US1049626A - Process for internally coating vessels suitable for containing oil and oleaginous products. - Google Patents

Description

UNITED s'rA'rns PATENT OFFICE.

CARL WENZELBURGER, O1 ANTWERP, BELGIUM.

, PROCESS FOR INTERNALLY COATING VESSELS SUITABLE FOR SONTAINING- dIL Albl'fD OLEAGINOUS PRODUCTS.

No Drawing.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed January 30, 1912. Serial No. 674,377.

Patented Jan??? To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that L'GARL VVuNznLnUnonn, a subyect of the German Emperor, residing I at Antwerp, Belgium, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes for Internally Coating Vessels Suitable for Containing Oil and Oleaginous Products; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to a process for internally coating vessels with glue or size, particularly wooden vessels, suitable for use in exporting oils and oleaginous products and liquids, such for example as petroleum, machinery oils, edible oils, turpentine, etc.

The process is useful not only for internally coating new vessels but also for in- I ternally coating vessels which have already been used, as it possesses considerable advantages over the methods hitherto employednv For'the purpose of simplifying the following description, wooden casks, which are the vessels commonly employed for the purpose indicated, will only be hereinafter mentioned, but the invention is nevertheless intended to extend to the coating of other vessels which can be employed for the exportation and carriage of the hereinbefore mentioned produ cts. I I 1 As is Well known Ioasks are sized internally for the purpose of filling up the pores and joints in order to prevent the oil from leaking. The processes which for this purpose are in common use at present only attain this object very incompletely so that losses ofoil during carriage often take place and this frequently leadslto complaints and unpleasant difierences betwee'n'thevender and the purchaser which hitherto it has not been possible to avoid and-which have been hitherto tacitly regarded in the commcrcial circles dealing in this class of goods as a matter of course. It has not heretofore been possible to obtain absolute fluid-tightness of the casks. Glue or size has proved to be the most suitable material for the purpose and cannot be replaced by any other desired product, such for example as pitch which is employed in the brewing as well as the other purpose is necessarily insure an efficient distribution of the glue or size over the internal surfaces. This method was dependent upon the dexterity of the workman, the use of a sufficient quantity of hot glue or size, and length of time during which the latter was kept within the casks. These constitute three very indispensable factors in the success of the process. The superfluous glue or sizewas finally allowed to flow out of bung holes after which the casks had to stand for a period amounting to as much as six days, according to the weather, for the purpose of drying the glue before they were capable of being used. In the'case of casks which had been previously used the process was still more tedious, as such casks had to be steamed out, before they were coated internally with the glue or size, for the purpose of removing the old glue or size and any other residues from their former contents. Since however the steaming out operation rendered the interior of the casks damp, the steaming process had to be followed by drying the casks in the air for from two to three days before the internalcoating thereof with the glue or size could be carried out. According to the coating methods previously employed therefore new casks require as many as six, and old casks as many as nine days before they are ready for use. At the sametime the internal coating of the casks with the glue or size was exceedingly incomplete because the hot glue when poured into the-cold casks cools too quickly and so rapidly becomes thick;

that it cannot be absorbed by the wood in" sufiicient quantity neither can a properly uniform distribution thereof take place. The result is that in some places the coating of glue or size is too thick while in others it is too thin, and others again have no coating at all. This explains the subsequent leakages from the cask because the cold surfaces of the wood receive, even under favorable nose one circumstances, only a skin-like coating Without the glue orsise properly penetrating; into the pores, fibers and. joints of the Wood.

New in the new process according to the. present invention not only is the time necessary for the internal coating and drying of the caslrs reduced to a minimum but the process insures that the interiors of the casks shall receive an efiicicnt coating of glue or size which "will render them thoroughly fluid-tight. New ca: 15, as soon as they are finished, and used as soon as they have been steamed out and. the liquefled residues removed, are treated, W hout requiring the before mentioned d air for several days, with hot e which is introduced into the cask for minutes at a suitably high temperature of several hundred degrees Celsius and. under a high pressure above that of the atmosphere, amounting say to from one to two atmospheres. By this means the Wooden sta'ves of the cash are thoroughly dried on their interior and the fibers, pores and are, so to speak, slightly opened by the heat and thereby favorably prepared for the ception of the glue or size. From 30 to 50 (thirty to fifty) liters or thereabout of boiling glue or size then forced throi ;;h the bung hole into the cash and by con iiiugal force and while still subjected to hot air at high pressure the interior of the cash issubjected to the hot glue-or size in such a manner that every partof the internal surface comes into contact with the heated gliie or size. This operation be carried out While the 02 l: is horizontal and takes a few minutes to i lect. ln consequence of the in-v terior of the cash being Wei heated by the use of the hot air current, the hot glue Will be thbroughly absorbed by the opened layore of fiber and the pores and joints of the wood, and in consequence also of the coating being effected by centrifugal force on der pressure the glue penetrates more deeply into the wood and the joints than is possible by the simple rinsing around hitherto commonly practised, That a better coating of the cash with the glue or size is actuan fact that the consumption of glue or size is greater for a given size of cask, in the new process than the old one, from which it follows that the former yields a better and thicker layer of glue or size. The slight additional expense caused by the gicatercons mption of glue is amply covered by the i sell o'f'the compensations which have hitherto had to be made for leakages. The superfluous glue or size introduced into the cash as described is finally allowed to llow 01st and file cask is then again treated with hot air for the purpose oi? drying; it and still more efficiently. forcing the layer of glue or size inlothe pores of the Wood, the

y efiected is manifest from the L hot air being introduced into the cask through the bung hole at a high pressure above that of the atmosphere (say one and a hali to two atmospheres for example) and at a high temperature such as ice (four hundred) degrees Celsius for example. Aiter a few minutes, (say from four to six minutes for example) the dry/111% complete and the cask is ready to be lillco with the product to be exported.

The entire process as hereinbefore described, from. the commencement of the preliminary heating of the cask, including the coating of it internally-with the glue or size, the removal of superfluous quantity of the latter and the drying of the cash takes barely an hour to carry out in order rem day the cash ready for use and for which similar operations, has been hereinbefore stated, a period. of from s12: to nine days;

has hitherto been necessary. The {line of about one hour might still be considerably reduced'to about a quarter of an hour, were it not for the fact of the time necessary to allow the superfluous portion the glue or size to thoroughly drain out of the cask after being forced into it. In the drying of casks according to as new process any faults in the manufacture of, and any leaky places in, the caskwill at the same time be brought to notice, because the high air pro sure immediately makes them apparent. This is an important, even asecondary circumstance and one which increases the advantage of the new process.

The advantages of the improved process in comparison with she old methods of ternally coating casks with glue or size are obvious, for, apart from the more rapid manufacture and the better internal coating of the casks with the glue or size thereby excluding all leakages a considerable economy in space and room taken no in the factory during the carrying out of tie procsee is effected and also in the storage yards, for the reason that the finished caslrs can be immediately sent away and special accommodstion therefor is no longer require whereas according to the old process a definite storage place had to be provided for each series of cuslrs according to he longer or shorter period of time prescribed for the treatment and storage for drying purposes, the various casks being specially arranged according to their time of drying and the storage of the casks oalculal'cd for one, two days, etc.

The kind cfthe appliances employed for heating and introducing the air and the ghie or size into" the csslrs' is perfectly immaterial as as as the out of the new process is concerned, as they will have cular local condisoie for attaining numerous that it Ice ample there are so man ways and means of heating the air and the a pears unnecessary to describe any parti dular constructions'of such. Thus for exdifierent possible position and the succession of the severaloperations, not been used hitherto for the internal coating with glue or size and the drying out vessels suitable for the exportation of oil and the like.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention the receptacle and finally heated dry air to the inmrior of t e recepand vin what manner the same is to be per formed I declare that what I claim is The herein described process of coating receptacles consisting in forcing hot dry' air under high pressure into the receptacles to absorb the moisture and open the pores of the material, then introducing an overcharge of hot size in the receptacle and centrifugally distributing the hot size'with hot air under pressure to the walls of the receptacle, then draining the su lus size from orcin highly tacle to dry the size.

Dated this 10 day of January 1912.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of.

two subscribin witnesses. 1

C RL WENZELBURGER. Witnesses:

KARL Gon'rzn,

G. DE LERKY.