US1049784A - Elastic-fluid turbine. - Google Patents

Description

` P. WAGNER. i ELASTIG FLUID TURBINE. APPLIOATIQN FILED MAY s1, 1911.

1,049,784, Patented Jan.7,19`13.

''Irlenbor UNITEDSTATES PATENT. onnrcn;

PAUL WAGNER, or CHARL'OTTENBURG, GERMANY, AjssIGNoR To GENERAL ELECTRIC l COMPANY, AV CORPORATION F NEW YORK.

ELAsTrcLrLirrn TURRINE.

To @Hicham/it muy concern: j l

Be itknown that IIAUL WAoN'nR,.a sub- 'ect of the King of Prussia,residing at Charlottenburg, Germany, have. invented certain ,newk and`useful Improvements 1n Means for Draining Water "from the Stages of Elastic-Fluid Turbines, ofwhich the following isa specification.k

' In operating steam turbines, .and .particularly` those used fory marine jpropuls1on,1t 1s desirableand frequently .a matter of necesimpossible whenthe turbine is idle to re-` sity to drain the stages', or at least some ofv them, of the" accumulatedl water therein. The idea ofpip'ing the stagesto a' `common main' and contrblling each pipe separately by a non-return or check valve has been tried but without Icomplete success because a certain pressure diierencemust exist between opposite `sides of the Valve'to insurel its opening. lFrom this it follows that it 1s move all the water vfrom each stage because the 'force exerted by'it vis 'insuficient to raise the valve from its seat. 4In some casesl even where the turbine \i s running the pressure dierence is not enough to raise the valve. In other cases the 4valves rust. or corrode and hence fail to work, and being concealed l the'failure to 4work is often not noticed.

My inventionhas for its/object -to avoid the objections above.V mentioned and also to mosphere.

provide a simple and reliable means for draining water from the various stages of a multistage turbine. My improved apparatus-has the advantage that it permits of draning'eve'n those stageshavingl a pressure below that of at- In carrying out my invention,.all or as many stages as it is desired to drain are,

, provided each with a drainage conduitior Specification of Letters atent.

Application led May 31,1911. Serial No. 630,438.

As an illustration of what y Patented J an. 7,1913.

*connected stage ofthe turbine. and discharging it into-one and the same 'discharge conduit. In such an arangement an ejector effect is obtained so that I am able not only to extract water fromthose stages whose pressure is above atmosphere but also from those'whose pressure is below. I may so arrange thevnozzles and stage connecting pipes one to the other, that adjacent nozzles are connected to adjacent stages, or I may so arrange them vthat adjacent nozzles are .connected to stages whose pressures are widely diiferent. vFor example, the iuid from the first stage may -act on that of the third or on both the second and third. The arrangementv will depend largely upon Vthe number ofstages and upon the work extracted at eachstage and the pressure d15- tribution.

vIn the accompanying drawing, which is illustrative of my invention, Figure 1 is a sectional view of my improved Water removing device connected to a turbine; Fig. 2 is a. view .in side elevation of` a slight modification; Fig. 3 isa modification showing valvearrangements; and Figli is a detail view of a lmodified formot nozzle.

l indicates the casing ot' a multistage turbine o-f any -suitable construction. The stages are separated from each other hypa 1'- titions 2 shown in dotted lines. Connected to leach' stage is a water drairmge conduit.

Four of these conduits are shownnnd nulnbered 3, 4, 5 and A6; The high pressure stage 1s connected to conduit the second. stage to conduit 4, and so on. Each conduit coutains an oscillating or other valve i' having an operating lever 8. The' levers are united by a connect-ing rod 8a for sunultaucmls op eration. The rod is moved by a hund lever 9 located at any convenientpoinl..

10 indicates a casting or other structure- .vcomprising a central nozzle 11 connected in this instance wlth the high pressure stage Icon'duit. Surrounding this nozzle is a sccond nozzle 12, and around it a third nozzle 13, and around it is afourth nozzle 14, all oi' said nozzles being concentrically arranged. The-outer Wall'of nozzle llj'orms a part of vthe Venturi tube l5 which has the usual restricted throat and empties into the discharge conduit-16. ,Owing to the shapes of the nozzles and the Venturi tube, the velocitiesof the {iuds passing therethrough are relatively high, and said velocities are gradul point so that each one may, in so far pos? sible, be within the range of action of one or inpreother nozzles.

Ptit; Water of condensation from-a given stage that is connected to a eonduitis accelerated according .to the pressure of the particular stage in question. It flows out of the nozzle at the end of the conduit with such velocity that not only is the passage of Water from stage to stage prevented but the ziction of said rapidly moving fluid assists the discharging operation ot the associated nozzles connected to conduits leading to lo'iver pressure 'stages by Creating a suction effect ot'sutlicient value to assist the movements of the fluid in .1.1 cases. In the case oi the low pressure stages this action creates sucha draft orsuction as to raise the fluid from condenser to atmospheric pressure.

If the number of stages in the turbine is large, with a correspondingly large number of water discharging nozzles, the velocity of lthe inner nozzle jets .iiiaynot be sutiicient to draiv ofi' the Water from the outer nozzles. In such cases the conduits leading from the turbine to the nozzles may be arranged as shown in Fig. 2. The nozzles 11,12. 153 and 14 are concentrically arranged as before but the inner nozzle 11 is now connected to the second stage and the surrounding` nozzle, 1Q to the third stage while the third nozzlel 13 is connected to the first or high pressure stage. 'l s arrangement will insure sut'- iicient suction on the nozzles connected Lto the low pressure stages to draw off the water of cmdensation therefrom.

The valves 7 are ordinarilyclosed to avoid waste and are only opened when it isdef sired tov discharge ivater et condensation.

rIliey shouldalvvays be closed when the tur- .y bine is idleto prevent air from Working'into the' condenser.

The arrangement of the valves 7 and operating mechanism may with advantage be such that the drainage of the high pressure stage or stages is eti'ccted independently ot the low pressure stages, but to get the best effect the drainage o f said low pressure stages should be accompanied by the drainage of at least one high pressure stage se as to get the benefit of the high velocity fluid therefrom. Such an arrangement is shown diagrammatically in Fig.' Six valves are sliovvn, t-hefirst andthird being connected to and operated by rod 18. The conduits controlled by these valves are connected to high pressure stagesI The second, fourth. fifth and sixth valves 4are connected to' and operated bythe rod 19. The second valve contrelthe passage oi water from a high pressuristige and the last threefroin lov;

pressure stages. This arrangement is desirable tor the reason that the saine amount ojr water does not ordinarily collect in each of they stages, and if a stage having only a small amount oit Water is lett open a loss ot steam will result.

l\"`here the turbine has a large nuroher of stages, it is possible to connect more4` than one conduit to each stage as shovvn in Fig. 4. 'I have'shoivn the valves operated by hand but theymay be opened and closed automatically.

In accordance with the provisions ofl the patent statutes, I have described the principle ot operation of my invention, together with the apparatus which I noivconsider to represent the best embodiment thereof; but I desire. to have it understood that the'apparatus shown is only illustrative, and that the invention can be carried out. by other means.`

Vilhat I claimas new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the'Un-ited States, 'is,;

1. A multistage turbine, in .combination ivithuneans for removing Water from its stages comprising drainage conduits connected to the stages, and discharging devices .tor the conduits so positioned and related one to the other that the tiuid iioiving through one device. creates a. suction effect in another and also in its ccaneeted conduit.

2. A multistage turbine, in combination with `means for removing Water from its stages comprising drainage conduits connected to the stages, and discharging nozzles connected to the conduits and shaped to I impart'velocity'to the uid drained from the stages, said nozzles being in juxtaposition so that the fluid having the higher velocity in escaping vfrom its nozzle ererts a suction eiti'ect on another nozzle and the fluid flowing' therethrough. A

y 3. A multistage turbine, in combination with drainage conduits connected to the stages, nozzles which receive the Huid from the conduits and impart velocity thereto, the

.ltluid iimving from one nozzle creating a suction eiiiect on another nozzle, and valves in the said conduits.

",4. A multistage turbine, in combination with drainage conduits connected to the stages, nozzles which receive the fiuid'from the conduits and impart velocity thereto, the tluid"\ lo\ving from one nozzle creating a suction effect on another nozzle, and a ronduit that is common to and receives the iuid troni all of the nozzles.

A multistage turbine, in combination with drainage conduits connected to the stages, valves for the conduits, nozzles which' receive the Huid from the conduits, said nozzles being coiieentrically arranged and` discharging at substantially the saine point, and a conduit that receives the fluid from-all of said nozzles,

6. A multistage turbine, in combination y discharging at substantially the same point, and va Venturi tube cooperating With the nozzles that receive the uid'trom all of the nozzles and 'which first increases and' then decreases the velocity of thev iuid issuing from the nozzles.

7. In combination, a plurality of nozzles surrounding each other and concentrically arranged, said nozzles discharging on the same side and at substantially the same point, a Venturi tube one end of which incloses the discharge ends of the nozzles, said 'tube cooperating with the nozzles to produce a suction elect onone or more of them, and conduits 'connected to said nozzles and which receive Huid under different pressures.

8. A multistage turbine, in combination A with a plurality of juxtaposed nozzles,

drainage conduits connecting stages of different pressures o the turbine with the nozzles, said conduits and nozzles being so arranged that the iluid issuing'from a nozzle connected to a high pressure stage acts to create a suction on a nozzle connected to a stage of lower pressure, valves controlling the conduits, and a conduit that receives the luid dischargedvby all of the nozzles.

9. A multistage turbine, in combination with a conduit .that receives'water of oo ny densation from thevturbine, and means receiving said `\vater from diierent stages of the turbine Whose pressures are vdissimilar and discharging it into the conduit, said means being so arranged that the uid vflowing from one stage creates a suction effect on the fluid flowing from a stage of lower pressure.

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand'this 13th day of May, 1911. Y

Witnesses GUSTE UBERLEE, GUsrAv HULBRocK.

Copies o't this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Intenta; ,Washington Il. C.

PAUL WAGNER;

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