US1057454A - Heating system. - Google Patents

Description

F. L RICE. HEATING SYSTEM.

APPLIGATION FILED MAY 13. 190e.

Patented Apr. 1, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET Z.

itsentirety;relatesto4 both the system andV -IFKAN haaren,

Tomll whoriflmdyonoer." Beitlinoivn that 1, FRANK L. RICE, a citi- 'Jf ""Unted". States, residing at Chiilty-ofC-ook and State of ntedcertain new and usem.

1n`Heating Systems," of fo Wing'is a specification.

' the present' invention rey -including radiators, for l 'ildingby theuse of either steam atei-'eas a circulating medium.r e erall"`stat`ed`,`,the invention relates in A ystem asa'whole, and in part uctiono'f'rad'iators adapted for l, I y's'tenifor accomplishing the generahobject tof thdi'nvention which is to automaticallyregulate'the temperature of each radi"I tofiidpendently of every other" radi- Stern'l' beforest'ated, the ,invention in the. ons'tiu'ction'of lthe radiators, the present application: co"ers,`by itsv claims, only the novel'fea'tures ofthe system, lthe novel fea- 'f tlie radiator being madethe subject i avvareflt'lhat' priorltor-my invention it was@01net-"to provide a he'ating system, in which eitherlsteam'or hot water could be usedflas a feirculjating'medium, kcomprising a mainheater" or,I [boiler y( hereinafter 'called "a' boilerfonefor more "radiators located at any A. desired..pi1ts,afsystem of pipes including a supply pipefleading'from the top of the boiler to thel radiator orv radiators return pipesleadingf'froni'the radiator or radiators back to 7the'lot-ver` portion of the boiler, an

radiatorsffo'rgheating'it, such systems being prtiv'id'ed nvvavlyes'forcontrolling the ciry. culatio off thelieat-ing'-inedium. lVith such a system' any Aone the radiators maybe heated ff'from the main vboiler alone,I independent-ly "ofi individual'tgas heater, or it maybe heated its individual gas heater independentlylpf thejboiler or it may be heatedbqtli the boiler 'and its individual ,heaterfandfbylhandling or manipulating thefsystein in these yvariouswa'ys the temperatureof. eachradjiator ,may be controlled within certain"liiriits,l For example, in mild '5s or' 'Chiny'maths-wlan it isaesirea to are vered' by a. companion application c expansion .tankfconununicatingmore or lessV EATINYG sYsrizivi.` ,i f

HIeAGoi'l-I-LLINOIS, fA-ooRPORArIoN oisarnLI-ivors..y t

I .d .speeiflaaonlof Lettersratent.. .Patented-Apr. l1;, 119137.? waliplica'fiionnieariray1s,1909( seriammsaasa' the chill olf of a' particular room, the radi` ator 1n it may be heated by its individual gas heater, Without making use of the main boller. Againin moderately cold Weather,

when itv desired to heatp'racticall'y the `Whole bulldmg at an equable temperature,

the mam boiler may be used Without mak-` ing use of the gas heaters of individual radiators. Again there may be and usually is a room (or rooms) of a building which in eX- tremely cold Weather is not adequately heat- .ed by the. main boiler and in such cases the heating ofthe radiator in. it by the mainv boiler may be augmented by the' additional use of its individual gas heater. But even with these provisions, all of which must be controlled manually and none of whichis maintain any given room ata given temperature and prevent its fluctuation.

I ani also aware that the main boilers in such systems have been provided with thermostatlc regulators of various constructions directly exposed to and regulated by the temperature of the circulating mediumautomatic, it is 'impossible to uniformly ,l

is no provision for separately and independl ently regulating thetemp'erature of each individual radiator, in order to meet the re! quirements and conditions which exist in the different rooms i11"whicl1`tl1e radiators are placed respectively. Furthermore Whether the boiler be provided Witha regulator orfnot, it is seldom desirable in `only chilly Weather to maintain heat in the boiler,

'becausethis necessarily entails a Waste. y I am also aware that 1n heating systems in Which'a number of radiators Without individual heaters were 'incorporated 1n a system of circulating pipes leading out fron and back to the boiler whereby all of said radiators were heated by steam generated in thev boiler it was old to provide each radiator With an individual thermostatic regulator -Whereby the temperature ofthe radiator as produced by the heater Was automatically lregulated. But so far as l am aware such system had no provision for either entirely dispensing with the use of the boiler and in dividually heating any vgiven radiator.

I am aware that individual radiators,- having no provision whatever for incorporating them in a circulating system, have' with its temperature, and, in turn, regulatedI the quantity of fuel supplied to the burner, so that the regulator was operated by pressure produced by the expansion of a fluid as distinguished from being operated by the pressure produced by the expansion of the tliermostatic element of the regulator, said element, according tofthe present invention, being in direct contact with the heat circulating medium within the radiator.

While admitting all the foregoing, still, I, believe myselfy to be`- the first to propose to provide a ,heating system having a system o'fupipes, a plurality ofY radiators and an expansionk tank incorporated in said pipe system,A each radiator lhaving an individual heating buinerl located in proximity to it,

and la tlierniostatic regulator directly ei;l

posed to` and operated by the circulating.

.medium within the. radiator for automaticallyq controlling the supply of gas or other,

combustible iiuid to the burner whereby the.

temperature ofthe radiator is self-regu-y lated and, whereby theradiator may be used l in either ofthree ways, namely; first, by-

supplying :itwith heat fromtlie main boiler alone, second,' by supplyingitg with heat from its individual. heater alone; third, by supplying itwithfheatby both the main l i boiler ,and its individual .heater together.

ATo provide agpraetical; andl efficient radiator that will vmeet Iall ofthese vrequirements is the .object ofthe pi'esentinvention and to this Vend the said'inventio-n consists inthe features of novelty that are ,hereinafter described with ieferenceto the accompanying drawings, whiclnare lmade a part ofvthis specification, andin which v:

Figure 1 is an, elevation of a'lieating sysv tem adapted for use with either steamer hot water as the ycirculating medium, ingwhicliy two radiators, one of whichv has all of the several features ofthe-invention, are incorporated. Fig. 2 is.a ,.-heating.systeni of modified construction in which t-w'o ra diat,ors

embodying the invention areincorporated,y Fig. 3. yiS. 1,11 `elevation of-a. heating system.

onlyv one radiator embodyingl the invention l is incorporated. Fig.,liee-vertical longi:

tudinal section, on a larger scale, of a radi- Apipe, E, communicates.

ofthese two forins of radiators.

,elevated expansion tank being us'ed.

ator embodying the invention in its preferred form, the plane of '-thesecti'o'n'" being I indicated by the line4-4, Fig. 5. Fig. 5 is a vertical transverse section thereof in two planes which'are indicated by the lines 5-5 and :5a-5a, respectively, Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a vertical section of a radiator ofl modified construction and embodying only 'some features of` the invention, the plane of the section being indicated by the line 66,Fig. 7.

Fig. 7 is a horizontal section thereof on the line 7-7, Fig. 6.

The system shown in Fig.. 1` comprises,alV main heater or boiler, A, a supply pipe, B,.-

leading from the upperpart of the boiler and connected through branch pipes, B and B., with one ormore radiators, C and C', located upon a floor o'rle'yel higher than that of the boiler, a return ipe, D, leadin from the bottoms of the radiators to the ottorny .of the boiler, a pipe,: E, leading upward from the bottom of the boiler, and .an open' expansion tanlnF, located at a level higher than the highest radiator, with which the The radiators of the system shown in Fig. l are of different;

constructions and arediiferently connected up in the circulating system. Inthe vcase oftheradiator, C, the branch siipply pipe,

B', enters the bottom of theradiator and is `provided with a valve b, while in the casel yof the radiator Cf the branch ysupply pipe B enters the top of the radiator and is pro-1 In both instances vided with a valve b. y the branches D and D, respectively, of-

the return pipe D lead from the bottoinsof.`

the radiators and in the case of the radiator C the supply and return. branches enter the radiator at opposite ends, respectively, while,

in the case of the-radiator Cf they both enter the radiator at the saine end. These are,

however, details with which kthe present inf, vention is notconcerned andhere it may beV be used as a eirculating'medium with either observed that either steaiii orhot water may The system shown in Fig. 2 differs from thatshownin Fig. l inthat ithas provision for only a single pipe connection, D2, andI this pipe connection v-forms a continuation of the pipe E leading ,to the elevatedexpan- 'l sion tank F, no ina-in boiler being used either in the pipe connection between the radiator land the expansionltank, 0r elsewhere.,

source of` water .supply underpres'sure, no,y

each instance theradiatorisprovided attlie top with a" "ient valve, c of ai'iydesired con:`

struction which valve vis inaiiipulatedin such mannery as Aiiiaybe necessary 1iii', o'i d`er to meet4 the requirements accor dingly as steam or rio" hotgavatergls useiasta circulating medium. In,eac h `instance the returnpipe will permittheabalckflow,votivater. from'the radia-torlin ordervr tocompensate, lfor any :injurious `reX-l cessypressure' that ,may bev produced wWithin the radiatonas a result of over heating, and

h'ence each of the pipeconnections, D D oraDZ, .asthecasefmay be, 'has more than one vfunction. The' pipeconnectionsJD` andDf ofFig..lserve aj's'aTeturn pipe in a continu'ous,circulatingg'system and also. as a reliefpipe .fonfcompensating for excess pressure.,iln=,thef latterns'tance the Water will r` be-forced ,out of Lthe radiator `at the bottom thereof', intofand; through the main boiler andthence. upward to "the expansion tank.

, The lf-pipe connections D2 of the systems showny-inFigs.,,2-and 3 sel-'ve as inlets into theV radiators-and, also as relief pipes, the

Water lexpelled fromffthe radiators 1n the systemxshown inlFig. 2 being'forced back into the pipeco'nnection Withthe elevated expansion tank, while in the system shown .L lin Fig..:3 itsi's forced .back into the supply main so that, in`y neither instance 'can i the pressure fin i the radiator exceed the pressure oithefhydrostaticwcolumn produced by the "elevatedexp'anslon tank or-the vpressure in lThe'l form. offradiator which is preferred in@carryingv out-the` presentinventlon, 1s in Flgs. l, land 5'. Its

, provisionrtfor. pipe connections enables it lto the systems above described, :and- 4When' .properly equipped with its individual heater and-.With its individual `thermostaticregulator the temperature of eaclian'devery room may be individually regulated to a nicety.` 4It is made up of va number of loops o-r sections, G,each of which comprises one or morehollow columns, H, and the several sections are connected at top and bottom respectively through the medium of sleeves or nipples I and I. Where each section comprises more than one column the columns of each sectionare`connected at top and bottom respectively by headers J and J therebyT providing for a complete circulation of the circulating medium Within the radiator. The several sec- .1 tionshave vertical openings, bet-Ween 4,the several columns so as to facilitate the cirlv Aculation of air around the several columns its ,inner end andhaving at-its outer enfla'n enlarged casing,y O', which. carries aseat for y "a valve, .1?, between the branches N and Aof thengas .supply pipe. This `valve carriedby a rod, Pf, located in the interior of the pipe or tube" Oand has its inner end permanently secured tothe inner end ofthe said tube or pipe, the tube or pipe O andthe -rodP being mad-e of materials ofditferent, yexptlnsibility, the tube `beingdtofi .greateinexf pansibility and more sensitiveto theflieat.

than is the rod, so that, the tube. beingper-` manently secured at its outer end to the end sectlon of the radiator, 1ts expansion and contract-ion will carry the rod inwardly and.

outwardly, and thereby move the valve to Ward and from its seat, respectivelyfoThe thermostat thus constructed,,preferably enters the lower header vJ of thegend section -of the radiator and passes into and through any' desired number of the'nipples I which connect the lower headers, but the invention, in its broadestaspect, is not. limited to a thermostat of this particular'construction,

arrangement Aor location. 4On the contrary, Y

the invention comprehends, in its broadest aspect,va thermostat of any construction, arrangement or location so long as it is directly exposed to the heat Aofthe radiator forcentrolling the flow of., gas to the burner Whereby 'the temperature of the radiator is self regulated.y

ranged longitudinally beneath the lower headersof the several sections of the radiator and provided with perforations for the escape of gas, at which the gas burns, the burner being preferably provided Wit-h an igniting jet 7c, at. which the gas is ignited through an opening l in the front of the 'combustion chamber.

Preferably the combustion chamber is constructed as shown in Figs. 4 and 5. As there shown the lower headers J have flat vertical meeting surfaces and their under surfaces which are Hush Wit-h each other throughout' the entire length of the radiator, form the top Wall of the chamber. The end sections of the radiator have depending webs G which form the end Walls of the chamber, and the several intermediate sections have at front and back depending webs G2, which form the upper portions of the front and rear Walls of the chamber. The bottom of the chamber is formed by a sheet metal plate Q which is provided, beneath the burner, Wit-h a series of perforations g for admitting atmosphere to the burner, and the bottom sheet has upwardly extending portions Q which lie against the inner surfaces of the Webs G2 and complete the front and rear Walls of the chamber, lugs g being formed on the Webs G ofthe end sections, at front and back, to form supporting feet and also The burner itself consists of a tube arscribed, excepting that as shown in Figs.l

to form shoulders for supporting the sheet metal plate of which the front, back and bot? tom ofthe combustion chamber are formed. .The coinbustionchamber shown in Figs. Gand 7 is constructed precisely as above de- G andf? the lower headers J are provided intheirmeeting faces with oppositely lo- "'".cated grooves j, so" that when the adjacentr headers are placed in contact with each other these grooves form lvert-ical passages through which 'the heated fair or products of conibustionfmay passl-'ifupward between the sev-v `Aeral Vsections oit'.` :the radiator and thereby increase the surface exposed to the heated product-s of combustionv which pass upward throughsaid'passages and bet-Ween the several columns of the radiators and eventually f-escape from vthe radiator into the room,

while as'shown in Figs. 4 and 5 the'lower header-sections have bottom surfacesv that arevfiusliwitheach other, as above described, 'so' that the heated products of combustion cannotescape upward through the radiator.

In-r this'instance the products of combustion are ycarried Aoff by a staclcl or Hue RA `com= municating 'with the back of the combustion chai'iibei'. If the burner 4were centrally lo- ;lcated where the exhaust vstack orfiue` is used,

the tendency of t-he exhaust tlue'wouldl be to draw theheated productsof combustion directly away from the burner and thereby prevent its intimate lcontact with 'the bot- 'toms of the lower header-sections. `To preber, leaving a` slight space s through which portion S extending from the top' of thebridge wall, rearward, to within a short distance of-the'wall ofthe combustion cham'- the products of combustion lmay pass ydownward from -thespace above Ithe -deflector'in order to reach the flue.

lVhat I claim :is-new and -desiret'o 'secure by Letters Patent is: l. A heating system having, in combination, a lsysteinof circulatingpipes and, incorporated therein, aymain boiler, anexpan# sin tanl, and a plurality of radiators,1 an individualheater arran'ged in proximity to each of'said radiators, and 'afthermostatic'i regulator for controlling-the vsupply' .of fuel to" each of /said individual heaters, said .thermostatic regulators being 'located in proximity-to their respective radiators "soli-as-` tov be directly exposed -toandi operated by:` ,thev heat thereof, whereby the 'temperature o'the radiator is self-regulative. u' 2.A A heating syst-em having,fin combina# tion, a system of circulating'pipes ad,"in' corporated therein, a mai'n boiler, -fan exlt'ian-ll sion tank, anda plurality vof radiators, an individual heater arranged-i in fproximitywo each of said radiatorsanda thermostatic regulator for cont-rollingthe supply of fuel 70 to each of said individualheater'sj the :thermostatic` element-s of thfeareguhlatorsrbeirig in directg-cniitact---vitlr the heat""'dirculafting medium r1"within l"the radiators, respectively,f' .whereby the regulator-responds vquickly toj7-.,k changes in tlie ltemperature 'of said circula-" tive medium. f

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