US1059615A - Atomizer. - Google Patents

Description

G. L. KENNEDY.

ATOMIZER. APPLICATION FILED MAY 24, 1910.

' III-35% WITNESSES: IN VEN M I V A1 'TORNIIEY %TAE% FFTC.

GUY I1. KENNEDY, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO NATIONAL CAR- BONATED LIQUID 00., OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, A CORPORATION.

ATOMIZER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 22, 1913.

Application filed May 24, 1910. Serial No. 563,100.

- To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, GUY L. KENNEDY, a citizen of the United States, residing at San Francisco, in the county of San Francisco and State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Atomizers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to carbonating devices'of that type in which a carbonated liquid is produced continuously by the commingling of streams of water and gas supplied from suitable sources under pressure, as. for instance, a service pipe supplying water at the usual city pressure and a tank of compressed carbonic acid gas.

The present invention has for its object to provide a simple, inexpensive and eflicient carbonating device so designed as to expose the maximum atoms of water to the maximum atoms of gas, the design being based on the principle that water absorbs gas in exact proportion to the area exposed to the action of the gas.

The method of carbonating the liquid by the present device consists of four successive stages that are carried out in one continuous operation so that the carbonated liquid Wlll be produced at the same rate at which it isdispensed. The method involves a primary carbonating action in which the water is divided intoa plurality of capillary streams that are given a spiral direction by passing through spirally arranged conduits, and at the same time minute streams of gas are directed into the spiral streams of water to cause gas and water to commingle. The secondary stage consists in discharging the streams of commingled water and gas into a cylindrical chamber around which the streams spirally flow toward the discharge end whereby the streams form a tubular film of water surrounding an inner body of gas composed of the particles unabsorbed by the water during the first carbonating stage in the spiral conduits. The particles of water in the film lining the carbonating chamber are constantly in motion, and hence expose the maximum surface to the inclosed body of gas so that the absorption of gas takes place under most favorable conditions. The tertiary stage of carbonation consists in converging or gathering the streams or film of partially carbonated liquid together and directing them centrifugally through a single port from which the gas in the chamber the intermixing of the particles of gas and water so that further carbonating of the water takes place. The final or quaternary stage consists in the spraying action resulting from the centrifugally directed particles of water from the port, whereby the parti cles of gas are entrained and absorbed by the water. The apparatus for practicing the above described method of carbonating liquid is shown in one of its embodiments in the accompanying drawings, in which,

Figure 1 is a vertical section of the carbonating device with portions in elevation. Fig. 2 is a detail sectional view of the means for initially commingling the water and gas and producing the spiral streams in the carbonating chamber of the device.

Similar reference characters are employed to designate corresponding parts throughoutthe views.

Referring to the drawing, 1 designates a section of pipe of any desired bore that is adapted to be connected at 2 with a city service main or with any other suitable source of water under the required pressure, and attached to the opposite end of the pipe is a casing 8 in which the carbonating of the water takes place. The gas is supplied through a pipe 3 which has its end 4 connected with a tank containing compressed gas, while its other end extends into the casing 8, the pipe 3 in the present instance having a portion extending longitudinally of the pipe 1 in which it enters at a suitable point. The pipe 3 projects beyond the lower end of the pipe 1 and is provided with a plug 6 that snugly fits in the chamber 12 of the casing 8, but the said plug is anchored on the gas pipe so that when the casing 8 is unscrewed from the pipe 1, the plug 6 will be exposed for cleaning or any other desired purpose. The plug 6 has a chamber 5 into which the gas pipe discharges, and this pipe extends into the chamber 5 through one end of the plug and terminates short of the opposite end so that the entering gas will strike the bottom end of the chamber 5 and be deflected outwardly and upwardly around the end of the pipe. Thus, the gas is distributed in the chamber with the result that it will more evenly issue from the radial ports 14 proher. In the peripheral surface of the plug are spiral grooves 13 that extend from one end of the plug to the other, and the open sides of the grooves are closed by the wall of the casing 8 so that the grooves form conduits through which the water from the pipe 1 discharges into the carbonating chamber 12 of the casing 8. Any desired number of' is subjected to a carbonating action and the streams of water entrain the particles of gas and deliver them to the chamber 12. It is preferable that the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the spiral grooves or conduits 13 be less than the cross-sectional area of the pipe 1, as thereby a full head'of water pressure can be maintained on the inlet side of the plug 6, and, as the result gas cannot flow backwardly through the grooves or conduits 13m the water inlet side.

As the streamspassing through the conduits 13 will not absorb all the gas delivered by the ports 14 the unabsorbed gas will fill the interior of the chamber 12 and be surrounded by the water circulating around the wallof the latter. As the result, the'cylindrical film-like body of water in the chamber 12 composed of the particles of the spirally directed streams from the conduits 18 will present a maximum surface to the inner body of gas, resulting in an effective carbonating action.

The chamber 12 has at its discharge end a wall 10 that is provided with a central port 11 andthis port forms a common outlet for the gas in the chamber 12 and the partially carbonated liquid. The gas in the chamber 12 is under considerable pressure and tends to issue from the port in a solid stream, but the water must also issue from the same port and consequently it commingles with the gas at the port so that a third carbonating action takes place.

The wall 10 is preferably, concavo-concave so that the spirally, moving particles of water in the chamber 10 will be caused to change their course gradually in approaching the port 11 and the particles of water will be directed centrifugally through the port. The centrifugally discharged particles of water thus intercept the stream of gas which would otherwise discharged from the port 11, and as the result, the gas is entrained with the particles of water in a sortof spraying action, whereby the gas is effectively absorbed in the chamber below the wall 10, the said chamber being of any desired size to accomplish the best results. It will thus be seen that at each carbonating stage the water and g'asare brought intimately into contact so that by the time the liquid reaches the point of exit, it is thoroughly carbonated. The device is extremely simple and inexpensive and as it operates-onthe-gas and liquid in such a manner that the pressures of both produce the mechanical agitation necessaryto obtain the carbonating actions,

no moving parts are required, and hence the ;device can be merely piped to the source of supply and the dispensing apparatus at comparatively little expense and trouble and no attention whatever is required to maintain the device in operation. Itwill beunderstood that the carbonating of the liquid takes place immediately upon the opening of the dispensing device, as it is then' that the gas and water begins to flow through the pipes 1 and 2, and since the carbonated liquid is produced as'required at the d1spenser, it ispossible to always obtain a fresh supply of carbonated'liquid.

From the foregoing description, taken 1n connection with the accompanying drawings, the advantages of the construction and of the method of operation will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art to which the invention appertains, and while I have described the principle of operation of the invention, together with the apparatuswh'ich I now consider to be the best embodiment thereof, I desire toliave it understood that the apparatus shown is'merely illustrative, and that such changes may be made when desired as are within the scopeflof the claimsappended hereto. v v

Having thus describedtlie" invention, what I claim'as new, is p 1. A carbonator comprising a casing section, a plug section, one section having spiral grooves forming conduits, means for supplying water to the conduits, distributing means communicating with each conduit for supplying gas thereto, and a chamber in the casing section into which the water discharges from the conduits, said chamber having a port from which the gas and water spray.

2. A carbonator comprising a casing, a chamber plug fitting in the casing, spiral conduits formed between the plug and casing, means for supplying liquid to all the conduits, ports in the plug leading from the chamber thereof to the conduits to discharge gas into the liquid passing through the latter, means for supplying gas to the chamber of the plug, and a chamber in the casing through which the streams of commingled gas and liquid spirally flow on the wall surrounding the chamber.

3. A carbonating device comprising a'plurality of spiral conduits, means for supplying water to the conduits, means for discharging a plurality of streams of gas into each conduit, a cylindrical chamber around which'the streams from the conduits spirally flow, a concavo-concave' wall at the dis-* charge end of the chamber provided with a central port through which the liquid and gas are discharged, and a chamber beyond the wall for receiving the liquid and gas issuing from the port.

4. A carbonating device comprising a casing, a chambered plug fitting in the casing, spiral conduits in the plug, a plurality of ports extending from the chamber of the plug to the conduits, a gas supply pipe extending into the chamber, means for dis charging water into the conduits, and a chamber in the easing into which the water and gas from the conduits discharge.

5. 'A device of the class described comprising a water supply pipe, a chambered casing applied thereto, a gas supply pipe extending into the casing, a plug anchored on the gas supply pipe and having a chamber into which the latter discharges, there being grooves in the periphery of the plug forming conduits having their open sides closed by the wall of the casing, ports leading from the chamber of the plug to the conduits for discharging gas into the water flowing through the latter, and means for receiving the streams of water and gas discharging from the conduits and for producing a carbonating action.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

GUY L. KENNEDY. Witnesses FRANCIS M. WVRIGHT, D. B. RICHARDS.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

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