US1054777A - Explosive. - Google Patents
Explosive. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1054777A US1054777A US69626812A US1912696268A US1054777A US 1054777 A US1054777 A US 1054777A US 69626812 A US69626812 A US 69626812A US 1912696268 A US1912696268 A US 1912696268A US 1054777 A US1054777 A US 1054777A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- explosive
- tungsten
- aluminum
- alloy
- metals
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 title description 25
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 21
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 15
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 14
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- UTSDGYKWHMMTDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;tungsten Chemical compound [AlH3].[W] UTSDGYKWHMMTDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DVARTQFDIMZBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium nitrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O DVARTQFDIMZBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- MJBPUQUGJNAPAZ-AWEZNQCLSA-N butin Chemical compound C1([C@@H]2CC(=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3O2)O)=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 MJBPUQUGJNAPAZ-AWEZNQCLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- SPSSULHKWOKEEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene Chemical compound CC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O SPSSULHKWOKEEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- MJBPUQUGJNAPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butine Natural products O1C2=CC(O)=CC=C2C(=O)CC1C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 MJBPUQUGJNAPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- USXDFAGDIOXNML-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fulminate Chemical compound [O-][N+]#[C-] USXDFAGDIOXNML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001080 W alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004200 deflagration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- VLZLOWPYUQHHCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitromethylbenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 VLZLOWPYUQHHCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000015 trinitrotoluene Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 tungsten-aluminum-silicon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B47/00—Compositions in which the components are separately stored until the moment of burning or explosion, e.g. "Sprengel"-type explosives; Suspensions of solid component in a normally non-explosive liquid phase, including a thickened aqueous phase
- C06B47/14—Compositions in which the components are separately stored until the moment of burning or explosion, e.g. "Sprengel"-type explosives; Suspensions of solid component in a normally non-explosive liquid phase, including a thickened aqueous phase comprising a solid component and an aqueous phase
Definitions
- the explosives of the present invention contain such oxidizable metals butin novel and highly advantageous combination.
- the explosives of the present invention contain tungsten intermixed or alloyed with aluminum or with silicon or with both of these metals, together with an oxidizing agent such as ammonium nitrate, and either with or without the further addition of organic nitrated explosives or other explosive materials.
- tun ten When tun ten is alloyed with aluminum not only is t e resulting thermal energy of oxidation in the presence of oxidizing agents increased owing to the heat generated by the tun sten, but also the aluminum is thereby ren ered more resistant against the action of oxidizing salts, and it is also more suitable for obtaining in the necessary state of fineness for use in the explosive.
- tungsten may be alloyed with both' aluminum and silicon and a still more advantageous result obtained, or the tungsten silicid can be used.
- the isolated metals can be used in addition to the alloys, or in intermixture with each other. These mixtures or alloys increase to a marked degree the power of any explosive to which they are added, owing to their great heat of oxidation.
- the metals or their alloys before admixture are reduced to filings, or a line powder, or a finely divided condition, in which condition they are added to, and intimately. intermixed with, the oxidizing agent or other explosive ingredients.
- metal mixture or alloy which can be used varies within rather wide limits. When added to nitrated explosives even a few parts increase the explosive effectto a marked extent. With nitrate of ammonia alone the use of to 85 the nitrate of ammonium to 35 to 15 parts byweight of the metal mixture or the alloy of the three metals above indicated gives good results. With larger amounts of the alloyvan explosive of correspondingly higher power is obtained, and vice versa.
- An explosive mixture can be made for example, according to the present invention, by thoroughly drying and grinding to a very fine powder the nitrate of ammonia and intimately intermixing the same with the alloy of aluminum, silicon and tungsten also in'a'finely divided condition, and stirring the mixture until the powder is sub stantially homogeneous. The mass is then dried to free it from any traces of moisture absorbed during the process, after which it is filled into cartridges formed, for instance, of paper soaked with airtight metal shells.
- Such a mixture can be made with varying proportions of the ni trate of ammonia and of the metallic mixture or alloy, and correspondingly higher or lower explosive power obtained.
- 'Thus 65 parts of ammonium nitrate can be used with 35 parts of the alloy of the three metals; or up to 85 parts of the nitrate and 15 parts of the alloy.
- tungsten silicid, or an alloy of aluminum-and tungsten, e. g. ALW can be used, or mixtures of these two alloys, or mixtures of one or both such alloys with aluminum or hilicon or both these metals.
- Alloys of a uminum with tungsten, or of silicon with tungsten can he used'c'ontaining these metals in varying proportions. Also the proportions of the three metals in the alloy containing all of them can be varied within rather wide limits. Thus from 5 to 10 parts by weight of tungsten can be used in 100 parts of the alloy, 5 or 10 parts being usually sufficient and more advantageous than a larger amount.
- the aluminum and silicon can be varied, e. 9., 85 to 40 parts of aluminum, and 10 to 40 parts of silicon, to 5 to 10 or 20 parts of the tungparts by weight of parafiin, or packed into' stenf similarly when tungsten metalis used with silicon or with aluminum or with both alloys.
- the metal mixture or alloy with ammonium nitrate can be used with nitro-toluene or other nitrated explosive alone or with addition of ammonium nitrate.
- the alloys, or mixtures of them can similarly be used as indicated above. For example five parts of trinitro-toluene can be added to eighty parts of ammonium nitrate and fifteen parts of the alloy.
- An explosive comprising ammonium nitrate, tungsten and aluminum.
- An explosive comprising ammonium nitrate, tungsten, aluminum and silicon.
- An explosive comprising ammonium nitrate and tungsten and aluminum in the form of a tungsten-aluminum alloy.
- An explosive comprising ammonium nitrate, tungsten, aluminum and silicon in the form of a tungsten-aluminum-silicon alloy.
- An explosive comprising ammonium nitrate, an alloy of tungsten and an organic explosive substance.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
Description
ROBERTO IIi'ZPEBIALI, 0E BBESCIA, ITALY.
Patented Mar. 4,1913.
EXLLUSIVE.
$1,054,? 77, Specification of Letters Patent. No Drawing. Application filed an 9, 1912.
T 0 all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, Ronnnro IMPERIALI, a subject of the King of Ital residing at Brescie, in the Kingdom of Italy, have invented new and useful Improvements in Exlosives, of which the following is a specication.
When metals such as aluminum or silicon are added to explosives their oxidation during the explosion results in'the liberation of an enormous amount of heat which expands the gases resulting from the explosion and materially increases the power of the explosive. The explosives of the present invention contain such oxidizable metals butin novel and highly advantageous combination. The explosives of the present invention contain tungsten intermixed or alloyed with aluminum or with silicon or with both of these metals, together with an oxidizing agent such as ammonium nitrate, and either with or without the further addition of organic nitrated explosives or other explosive materials.
When tun ten is alloyed with aluminum not only is t e resulting thermal energy of oxidation in the presence of oxidizing agents increased owing to the heat generated by the tun sten, but also the aluminum is thereby ren ered more resistant against the action of oxidizing salts, and it is also more suitable for obtaining in the necessary state of fineness for use in the explosive. Similarly tungsten may be alloyed with both' aluminum and silicon and a still more advantageous result obtained, or the tungsten silicid can be used. Again the isolated metals can be used in addition to the alloys, or in intermixture with each other. These mixtures or alloys increase to a marked degree the power of any explosive to which they are added, owing to their great heat of oxidation. They can be added to explosive mixtures, or to nitrated explosives, or they can be used alone with a suitable oxidizing agent such as ammonium nitrate. The metals or their alloys before admixture are reduced to filings, or a line powder, or a finely divided condition, in which condition they are added to, and intimately. intermixed with, the oxidizing agent or other explosive ingredients. The amount of the Serial no. 696,268.
metal mixture or alloy which can be used varies within rather wide limits. When added to nitrated explosives even a few parts increase the explosive effectto a marked extent. With nitrate of ammonia alone the use of to 85 the nitrate of ammonium to 35 to 15 parts byweight of the metal mixture or the alloy of the three metals above indicated gives good results. With larger amounts of the alloyvan explosive of correspondingly higher power is obtained, and vice versa.
An explosive mixture can be made for example, according to the present invention, by thoroughly drying and grinding to a very fine powder the nitrate of ammonia and intimately intermixing the same with the alloy of aluminum, silicon and tungsten also in'a'finely divided condition, and stirring the mixture until the powder is sub stantially homogeneous. The mass is then dried to free it from any traces of moisture absorbed during the process, after which it is filled into cartridges formed, for instance, of paper soaked with airtight metal shells. Such a mixture can be made with varying proportions of the ni trate of ammonia and of the metallic mixture or alloy, and correspondingly higher or lower explosive power obtained. 'Thus 65 parts of ammonium nitrate can be used with 35 parts of the alloy of the three metals; or up to 85 parts of the nitrate and 15 parts of the alloy. Instead of the alloy of the three metals, tungsten silicid, or an alloy of aluminum-and tungsten, e. g. ALW, can be used, or mixtures of these two alloys, or mixtures of one or both such alloys with aluminum or hilicon or both these metals.
Alloys of a uminum with tungsten, or of silicon with tungsten can he used'c'ontaining these metals in varying proportions. Also the proportions of the three metals in the alloy containing all of them can be varied within rather wide limits. Thus from 5 to 10 parts by weight of tungsten can be used in 100 parts of the alloy, 5 or 10 parts being usually sufficient and more advantageous than a larger amount. Similarly the aluminum and silicon can be varied, e. 9., 85 to 40 parts of aluminum, and 10 to 40 parts of silicon, to 5 to 10 or 20 parts of the tungparts by weight of parafiin, or packed into' stenf similarly when tungsten metalis used with silicon or with aluminum or with both alloys.
these metals the proportions can be varied, e. g. corresponding to those above indicated;
or the metals individually or in mixture can advantage that they are formed of substances which do not react together and are therefore stable. Exposure to temperatures of from 30 C. to 90 above 'zero do not occasion alteration. Temperatures up to 450 C. do not occasion deflagration. The mixture of the metals or alloys of the present invention with ammonium nitrate do not burn in contact with fire, nor do they explode when struck with ironupon iron. The action of fulminate of mercur or other suit able detonator is necessary or their explosion.
Instead of using the metal mixture or alloy with ammonium nitrate alone, they can be used with nitro-toluene or other nitrated explosive alone or with addition of ammonium nitrate. In such mixtures, the alloys, or mixtures of them, can similarly be used as indicated above. For example five parts of trinitro-toluene can be added to eighty parts of ammonium nitrate and fifteen parts of the alloy.
6. An explosive comprlslng an oxldizing agent, tungsten, aluminum and silicon.
7. An explosive comprising ammonium nitrate, tungsten and aluminum.
8. An explosive comprising ammonium nitrate, tungsten, aluminum and silicon.
9. An explosive comprising ammonium nitrate and tungsten and aluminum in the form of a tungsten-aluminum alloy.
10. An explosive comprising ammonium nitrate, tungsten, aluminum and silicon in the form of a tungsten-aluminum-silicon alloy.
11. An explosive comprising ammonium nitrate, an alloy of tungsten and an organic explosive substance. I
In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.
ROBERTO IMPERIALI.
lVitnesscs: I
. E. C. DUFF,
' W. D. Tom).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US69626812A US1054777A (en) | 1912-05-09 | 1912-05-09 | Explosive. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US69626812A US1054777A (en) | 1912-05-09 | 1912-05-09 | Explosive. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1054777A true US1054777A (en) | 1913-03-04 |
Family
ID=3123037
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US69626812A Expired - Lifetime US1054777A (en) | 1912-05-09 | 1912-05-09 | Explosive. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1054777A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2770736A (en) * | 1942-04-10 | 1956-11-13 | Schlumberger Well Surv Corp | Radioactive method for marking borehole formations |
| US3053708A (en) * | 1959-02-12 | 1962-09-11 | Phillips Petroleum Co | High impulse solid propellant composition |
| US3528864A (en) * | 1965-09-21 | 1970-09-15 | Us Navy | High impulse explosives containing tungsten |
-
1912
- 1912-05-09 US US69626812A patent/US1054777A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2770736A (en) * | 1942-04-10 | 1956-11-13 | Schlumberger Well Surv Corp | Radioactive method for marking borehole formations |
| US3053708A (en) * | 1959-02-12 | 1962-09-11 | Phillips Petroleum Co | High impulse solid propellant composition |
| US3528864A (en) * | 1965-09-21 | 1970-09-15 | Us Navy | High impulse explosives containing tungsten |
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