US1057078A - Process of treating crude ferrochromium and producing solid ingots. - Google Patents
Process of treating crude ferrochromium and producing solid ingots. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1057078A US1057078A US38310707A US1907383107A US1057078A US 1057078 A US1057078 A US 1057078A US 38310707 A US38310707 A US 38310707A US 1907383107 A US1907383107 A US 1907383107A US 1057078 A US1057078 A US 1057078A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- ferrochromium
- producing solid
- chromium
- treating crude
- silicon
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title description 5
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 11
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000669 Chrome steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000788 chromium alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001021 Ferroalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
- C22C27/06—Alloys based on chromium
Definitions
- WEST VIRGINIA ASSIG-NORS TO ELECTRO METALLURGICAL COMPANY, OF OHI- OAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF WEST VIRGINIA.
- chrome steel In the manufacture of chrome steel, it is customary to dissolve-in molten open-hearth or crucible steel pieces of a ferro-alloy containing upward of forty per cent. of chromium, produced for, example by the reduction of chromite in 'an electric i furnace. While the chromium addition greatly increases the hardness of the steel. and itsresistance to shock, without rendering it unforg'eable, it is difficult to predetermine the amount of ferrochromium which should be added to produce steel of required composition and characteristics, for the reason that the pieces of added ferrochromium usually contain occluded gases which, together with atmospheric air, oxidize an indeterminate percentage of the chromium when the alloy is raised to the temperature necessary to effect its solution in steel. Some commercial chrome steels will therefore be found to contain mere traces of chromium.
- the present invention is a process of producing solid ingots or pieces of ferrochromium, as well as a product which isless subject to loss of chromium by atmospheric oxidation, when added to steel.
- the molten crude ferrochro mium is treated with silicon, or a silicid or silicon-alloy of some metal whose addition to chrome-steel is unobjectionable.
- Ferrosilicon is a suitable reagent and may be used by placing pieces of the silicid in the bottom of the vessel and tapping the molten ferrochromium from the electric. furnace onto it.
- the silicon removes the dissolved gases which would otherwise form blowholes in the cast ferrochromium and reduces any metallic-oxids which may, be present.
- This residue of silicon in. the finished ferrochromium is useful when the alloy is added to steel, in that it prevents oxidation of chromium and the formation of blowholes, reduces metallic oxids and removes the dissolved gases.
- the purified molten ferrochromium, with the excess silicon therein, if present, is cast into ingots, either by tapping it into molds of any desired size and shape or by allowing it to solidify in the treating vessel.
- ferrochromium refers to a product in which the chromium is the essential and valuable constituent, constituting 50% and upward of the commercial product.
- the process of-treating molten chromium alloys which comprises protecting the chromium from oxidation upon further alloying and reducing oxids of chromium therein by adding a reagent containing silicon to the molten alloy.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Description
UNITE STATES PATENT OFFICE.
JAMES TURNER MOREHEAD, OF. NEW YORK, N. Y., AND JOHN B. HUFIEARD, OF FERRIS,
WEST VIRGINIA, ASSIG-NORS TO ELECTRO METALLURGICAL COMPANY, OF OHI- OAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF WEST VIRGINIA.
PROCESS OF TREATING CRUDE FERROCHROMIUM AND PRODUCING SOLID INGOTS.
No Drawing.
have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes of Treating Crude Ferrochromium and Producing Solid Ingots, of which the following is a specification.
In the manufacture of chrome steel, it is customary to dissolve-in molten open-hearth or crucible steel pieces of a ferro-alloy containing upward of forty per cent. of chromium, produced for, example by the reduction of chromite in 'an electric i furnace. While the chromium addition greatly increases the hardness of the steel. and itsresistance to shock, without rendering it unforg'eable, it is difficult to predetermine the amount of ferrochromium which should be added to produce steel of required composition and characteristics, for the reason that the pieces of added ferrochromium usually contain occluded gases which, together with atmospheric air, oxidize an indeterminate percentage of the chromium when the alloy is raised to the temperature necessary to effect its solution in steel. Some commercial chrome steels will therefore be found to contain mere traces of chromium.
The present invention is a process of producing solid ingots or pieces of ferrochromium, as well as a product which isless subject to loss of chromium by atmospheric oxidation, when added to steel. According to this process the molten crude ferrochro mium is treated with silicon, or a silicid or silicon-alloy of some metal whose addition to chrome-steel is unobjectionable. Ferrosilicon is a suitable reagent and may be used by placing pieces of the silicid in the bottom of the vessel and tapping the molten ferrochromium from the electric. furnace onto it. The silicon removes the dissolved gases which would otherwise form blowholes in the cast ferrochromium and reduces any metallic-oxids which may, be present. In practice, it is desirable to add a. sllght excess Specification of Letters Patent.
Patented Mar. 25, 1913.
Application filed July 10, 1907. Serial No. 383,107.
of silicon. This residue of silicon in. the finished ferrochromium is useful when the alloy is added to steel, in that it prevents oxidation of chromium and the formation of blowholes, reduces metallic oxids and removes the dissolved gases.
The purified molten ferrochromium, with the excess silicon therein, if present, is cast into ingots, either by tapping it into molds of any desired size and shape or by allowing it to solidify in the treating vessel.
The term ferrochromium, as used in the present description and claims, refers to a product in which the chromium is the essential and valuable constituent, constituting 50% and upward of the commercial product.
Ve claim:
,1. The process of-treating molten chromium alloys, which comprises protecting the chromium from oxidation upon further alloying and reducing oxids of chromium therein by adding a reagent containing silicon to the molten alloy.
2. The process of treating molten chromium alloys, which comprises protecting the chromium from oxidation upon further alloying and reducing oxids of chromium tllilerein by adding ferrosilicon to the molten a oy.
3. The process which consists in treating crude molten ferrochromium with ferrosilicon containing sufiicient silicon to remove occluded gases and leave a residue of silicon.
4. The process of. producing solid ingots of ferrochromium, which consists in treating crude molten ferrochromium with ferrosilicon containing sufiicient silicon to remove occluded gases and leave a residue of silicon, and casting the product.
' In testimony whereof, we affix our signatures 1n presence of two witnesses.
JAMES TURNER MOREHEAD. J OHN B. HUFF'ARD. Witnesses for Morehead:
E. F. PRICE, F. E. DAVIDSON. Witnesses for Hufiard:
I. vR. EDMANDS, [j GEO. T. LANCASTER.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US38310707A US1057078A (en) | 1907-07-10 | 1907-07-10 | Process of treating crude ferrochromium and producing solid ingots. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US38310707A US1057078A (en) | 1907-07-10 | 1907-07-10 | Process of treating crude ferrochromium and producing solid ingots. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1057078A true US1057078A (en) | 1913-03-25 |
Family
ID=3125331
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US38310707A Expired - Lifetime US1057078A (en) | 1907-07-10 | 1907-07-10 | Process of treating crude ferrochromium and producing solid ingots. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1057078A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2548849A (en) * | 1946-01-12 | 1951-04-10 | Armco Steel Corp | Elimination of hydrogen from heats of killed steel |
-
1907
- 1907-07-10 US US38310707A patent/US1057078A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2548849A (en) * | 1946-01-12 | 1951-04-10 | Armco Steel Corp | Elimination of hydrogen from heats of killed steel |
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