.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM REYNOLDS, JOHN E. PRAGER.