US1057060A - Apparatus for raising or forcing liquid. - Google Patents

Description

H. A. HUMPHREY & A. CERASOLL APPARATUS FOR RAISING 0R PORGING LIQUID.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 27, 1909.

Patented Mar. 25, 1913.

LLU.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

a @"5 al.

H. A. HUB/IPHREY & A. GBRASOLI. APPARATUS POR RAISING 0B. FORGING LIQUID.

APPLIOATION FILED Nov. 27, 1909,

Patented Mar. 25, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HERBERT ALFRED HUMPHREY AND ALBERTO CERASOLI, OF LONDON, ENGLAND, AS- SIGNORS T0 HUMPHREY GAS PUMP COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

APPARATUS FOR RAISING OR FORCING LIQUID.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 25, 1913.

Original application led August 16, 1907, Serial No. 388,902.l Divided and this application tiled November 27, 1909. Serial No. 530,232.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that we, HERBEnT ALFRED HUMPHREY, consulting engineer, and AL- BERTO CERAsoLI, engineer, both subjects of the King of Great' Britain, residing, respectively, at 38 Victoria street, lVestminster, in the county of London, England, and 18 Avenue road, Regents Park, in the county of London, England, have invented a certain new and useful Apparatus for Raising or Forcing Liquid, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to improved apparatus fo-r raising or forcing liquid, in'which the liquid acts as a freely reciprocating piston and performs the functions of a fly wheel and the momentum thereof is utilized.

It is known that advantage can be taken of the momentum of a moving mass of liquid to cause a pump to pass a larger volume of liquid than that calculated from the capacity and speed of the pump. The moving mass o-f liquid draws more liquid through the inlet valve than would be taken in by the mere operation of the pump.

The means for raising or forcing a liquid according to this invention consists in imparting a suitable momentum to a mass of the liquid by a propelling force, such as the combustion and consequent expansion of a compressed combustible mixture, and causing the kinetic energy, represented by this momentum, to introduce into the path of travel of the moving liquid, or to the rear of the liquid being propelled forward, more liquid, and into the combustion space a fresh supply of combustible mixture or the constituents of such a mixture. A portion of the liquid drawn is utilized in expelling the products of combustion from the combustion space, and, the momentum of the liquid returning toward the combustion space, under the pressure head to which it has been forced, may be utilized in compressing the combustible charge before it is ignited. The advantage of this means is that there need be no piston, other than the liquid piston, and that no valve is required between the combustion space and the column of liquid which is being forced.

Referring to the drawings which illustrate, merely by way of example, suitable means for effecting our invention, Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of the expansion chamber end of such means. Fig. 2 is an end elevation of same. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertlcal section, on a reduced scale, showing the` apparatus with high and low level reservoirs, the play pipe being broken for considerations of space.

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

A power chamber is provided in which is generated a propulsive force to be communicated to the liquid in the play pipe. In the present example this power chamber is the combustion or expansion chamber a provided with an inlet valve Z) for admission of combustible mixture, and an exhaust valve c for exit of burnt products. The lower part of the chamber communicates directly with the liquid conducting play pipe d leading, for example, to a reservoir at a higher level than that of the pump. It will be understood that this play pipe d must be of suiiicient length to insure the acquisition by the liquid of the necessary momentum; the length will depend, of course, upon the dimensions of the apparatus, and speed of operation. It is assumed in this case, that the liquid level in the low level reservoir, from which the liquid is to be lifted, is approximately at A-A; it is then possible, as will presently be explained, to cause-part of the liquid which enters the apparatus to expel the products of combustion from the chamber a.

At a part of the pipe al near the chamber a is an intake branch e, normally cut olf from the pipe by an intake valve f above which is a second intake valve g. These valves may be o-pened and closed in any suitable manner, the devices shown in the drawings, and presently to be described, being only a specific example and not essential to the invention. Whatever mode of operation of the valve is adopted, however, it must be such as to allow the following working process z-Assuming the first intake valve f to be closed, and a charge of combustible mixture to be contained in chamber a, under the pressure produced by the pressure head and the momentum of the returning liquid, as aforesaid, this charge is ignited by any known ignition device, such as the spark plug e; explosion occurs, and the liquid is forced down the chamber a and along pipe d. When the liquid has attained a certain loo velocity, and the combustion products have expanded to a certain volume, the pressure of the liquid from the low level reservoir on the intake valve f exceeds that of the water within the pipe d and the gases in chamber a. The intake valve now opens and liquid Hows into the pipe d to pass along with the liquid moving therein, and also into the combustion chamber to expel the combustion products through the exhaust valve c, which is opened in any suitable manner for the purpose. The intake valve is shut again in any suitable manner, such as that presently to be described, while the vliquid in pipe d still has sulhcient momentum to cause some of the liquid, which has flowedinto the combustion chamber, to follow it into the pipe d. The Valve b at the same time opens and afresh combustible char e is drawn into chamber-a. When the liquid in the pipe (Z comes to rest, it returns under the pressure head, acquiring momentum, and compresses the fresh charge in the chamber a, whereupon ignition occurs again and the cycle is repeated.

The mechanism shown in the drawings for operating the valves may now be described.

There are two liquid-intake valves f and g in the intake, which are both. shown, in the drawings, in the open position, this representing the position of the parts when liquid is iowing into the apparatus. 4'The stem of valve g is linked to an arm on a rocking shaft Il. .which can remain in only one of two positions, under influence of any known device such as a spring rod z' operating von an `arm on the shaft. A shaft lo turns in suitably packed bearings in the walls of a recess in the intake e, and to that portion ofthis shaft which is within the intake, is keyed a curved plate Z and an arm m carrying at itsend a spring pawl n. The illustrated position of these parts is maintained by the --velocit-y of the liquid flowing through the intake e and past the valve f, into pipe d. When this velocity falls belowa certa-in value, consequent upon t-he fall of velocity of the liquid in pipe d, 50

the pressure on the plate -Z becomes less than the tension of spring o, attached at one end to a xed point and at the other to an arm on the portion of the shaft 7c which extends outside the intake casing. Plate Zis therefore drawn inward and pawl n trips arm p 0n the shaft 71 thus lturning the latter sutlicient-ly to allow the spring rod i to completethe movement and close valve g. Valve f remains open, because in that position, its stem f is in cont-act with valve g and spring rod i is stronger than spring f2. When the liquid returns in pipe Z and the pressure in chamber a has rlsen above a certain value, valve g' is opened by this pressure,thus allowing spring f2 immediately to close valve f. After ex ansion of the combustible charge, when t e pressure in the pipe Z has fallen below thatin the intake, valve vf is opened and the pressure of the infiowing water deilccts the plate Z unt-il pawl a slips past the end of arm p, and engages therewith, ready for closing the valve g, in the manner already described. Since the exhaust valve' c requires to be opened when liquid is flowing into pipe d, we have provided the lever (1, linked by link rod u to an arm lon the shaft c, so that the deflection of late Z by the flow of liquid through the inta re causes the opening of the exhaust valve by depressing the valve stem against the 'tension of spring y. The return of the plate Z to its spring-actuated position, due to the interrupt-ion of such iiow, actuates lever g to permit the return of valve c to the closed position in response to the pressure of spring y. The admission valve b is prevented from opening when the valve g is open, by the engagement of a collar r with the head :c of the valve stem. This collar?l is carried by an arm on the shaft s which is rocked by a link rod o connecting the second arm w yon shaft s, with an arm on shaft h. When the valve g is shut, collar 1 is lowered, and the suction in the chamber a has only to overcome the light spring t, in taking in a charge.

This application is a divisional application of our copending application, tiled August 16, 1907, Serial No. 388,902, for a method which may be effected by the means described and claimed in the present application.

1. Means comprising a play pipe, an intake and a discharge, the play pipe providing an unobstructed path of travel whereby liquid, of suiiicient bulk to acquire useful momentum is freely reciprocated and the momentum, of the movements in each direction, is utilized to store energy.

2. Means comprising a play pipe, an intake and a discharge, the play pipe providing an unobstructed path of travel whereby liquid, of suiicient bulk to acquire useful momentum, is freely reciprocated between intake anddischarge, and the momentum of the movements in each direction, is utilized to store energy.

3. Means comprising a play pipe, an intake and a discharge, the play pipe providing an unobstructed path of travel whereby liquid, of sufficient bulk to acquire useful momentum, is freely reciprocated, and means whereby the momentum of the movements in i momentum, is freely reciprocated, and means whereby the momentum of the movements in each direction, is utilized to deliver liquid to greater head or pressure, to introduce fresh liquid and a propelling force is made available for continuing the movements.

5. Means comprising a power chamber, a play pipe, an intake and a discharge, the play pipe providing an unobstructed path of travel, whereby liquid of sufficient bulk to acquire useful momentum is freely reciprocated, the outstroke caused by energy delivered in the power chamber and means whereby the momentum of the liquid in each direction of movement is utilized to make available fresh energy in the power chamber.

6. Means comprising an expansion chamber, a play pipe, an intake and a discharge, the play pipe providing an unobstructed path of travel, whereby liquid, of suiicient bulk to acquire useful momentum, is freely reciprocated, the outstroke caused by an expansible charge, and means whereby the momentum of the outstroke is ut-ilized to renew the expansible charge.

7. Means comprising an expansion chamber, a play pipe, an intake and a discharge, the play pipe providing an unobstructed path of travel, whereby liquid, of sufficient bulk to acquire useful momentum, is freely reciprocated, the outstroke caused by an eX- pansible charge, the momentum of the outstroke is utilized to renew the expansible charge, and the momentum of the instroke is utilized to compress the charge.

8. Means comprising an expansion chamber, a play pipe, an intake and a discharge, t-he play pipe providing an unobstructed path of travel, whereby liquid, of suflicient bulk to acquire useful momentum, is freely reciprocated, the outstroke lcaused by an expansible charge, and the momentum in each direction is utilized, so that at proper intervals fresh expansible charges are introduced and compressed.

9. Means comprising an expansion chamber, a play pipe, an intake and a discharge, the play pipe providing an unobstructed path of travel, whereby liquid, of sufficient bulk to acquire useful momentum, is freely reciprocated, the outstroke caused by an eX- pansible charge, and the momentum in each direction is utilized, so that liquid is de l livered to greater hea-d or pressure, fresh liquid is introducedand at proper intervals fresh expansible charges are introduced and compressed.

10. Means comprising an expansion chamber, a p lay pipe, an intake and a discharge, the play pipe providing an unobstructed path of travel, whereby liquid, of sufficient bulkv to acquire useful momentum, is freely reciprocated, the outstroke caused by an eX- pansible charge, and means whereby the momentum in each direction is utilized, so that liquid is delivered to greater head or pressure, fresh liquid .is introduced, burnt products are discharged, and, at proper intervals fresh expansible charges are introduced and compressed.

11. Means comprising an expansion chamber, a play pipe, an intake and a discharge, the play pipe providing an unobstructed path of travel, whereby liquid, of sutlicient bulk to acquire useful moment-um, is freely reciprocated, the outstroke caused by an eX'- pansible charge, nieans whereby the momentum of the outstroke is utilized to renew the expansible charge, and means whereby the pressure in the combustion 4chamber controls t-he intake and the discharge.

12. Means comprising an expansion chamber, a play pipe, an intake and a discharge, the play pipe providing an unobstructed path of travel, whereby liquid, of sufficient bulk to acquire useful momentum, is freely reciprocated, the outstroke caused by an eX- pansible charge, and means whereby the momentum of the outstroke is utilized to renew the expansible charge, and means whereby theflow of liquid controls the intake and the discharge.

13. Means comprising an expansion cham- 4berA provided with inlet and discharge valves, a play pipe having a liquid intake,

whereby a liquid piston is freely reciprocated in the play pipe and the momentum of its movements in each direction is utilized so that at each cycle of operation a fresh expansible charge is" introduced and compressed, and a movable member affected by 'the pressure of the liquid for controlling the valves in the expansion chamber.

14. Means comprising an expansion chamber provided with inlet and discharge valves, a play .pipe having a liquid intake connect-ed therewith, whereby a liquid piston is freely reciprocated inthe play pipe and the momentum of its movements in each direction is utilized so that at each cycle of operation a fresh expansible charge is introduced and compressed, and a movable member affected by the pressure of the liquid for controlling the liquid intake.

15. Means comprising an expansion chamber, aplay pipe, an intake and a discharge, the play pipe providing an unobstructed path of travel, whereby liquid, of sufficient bulk to acquire useful momentum, is freely reciprocated, the outstroke caused by an eX- pansible charge, and means whereby the vmomentum of the outstroke causes a diminution of pressure to the rear of the liquid body and the entry of fresh liquid into the play pipe, expelling burnt products, and, upon interruption of the liquid intake, the continuing momentum entrains a fresh charge.

16. Means comprising an expansion chamber, admission and exhaust valves connected therewith, a play pipe, a valve controlled 1 liquid inlet connected therewith, and a movable vane adapted to 'be aected by the movement of the liquid for controlling the valves. Y

17. -Means comprising an expansion chamber, admission and exhaust valves connected therewith, a play pipe, a valve controlled liquid inlet connected therewith, a movable vane adapted to be aiiected by the movement f the liquid for controlling the valves, whereby liquid-is reciprocated in the play pipe, the first outstroke due to expansion of a charge' in the expansion chamber, andv whereby the momentum of the outstroke causes a diminutionof pressure to the rear of the liquid, an intake of fresh'liquid and discharge of burnt products, and whereby a rise of pressure in the combustion chamber causes the interruption of liquid intake and the continuing momentum causes the introduction of a fresh charge.

18. Means comprising an ex ansion chamber, admission and exhaust va ves connected therewith, a play pipe, a valve controlled liquid inlet connected therewith, a movable vane adapted to be affected by the movement of the liquid for controlling the valves, whereby liquid is reciprocated in the play pipe, the first outstroke due to expansion of a charge in the expansion chamber, and whereby .the momentum' of the outstroke causes a diminution of pressure to the `rear of the liquid, an intake of fresh liquid and discharge of burnt products, and whereb a` rise of pressure in the combustion cham er causes .the interruption of liquid intake and of liquid for' positivel closing the second valve, said second v a ve ada tedto open and the rst valve adapted to ose when the pressure in the chamber exceeds thatV in the intake. y f

20. Means for forcing liquid comprising a combustion chamber, a play pipe, an intake .for liquid, a valve in the intakeada ted toopen when the pressure in the inta e 'exceeds that in the chamber, a second valve in the intake, means `de endin on the iiow of liquid for positively c osing t e second valve, means for keepin the first mentioned valve 'open so long as t e second valve is closed,

said second valve adapted to open and the first valve adapted to close when the pres,- sure in the chamber exceeds that in the intake, an admission valve and an exhaust valve in the combustion chamber, means for opening said admission valve when the second intake valve closes and means for opening the exhaust valve when the first intake valve opens. c Q Y 21. Means for forcing liquid comprising a combustion chamber, a play pipe, an intake for liquid, a valve in the intake adapted to open when the pressure in the intake exceeds that in the chamber, a second valve in the intake, adapted to open when the pressure in the chamber exceeds that in the intake and as the irst intake valve is closing, a spring controlled plate pivotally mounted so that the moving liquid exerts a\ pressure on said plate, means whereby the liquid actuated plate causes the closure of the second intake valve, a spring controlled admission valve in the combustion chamber adapted to open when the second intake valve closes, and an exhaust valve in the combustion chamber adapted to open when the first intake valve opens.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HERBERT ALFRED HUMPHREY. ALBERTO CERASOLI.

Witnesses:

JOSEPH MILLARD, W. J. SKERTEN.

Images