US1046588A - Refrigerating apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

C. E. HAPGOOD.

BEFBIGERATING APPARATUS. APPLmATIoN FILED 1513.18. 1912.

1,046,588. I Patented De.10,1912.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1. A Egal. 65E I 4 Y 64 @ya 74% 4.3i y y 7 69 C. H. HAPGOO'D. RBFRIGERATIN G APPARATUS.

APPLIoATIoN HLED MAR 18,-1912.

.Patented Dec. 10, 1912.

3 S ESTs-SHEET 2.

U. H. HAPGOOD. i

l BEFBIGEBATING APPARATUS. A'ifPLIoAgIoN FILED M1148. 1912.

Patented Dec. I 10, 1912.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

crans nnareoon, or BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

REFRIGERATING APPARTS.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Dec, 10, 1912.

I Application led March 18, 1912. Serial No. 684,405.

To all whom t'mag/ concern:

Be it known that I, CrRUs' H. HAPoooD, a citizen of the United Stat-es, residing in Boston, county of Suffolk, and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Refrigerating Apparatus, of which the fol-lowing description, in connection With the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters on the dra-wings represent-- inglike parts..

This invention relates to a refrigerating system or apparatus in which a relatively' large volume of refrigerating medium or agent may be circulated preferably under a `relatively low pressure, whereby a s1mple,

compact, inexpensive and'highly'eilicient ap.- paratus may be obtained which 1s especially adapted' for use in households, to obtain a n'iaxinium of refrigerationpat a mlnimum cost. l

To this end, I employ a rotary pump for circulating a refnigerating fluid in a closed crcuit, which includes the said rotary pump. an expansion chamber or coil having a liquid inlet of relatively small area, in. "communication With the discharge or outlet side of the rotary pump, which has itssuction side .connected with the relatively large outlet. end of the expansion chamber or coil, whereby a substantially constant fluid pressure is maintained on the suction side of the pump, and the supply of liquid to the eX- pansion chamber is automatically regulated by the Huid pressure in the expansion chamber. and as a result hand or mechanical regulation of the feed of the liquid into the eX- pansion chamber is dispensed with, and the desired orproper average Huid pressure in the expansion chamber required to obtain the proper temperature of the refrigerating chamber and maintain it `at the desired point, is obtained.

The invention further has for its object to provide a simple and compact apparatus, which is capable of being assembled as a unitI outside of the refrigerating chamber and of being secured to the outside wall of said chamber, with the expansion chamber or coil extended into the chamber through sion is'made for cutting in and out an elecin Fig. 1 detached from the refrigerator.

Fig. 4, aside elevation of the apparatus sho-Wn in Fig., 3 looking toward the right and with the cover removed. Fig. 5, a detail of the thermostatic circuit controller shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 6, a detail of the relay and valve controlled-thereby. 7,

an elevation and section of the apparatus shown in Fig. 3, and Figs. 8, 9 and 10, sectional details tobe referred to.

In the present instance, I have shown one embodiment of the invention, which is especially designed for use in households, and

which comprises an expansion chamber,

preferably in the form of the coil a of pipes, a rotary pump b, an electric motor c, and a condenser (Z. For simplification, the condenser d and rotary vpump b are located in a fluid-tight casing c, provided with a removable front Wall or cover f, having extended from it into the casing, a shelf or platform 10, to which the rotary pump b is secu-redl as by bolts 12, and having extended outwardly from it a platform or shelf 13 to which the electric motor c is secured as by the bolts 14. The removable cover f is secured to the casing c by screws or bolts 15.

The cover f is provided with an opening through it for the passage of the shaft 16 of the rotary pump, which shaft passes through a stuiiing box 17 integral with the cover and-having a removable cap 18. The shaft 16 may be coupled directly to the ar mature shaft 19 of the electric motor c, if the latter is a slow running motor, or it may be connected thereto, if a high speed motor, by suitable gearing herein shown as a gear 2O fast on the pump shaft 16 and a pinion 21 on the armature shaft, which meshes with the gear 20. rthe pump shaft 16 is supported at its outer end as herein shown by a standard 22 erected on the plat-- form 13.

The rotary pump maybe of any suitable "construction, such for instance as shown in U. S. Patent No. 748707 dated Jan. 5-, 1904 and its casing is 'provided with a suction or inlet pipe 23 and with a discharge or outlet pipe 24, which latter as herein shown is extended upwardly in the casing-e to a level below the upper wall of the opening in the front of the casing which is closed by the cover f, moved from within the casing with the cover f, withoutv disconnecting it from the platform or shelf 10. The suction or inlet pipe 23 of the rotary pump is connected fluid'- ti ht with one end of the expansion coil a,

va nut 33 which engages wich may be effected as shown'in Fig. 8. For'this purpose, I employ a coupling comprising a sleeve or thinible 25, which is extended through a hole in an end wall 26 of the casing e and is providedl with a flange 27, and a second sleeve 28 which is secured to the sleeve 25 by screws 29, which extend through the sleeve 25 and .enter threaded sockets 30 in the sleeve 28.

The sleeve 25 is provided with internal screw threads, which are engaged byfthe outlet end of the expansion coil a, andthe sleeve 28 is provided with internal screw threads which are engaged b the inlet pipe 23 of the pump. A tight jomt between the sleeves 25,' 28 is obtained by means of a lead or other washer 32. The sleeve 25 is firmly clamped to the end wall'26 ofthe casing, by screw threads on the exterior of the sleeve 25, and which draws the flange 27 against the rear surface of the wall may be made tight by solder orbrazing indicated by thel heavy black line 34, Fig. 8. The front or inlet end of the expansion coil ya is secured to the end wall 26 of the casing e to be supported thereby, andV in the present instance said inlet end is secured to a vvalve `fitting l35 containing a needle valve 36, which coperates with a port 37 in a wall 38 within the fitting. The Valve fitting 35 is extended through a hole in the end wall 26 and is secured thereto by a nut 39 and flange 40, see Fig. 7, and said tting has a liquid inlet pipe 41,which is in open communication with the interior of the casing e below the open end of the discharge pipe 24v of the rotary pump.v

A uid tivht joint between the nut 39 and casing mayie 'effected by solder or brazing, indicated by the heavy black line 43 in Fig. 7.

The casing eis designed to contain glycerin or other fluid lubricant up to a' level below the mouth of the inlet pipe 41 for the expansion coil, and if a refrigerating .liquid lighter than oil is used, the inlet pipe y i l so that the pump may be vre-v 26. The joint between the nut 33 and wall 26 pipe of 41 terminates above the level of the rotary pump, as herein shown,and the oil ills the casing up to about the dotted line 45, and the refrigerating medium or agent is used in such quantity as to cover the mouth of the inlet pipe 41 for the expansion coil and preferably not cover the mouth of the outlet pipe 24 for the pump, the upper surface of the liquid refrigerating agent being indicated by the dotted line 46. The liquid refrigerant-passes through the pipe 41 into lthe inlet passage 47 of the valve fitting 35,

and if the needle valve 36 is open, the liquid passes through the port 37 into the outlet passage 48 of the fitting, and thence `into the expansion coil wherein it vaporizes and from which it is drawn through the inlet pipe 23 by the rotary pump and discharged through the outlet pipe 24 into the casing, wherein the vapor is condensed and falls down onto the body of liquidv refrigerant therein. -Itwill thus be seen, that the refrigerant is circulated through a closed system, which includes the rotary pump, an expansion chamber, and, inthe construction herein shown, includes the casing e. The

casing e also contains within it a condenser in the formv of a coil ci of pipe, which has its inlet and outlet ends 51, 52 extended through the top of the casing. The inlet end 51 of the coil is connected with asource y of water supply, and` in the present 1instance said inlet en'djof the condenser ell is connected to the outlet passage 53 of, a valve fitting 54, see Fig. 9, whichl is provided with a partition Wall 55 having a `port which connects the cuter passage 53 with an inlet passage 56 of the valve fitting.

The inlet passage 56 has connected to it a pipe 58 which is connected with the supply of cold water, such as the cold water the house in which the refrigerating plant is located. The outlet end 52 of the condenser or coil dis connected with a pas-- sage 60, see Fig. 4, formed in one upright wall 61 of the casing e, which passage connects with' a passage 62 in the 'bottom wall of the casing, and the latterpassage connects with a passage 63 in the'opposite upright wall 64 of the casing, with which latter passage is connected the waste or discharge pipe 65, Vwhich may be run to any suitable place, as for instance the sink. The circulation of water through the condenser is controlled by a valve 67 coperating with the port in the wall 55 ofthe valve litt-ing 54, and in the present instance said valve ris closed by a spring 68 and is opened by a lever 69 acting on the stein 70 of the valve. The lever 69 is pivoted at one end to a bracket'71 attached to the valve fitting 54 A and carries the armature 72 of an electromagnet or relay 7 3. The lever 69 also conmade as herein shown, see Figs. l and 5, and

consists of a tube 80 preferably of glass, terminating at its ends in closed bulbs 81, 82, said tube being suitably pivoted as by means of a cross .bar 83 havmgknife edges at its ends which -rest on the walls of circular openings 84 in metal uprights 85 erected upon abase late 86. The tube'80 is filled with liquid 8 preferably mercury, and the pivot bar 83 has attached to it a metal arm 88, which constitutes the movable member of a circuit controller, the'coperatin member of which is shown as a metal p ate 89, supported by a block 90 of insulating materialwhichis securedto the metal base plate 86. The larger bulb 81 is designed tobe filled with a liquid sensitive to heat, such as.

ether, methyl alcohol, or the like, while the bulb 82 is filled with a Huid such as air which is compressible. The liquid in the bulb 81 responds to slight changes in temperature, and when heated it expands in the bulb and forces the mercury 87 through the tube 80 into the bulbI 82, thereby compressing the iuid therein and adding weight to this end of the tube, which descends and brings the member 88 of the circuit controller into contact with the member 89, thereby closing the circuit of the electromagnet 73. As soon as the temperature is lowered, the. liquid in the bulb 81 contracts and the mercury runs back into the bulb 81 from the bulb 82, and the tube turns on 'its pivot and opens the switch or circuit controller. s A

The thermostastic circuit controller is located. in the refrigerating chamber 75, and may be inclosed in a suitable protectivel casing (not' shown). t The electromagnet -73 and the circuit controller for the motor c maybe inclosed in a suitable casing 91. The

thermostatic circuit controller is providedv with means for regulating the temperature at which the circuit of the electromagnet or relay 73 should be closed and opened, herein shown as an adjustable weight in the form of a collar 92,- which is free to be moved longitudinally on the tube 80. The electric circuits for the motor e and the `relay or electromagnet 73 are represented in diagram 1n Fig. 2, and by reference thereto, it will be seen that the relay 73 is in. series with the thermostatic circuit controller and is connected with the line wires 93, 94 in a manner well understood, whereas the felectric motor c and Iits controlling switch 69, 74 are in series and connected by a separate circuit with the line wires 93, 94.

By reference to Figs. l, 3, 4 and 7, it Will be observed, that the expansion coil a is affixed to the casing e, -which also supports the rotary pump b and the electric motor c, so that the apparatus is a unit and can be handled and shipped as such, ready to be affixed to the refrigerator Vor ice chest 76,- which need `only have a slot cut inone of its passage into it of the expanwalls for the sion coil, after which the casing can be secured to the refrigerator -by screws or bolts 95 passed through lugs 96 on the casing e.

After thevapparatus has' been secured to the refrigerator, the slot through which the expansion coil is passed, may be closed in any suitable manner. The condenser al is then connected with the valve fitting 54 in t-he box 91 containing the relay 73, andthe thermostatic circuit controller is located in the refrigerating chamber, and the proper electrical connections made.

By reference to Fig: 7, it will be seen that the rotary pump 1s submerged in lubricant and as a result, the pump is properly lubricated to run indelinitely, and provision is made' for the passage of t-he lubricant into the interior of the pump.v To restrict agitation of the lubricating oil in the casing e the pump shaft 16 is inclosed by a sleeve 99 fitted over one of the bearing hubs 100 and extended to the cover plate f.

The stuing box 17 contains a packing of Peruvian raw hide 101 or other suitable material capable of withstanding the action of the glycerin or other oil.

A sufficient quantity ofl liquid refrigerant is added to the casing through the air cock 102 of the valve fitting 35, to bring the refrigerant up to the level ofthe line 46.

vIn operation, the needle valve 36 is adjusted to uncover. suiiicient ofthe port 37 to supply the proper amount of liquid refrigerant to the expansion coil, to obtain the desired degree of cold in v'the refrigerating chamber 75, which is produced by the evaporationl of the liquid refrigerant into gaseous form, which is drawn through the expansion coil a by the rotary pump b and discharged into the casing e through the outlet pipe 24 for the rotary pump. The gas discharged by the rotary pump is liquefied by the condenser, and the liquid -refrigerant thus produced drops onto the,

body or layer of refrigerant whichV floats on the body of glycerin or other oil.

After the needle valve 36 has been once adjustedV to supply the proper amount of liquld refrigerant to the expansion coil 'necessary or desired to obtain a given pres'- sure-1n the expansion coil, and there-by obtain the desired temperature in the refv the suction side' of said pump.

minimum size, inasmuch pump with .the condenser body handling refrigerant's frigerating chamber, said valve needs no further attention, for the gaseous pressure in the expansion coil or chamber Aaut-omatically regulates the supply of liquid refrigerant into the expansion chamber, owing to a substantially constant pressure being 'maintained by the rotary pump on a result, adjustments of the expansion or needle hand or mechanically after the valve by been started 'in operation, so

apparatus has as to regulate the supply ofliquid refrigerant to the expansion coil to meet the changes of temperature in the condenser, are avoided.

By `means of the rotary pump, which eX-f erts a continuous or substantiallycontinuous pull on the gasesin one direction in the expansion chamber, a'substantially constant presure in the expansion chamber and on the suction side of the pump is obtained. The rotary pump is especially adapted for which yield substantially large volumes of gas at relatively low pressures, such for instance as ether, rhigolene, cymogene, carbon bisuld, carbon tetrachlorid, acetone, sulfur dioxid, methyl ether andthe like, and as a rotary pump of small size is capable of vhandling a large volume of gas, said of small size suitable for use in households, which plantl can be made small and compact, inexpensive in cost, installation and maintenance, and highly efficient in service, as the desired refrigeration can be produced at a minimum expense and with a plant of as the refrigerating capacity of the refrigerating plant is increased materially by the use of the rotary pump.

Furthermore by means of the rotary pump a practically valveless system or plant 1s obtained, as the supply of liquid refrigerant to the expansion chamber or coil is automat-ically regulated by the gas pressure in said chamber coil, which pressure is maintained substantially constant by the rotary pump.

In the present instance, the internal heat generated by the rotary pump is taken care of c containing the d, whereby the condensing fluid is circulated around the of lubricantrwithin the casing. In other Words, the casing e forms part of the condenser in the apparatus herein shown, and also forms a cooling jacket forl the rotary PumPf A Y VAssume that the apparatus has been apby connecting the casing plied to a refrigerator or ice chest as reprepresent case,

A pump is especially ap? plicable for use in refrigerating apparatus -rotary pump Agaseous forni mixed with lubricant,

`the casing c and 1n the the rotar-yr pump is: of water through the out of circuit and stopped and the flow 'condenser is interrupted. The' parts remain in lthis condition until the temperature of the refrigerating chamber 'has risen to a predetermined point say 38, whereupon the thermostat operates as above described to close the circuit of the relay 73, which is energized and moves the lever 69 to open the valve 67 and to close the circ 't of the motor c, which latter starts up and drives the rotor of the pump b. VThe 'rotary pump establishes a circulation of the refrigerantby-dravving the refrigerant in gaseous form from the expansion coil a and discharging it into the casing e, where it comes in contact with the condenser d and the Walls of the casing and is condensed into liquid form', which descends'in the casing and accumulateson the body of oil', when the refrigerant used is lighter than oil, as the in Whichrhigoleneis supposed to be used. The liquid rhigolene passes through the pipelll into the 1itting35 and thro-ugh the port 37 into the expansion coil or chamber a and vexpands therein into gaseous form, thereby producing cld in' the refrigerating chamber 75.- The rotary pump. handles a large volume of refrigerant and continues to draw it from the expansion coil and discharge it into the,- casing e, from which it flows again -into the expansion coil. v

A circulation of a relatively large volume of refrigerant is thus maintained temperature ofv the refrigerating chamber has been lowered to the predetermined point, namely 36 in the supposedv instance, Whereupon the thermostat operates to open the circuit of the relay 73, which is dener'gized and allows the spring 8 to close the valve 67 and through the valve stem 70 to move the lever G9 and open thecircuit of the motor c, which stops and with it stops the rotary pump, thereby interrupting the circulation of the refrigerant until the temperature of the refrigerating chamber has again risen suiiciently to cause the thermostat to again close the circuit of the relay 73. The discharges. t-he refrigerant .in and the latter being materially heavier than the refrigerante-nd not iniscible therewith readily separates therefrom and descends in the casing e.

By reason of the fact thatthe circulation until the j lio of the refrigerating iuid'V is v eiected by. -l

means f a rotary pump, the pressures in expansion chamber or coil a are very quickly equalized after the pump is stopped, due to the fact that the rotary pump when inactive is not required to `be l{luid-tight, but affords oppori tunity for this equalization of the pressures, thus dispensing with the 1 use -of any mechanical means for equahzing the pressure.

The expansion coil herein shown is arranged so that in case any lubricant should pass into it through the inlet pipe 4l, it

-would gravitate to the lower portion of the expansion coil, which is on l a level, and would be. carried with the. gases back-to the rotary pump and be discharged thereby into the casing, thus keeping the expansion coils free or substantially free from lubricant, and preventing the accumulation of lubricant ,in the expansion coil .and consequently s ture changes,

maintaining the latter in its most effective condition.

The lubricant envelops the pump shaft 16 and thereby seals the casing against the escape of the refrigerant, consequently the system is hermetically sealed to the escape of -the refrigerant.

In the present instance, I have described the refrigerant as lighter than oil, but it is not desired to limit the invention in this respect as a refrigerant heavier than oil can be used by extending the inlet pipe 41 down toward the bot-tom of the casing e so as to be covered by the body of refrigerant in said casing below the body of o il. So also I have shown the invention as embodied in an apparatus which is especially designed to be of small size and used wit-h't-he refrigerator used in households, but it is not desired to limit the invention in this respect as the apparatus'can be readily enlarged or modied to enable it to refrigerators, as for instance in provision and like stores. I prefer to use the thermostatic circuit controller herein shown as the same is extremely sensitive to temperaand as it can be used in other relations than that herein shown, it is not herein claimed broadly, but will be made the subject matter of another application.

laims:

1. In a refrigerating apparatus, in combination, a refrigerator, an expansion chamber for a refrigerating medium located in ysaid refrigerator, a casing located outside of a rotary pump located in said refrigerator, r

having its inlet pipe consaid casing and nected with the outlet end of said expansion chamber, and having its outlet pipe discharging into said casing, a valve 'fitting having an inlet passage in open communication with said casing to receive liquid .refrigerant therefrom andan outlet `the outside thereof and having its armature assage connected with the inlet end of sai expansion chamber, a valve in said fitting, an electric motor supported lby said casing on shaft connected with) the rotary pump to drive the same, a condenser located in said casing, a valve controlling the flow of condensing fluid through 'said condenser,'an electromagnet controlling said valve, a circontroller for the motor governed by said electromagnet, and athermostatic cirbe used'with larger cuit controller located in said refrigerator and controlling the operation of said electromagnet, substantially as described.

2: In a refrigerating apparatus, in combination, a casing for containing a liquid refrigerant and `a fluid lubricant, a rotary pump located in said casing and having its shaft extended 'outside thereof, an electric motor connected with said shaft to drive said pump, and an expansion chamber for the refrigerant located outside of said casmg and, supported thereby and having its inlet end vin open communication with said casing and its outlet end connected with the suction side of said rotary pump, substantially as described.

3. lIn a refrigerating apparatus, in combi` nation, a casing provided with an opening4 in one of its side walls, a coverforv said opening having ,a ,shelf extended from one side thereof into said casing and having a` second shelfextended outwardly from said casing, a rotary pump supported by the shelf within said casing, a motor supported by the shelf outside of said casing, and means for connecting the said motor with the shaft of said rotary pump, and an expansion chamber located outside of said casing and having a Huid inlet communicating with the casing and an outlet connected with the suction side of said rotary pump, substantially as described.

4. In a refrigerating apparatus, a casing, a rotary` vpump located therein, an electric motor located outside of said casing and connected with the said rotary pump to drive the same, and an expansion chamber located outside of the casing and supported thereby andv having its outlet end connected with the suction side of said rotary pump, substantially as described.

loo

5. In a refrigerating apparatus, in combii nation, a caslng for contaming a body of fluid lubricant, afrotary pump located in said casing and immersed 1n said lubricant, said rotary pump having a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet and an expansion chamber con-l nected with the fluid inlet for said rotary pump, and having a fluid inlet in communication with said casing, scribed.

6. In a refrigerating apparatus, in combination, an 'expansion chamber provided with a relatively small inlet for llquid refrigerant and a relatively largel outlet for gaseous refrigerant, a casing for Vcontaining a body ofiiuid lubricant and a body of liquid refrigerant, a pipe connected with the inlet end of the expansion chamber and extended into said caslng to supply liquid. refrigerant to said expansion chamber, a rotary pump in said casing having its suction inlet connected with the outlet end of said expansion chamber, and having itsoutlet pipe discharging into'said casing and a substantially as de- '65 iii-nation, a casing, a rotary pump condenser for the gaseous refrigerant discharged by said rotary pump, substantially as described.

7. In a refrigerating apparatus, in coinbinatio'n, a casing for containing a fluid lubricant and a liquid refrigerant, an expansion chamber located outside of said casing and provided with a relatively small inlet pipe extended into the casing to receive liquid refrigerant therefrom and having a relatively largev outlet for gaseous refrigerant extended into said casing, a rotary pump supported in said casing, and having its suction inlet connected with the outlet for the expansion chamber, and having its outlet pipe in open communication with said casing, and a condenser located in said casing, substantially as described.

8. In a refrigerating apparatus,

in combricant and a liquid refrigerant, a condenser in said casing, an expansion chamber, a rotary pump having its inlet connected with the outlet of said expansion chamber and its outlet discharging into said ca sling, and 1an inlet pipe for said expansion chamber communicating vWithsaitil casing to receive fluid refrigerant from said casing,

substantially as described.

9. In a refrigerating apparatus, in combination, an expansion chamber having an inlet for liquid refrigerant, and an outlet for o'aseous refrigerant, a rotary 'pump having its suction inlet connected with the outlet. for the expansion chamber, and a casing arefrigerating chamber in which said ex-` pansion chamber is located, a stationary casing attached to said refrigerating chamber and a rotary pump loci. .ed in saidstationary casing and provided with a suction inlet connected with the outlet end of said expansion chamber, and having its outlet in communication with said expansion chamber, substantially as described.

'11. In a refrigerating apparatus, in combination, an expansion chamber having a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, a rotary pump having its inlet connected with the outlet of said expansion chamber and provided with a fluid outlet, means for containing a body of liquid lubricant so as to surround the shaft of said rotary pum and seal the pump against the escape of re igerant along said shaft, and means for connecting the outlet of said pump with the inlet for said expansion chamber.

12. In a refrigerating apparatus,

bi'nation, a casing for containing a iuid lu-.

for connecting the outlet for said pump withthe inlet for said expansion chamber to es-l in com-v located in said casing and provided with an inlet pipe extended outside of saidcasing, and

casing, an expansion chamber located outside of said casing and provided with an inlet pipe extended into said casing, substantially as described.

13. In a refrigerating apparatus, in com- -with an outlet pipe 'discharging iiito saidbination, a casing, a rotary pump located in i said casing and provided with an inlet pipe extended outside of' said casing and with an youtlet pipe discharging into said casing, an

expansion chamber located outside of said casing and provided with an inlet pipe extended into said casing, and a condenser located in said casing, substantially as described.

14. In a. refrigerating apparatus, in combination, a casing for containing a body of liuid lubricant and a body of liquid refrigerant, a rotary pump located in said casing and having its shaft extended through a Wall of the casing to the 'outside thereof and suri'ounded by said Huid lubricant to seal the casing against the escape of the re-I frigerant lalong said shaft to the outside of said casing, andan expansion chamber having' a fluid inletv communicating with the said casing toibe supplied with liquid refrigerant therefrom and having a -iuid outlet connected with the inlet of said pump.

15. In a refrigerating apparatus, in coinbination. af casing. a rotary pump located therein, an expansion chamber located outside o'f the casing and supported thereby and having its out-let end connected With the suction side of the said rotary pump, and means to rotate said pump.

16. ln a refrigerating apparatus, in com-4 bination, a casing provided with an opening in one of its Walls, a coverfor said opening having ashelf extended from one side thereof into said casing, a rotary pump supported by said shelf within the said casing and having its shaft extended through said cover to the outside of said casing, means to rotate said shaft and an expansion chamber located outside of said casing and having a fluid inlet communicating with the casing and an outlet connected with the suction side of said rotary pump, substantially as described.

17. In a refrigerating apparatus, in combination, an expansion chamber having an inlet for liquid refrigerant and an outlet for gaseous refrigerant, a rotary pump having its suction inlet connected with the outlet for the expansion chamber, and a substantially fluid-tight casing into which the Huid outlet forv the rotary pump discharges and with which the fluid inlet for the exansion chamber is' in open communication, whereby the pressure between said expansion chamber -and said casing may be automatically equalized'when said pump is stopped. 18. In a refrigerating apparatus, in cemlet connected with the inlet said casing and immersed in a body of fluid' lubricant, an expansion chamber located outside of said casing and havinv' its'fluid outfbr said rotary pump, and its fluid inlet in communication with said casing, a condenser, and a water jacket for saidcasin connected with said condenser, substantial y as described.

19. `In a refrigerating apparatus, in combination, a substantially fluid-tight casing, an expansion chamber located outside of said casing and having an inlet for liquid refrigerant lin open communication with said casing, and a rotarypump located in said casing and having its inlet connected with the outlet for 'said expansion chamber and its outlet in opencommunication with said casing, for the purpose specified. 20. In a refrigerating apparatus, in combination, an expansion chamber, a rotar pump having yits inlet connected vwith the outlet for said expansion chamber, and a substantially fluid-tight casing in open communication with the inlet for the said expansion chamber and with the outlet for" said rotary pump, and\a.condenser located in said casing, for the purpose specified.

2l. Inl arefrigerating apparatus, in combination, a substantially fluid-tight casing, an expansion chamber located outside of said casing, and a rotary pump located in said casing and having its 1nlet port connected withV the outlet for said expansion chamber and its tion with the said. casing, said expansion chamber having its inlet 1n communication with said casing, for the purpose specified. .22..In a refrlgerating a paratus, in combination, a substantially uid-tight easing,

an expansion chamber located outside of said casing,a rotary pumplocated in said casing and having its inlet port connected with the outlet for said expansion chamber and its inlet in open communication with the saidv casing, sa1d expansion chamber having its inlet in communication with said casin and a condenser loca-ted in said casing, sustantially as described.

23. In a refrigerating apparatus, in combination, an expansion chamber provided with a fluid inlet and a gaseous outlet, the latter being located below the said inlet to the out outlet in open communica-- sion chamber rom the inlet to the outlet, a rotary um having its inlet'connected with et for the expansion chamber and having its outlet discharging at a level above the inlet to the expanslon chamber, and a casin rfor containing liquid refrigerant belowt e levelof the inlet for the expansion chamber and connected therewith and with which casing the outlet for the rotary pump communicates, for the purpose specified.

24. In a refrigerating apparatus, in combination, an expansion chamber, a rotary Y allow fluid'to fgravitatethrough the expanpump,means for connecting the inlet of said lpump with said expansion chamber for the` gravitation of liquid from-.said expansion chamber to Isaid pump,-a supply chamber for liquid refrigerant located below the liquid inlet for said expansion chamber and communicating therew1th, and with which the outlet for said rotary pump is in communication, for the purpose specified.

25.` In a refrigerating apparatus, in combination, a casing for containing a body of fluid lubricant and a liquid refrigerant,l an expansion chamber connected with said casing to receive liquid refrigerant therefrom, and a rotary pump located in sa1d cas1ng and having its inlet communicating with the outlet for the expansion chamber and its outlet communicating with said casing, said rotary pump being protected from contact with theY liquid refrigerant by the. body of lluidv lubricant.

26. In a refrigeratinga paratus, in combination, an expansion c amber provided with a fluid inlet anda gaseous outlet, the latterbeing located below the said inlet to allow fluid to gravitate through the .expansion chamber from the inlet to the outlet a rotary pump having its inlet connected with the outlet for the exp a casing for containin 11quid`refrigerant with which the outlet gor the rotary pump communicates and with the inlet for .the expansion chamber.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CYRUS H. HAPGOOD.- Witnesses l JAS. H. CHURCHILL,

al. MUnPHY.

ansion chamber,

which communicatesl

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