US1044597A - Calculating mechanism for type-writers. - Google Patents

Description

H. SUGDEN & C. F. PIDGIN. CALCULATING MECHANISM FOR TYPE WRITERS. I APPLICATION, FILED NOV. 27, 1903. RENEWED JUNE 11, 1909. 1,044,597.

Patented 'Nov. 19, 1912.

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v H. SUGDENK: G. F. PIDGIN. CALCULATING MECHANISM FOR TYPE WRITERS. APPLIOATION I-ILBD NOV. 27, 1903, RENEWED JUNE 11,1909.

Patented Nov. 19, 1912.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

H. SUGDEN '8; G. P. PIDGI'N. CALCULATING MEGHANISMFOR TYPE WRITERS. APPLIUATIQN TILED NOV. 27, 1903. RENEWED JUNE 11, 1909. gqq g'y, Patented Nov. 19,1912.

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Patented Nov. 19, 1912.

H. SUGDEN 6/: G. F PlDGIN. GALCULATING MECHANISM FOR TYPE WRITERS. APPLICATION FILED NOV. 27, 190s.- RENEWED JUNE 11, 1909. ,59'7.

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n 4 a w UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

I HENRY SUG-DEN AND CHARLES IF. 'PIDGIN, 013 BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIG-NOBS TO THE NATIONAL CASH REGISTER COMPANY, OF DAYTON, OHIO, A OORPORATION OF OHIO, (INCORPORATED IN 1906.)

CALCULATING MEOHANISM FOB. TYPE-WRITERS.

- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 19,1912.

Application filed November 27, 1903, Serial No..182,715. Renewed June '11, 1909. Serial No. 501,652

This invention has for its object to pro-.

vide calculating mechanism to be operated in conjunction with the keys of a typewriter far as we have knowledge, such extra pressure being particularly noticeable. when the to render the latter particularly adapted for tabulating, as in the compilation of census statistics.

Thev invention contemplates the employment of counting mechanism with devices by which it is a'ctuatedby any one ofthe keys of a typewriter from 1 to 9 inclusive, with additional provisions whereby said keys cause the actuation of said counting mechanism only when the typewriter carriage has reached a predetermined point in itstravel.

One of the principal aims of the invention is to avoid any considerable variation in the touch of the instrument over what is ordinarily found in typewriters, that is, we seek to do awaywith the extra pressure required on the numeral keys when these keys are required to Y transmit the power which operatesthe counting. disks, ashas-been the casein all prior machines of this class, so

counting mechanism carries over the motion of one numeral disk to that expressing the next denomination, and being such as to seriously interfere with the securing of a proper and uniform impression by the nu meral'type, besides tiring the operator. be

cause of the heaviness of the touch. These 'difliculties are overcome in our invention by employing a source of motive power independent of the operator for actuating the calculating mechanism, together with suitable means whereby the actuation of a key effects the connection of the desired counter with the said source of power, thepower and the controlling connections being pref erablyelectrical, as more fully hereinafter described.

According to this invention the type' writer may be employed for printing upon a sheet statistical data, including the figures used in the compilation, without interference wlth the counting mechanism, but said -mechanism may be actuated in proper time to eiiect theaddition of the varioussums as they are printed by the -machine. For instance, assuming that the typewriter be em- .ployed for printing the inventory of a manufactory, the various items may be printed in one column, as usual, while the values are senting the different values being in line .with the particularitms. As the values are described with reference to the drawings -Wl1l0ll accompany and form part of this specification.

Of the accompanying drawings, which illustrate one embodiment of the invention,Figure 1 shows in plan view a book typewriting machine,.sov called, in connection with which the present invention may be employed. Fig. 2 represents a plan view of the counting mechanism with the cover detached. Fig. 3 represents a view, partially diagrammatic, of the counting mechanism, 'a typewriter key, and the controlling mechanism employed in connection therewith. Fig. 4 represents a section on the line 44 of Fig. 3 of the controlling mechanism. Fig. 5 represents a section through the typewriter and illustrates diagrammatically the connections between the typewriter printed in another column, the sums repreand the counting mechanism. Fig.=6 represents one of" the circuits, the others being duplicates thereof. Fig. 7 represents an end View of one of thetran'smitters. Figs. 8 and 9 represent respectively an elevation and a' plan of the circuit-distributive switch.

F rig. 10 represents the return ratchetnf one of the transmitters. Fig. 11 is a detail view of parts,of the'solenoid-operated portions of thetrans'mittentaken from the side oppo .site to that shown in Fig- 3.

The same reference characters indicate the same parts in all the figures.

Referring to the drawings, particularly to Fig. 1, it will be observed that a book-type.

Writer is thereon illustrated in plan view. It is unnecessary to give a description of this machine as it is well known commercially. To the sides of the machine are se cured standards 10 which support nine separate controlling mechanisms of which one is illustrated at the left hand in Fig. 3. Each controlling mechanism is operated by one of the keys in number from 1 to 9, in-

clusive. These keys are indicated at 11.-

Each one is connected by a link 12 with type-bars 13 and held in raised position by a spring 14:. The entire carriage 120 carrying with it the keys, type-bars, transmitters and counters is moved to theright by suitable escapement mechanism, upon the depression of a key. Extending across the entire framework of the machine is the scale bar 140, which is adapted to re eive the usual stops. 'Upon this scale bar is ad justably placed a contact support 15, as

shown in Figs. 8 and 9, whichwill be subsequently described in detail.

Each numeral-key 11 has pertaining to it a controller shown at the left ofFig. 3 and a transmitter shown at the middle of Fig. 3. At the right of Fig. 3 is shown a counter of which there may be any number, nine being shown in the drawings, each counter having a numbered index wheel whereby numbers or sums to as many places as there are counters may be registered.

The controller for each key 11 includes a rod 16 connected by a link 17 with the key 11, a boss 18 on said rod, a spring 19 to depress the rod, two pairs of spring-contacts 20 21 22 23 actuated by said boss, and a latch 2 1 to engage said boss and lock the'key lever in actuated position, said latch being projected by a spring 25' and, retracted by an electro-magnet 26. Each controller is inclosed in a casing and represented as a Whole by the numeral 27. The several controllers 27 are mounted on the under side of the transverse frame 28 supported by standards 10 10.

The transmitters and counters are located on a base 29 which may be carried by the carriage or placed in any convenient loca-' tion and connected with'the controllers on the moving typewriter carriage 120 by a cable. Each transmitter includes a pair of contact members of which one is a wheel 30 carrying contact-pins 31 in number corresponding to the numeral representing the key with whose controller that transmitter is connected, the, other member being a brush or contact-finger Wheel 30 has a notch for engaging a pivoted latch 3i, said latch being projected by a spring and retracted by a magnet 36. Thevlatch also carries yielding contact-fingers 37 38 cooperating with fixed contacts 39 4:0.

Motive power to rotate the contact whecl 30 is furnished by a solenoid -11 having its armature 42 connected with a verticallymoving straight gear or rack i3. Rack (see Figs. 8 and 11) engages a pinion l!- loose with respect to the wheel 30 and con nected therewith through a one-way-acting clutch comprising the teeth of said pinion and a pawl 45 pivoted to wheel 30 and having spring 46. This connects pinion la with wheel 30 on the upward movement of rack 43but permits free descent of said rack by its weight and the pull of spring The rotation of'wheel 30 is retarded by a geartrain 47 48 49 50 and fly 51. In Figsl and 6 it will be noted that a contact-pin 52 on rack 43 cotiperates with a spring contactfinger 53, the purpose of which is to make and break the circuit of latch-magnet an, as hereinafter more fully described. The transmitters are each represented as a whole by the numeral 54.

Each counter, represented as a whole by the numeral 55, includes a counter-wheel 56 with periphery numbered from 0 to S), a gear 57 attached thereto, an equal-sized intermeshing gear 58, a toothed cscape-wln el 59 attached thereto, an escape pallet 60 cg. erated'by electro-magnet 61 and spring (52, a motor-solenoid 63 having armature (it connected with vertically-moving straight gear or rack 65, a cooperating pinion 66, and a return clutch including pawl 67 pivoted to (scape-wheel 59 and engaging pinion 66, and spring 68 for said pawl. There also a check-pawl 69 for the escapewheel 59. Each counter excepting the high est one also includes a carrying-overdevice comprising a stationary spring contactfinger 70 and a revolving contact-pin 71 on counterwheel 56.

Figs. 1, 3, 6, '9, and lOshow the distributive switching device whose object is to connect the transmitters 54 to some particular counter 55 determined by the pcsition of the typewriter carriage and corresponding to a predetermined place or value in the tabular column, as the tens, hundreds or thousands place, etc. Said distributing switch device includes the base 1.5 connected with the toothed feeding and scale bar 140 by spring-clips 72 7'2 enabling the base 15 to be detached from the scale bar 140 and moved to a new position thereon according to the place on the sh at or writing page at which it is desired to p rform the tabula tion. The base or support 15 carries a series of contacts 73 T3 connected'with the several counters 55 and an elongated contact-T l below the same. The typewriter carriage 120 carries a brush 75 cotiperating with the contacts 73 and a brush 7 6 cooperating withthe elongated contact 7 1- It will be lOtQd that the support 15 is beveled at 730 on its ends to'jpermitithe'brushes to slide easily on'and on their contacts.

connections are best shown in Fig. 6,

5 irrvvh'ich someof the parts are represented gyinboli'callyf 77 indicates a battery or of powerhaving one side connected byaireturn or ground wire 78 with the long Contact. 'Brush 76 has a wire 79 con-y nected'withseveral return wires, and the brush75has a Wire 80 connectedwiththe contact-finger 32. The several transmitters 54 re connected in parallel with the brushes.

1 6, the wires 79 80 in Fig. 6representin" jtihe connections to the next transmitter. *{T outgoing side ofbattery 77 is connected by wire 81 with the key-controlledflcont-act 221and by wire 82 withthe magnet 26. The return from magnet 26 is by. wire 83, keycontacts 21 20, wire 84, contact 39, finger 37, and wire 85 to the return wire 79. A circuit wire 86 passes from the key-contact 23 andbranches in parallel through the magnet 36 i ters, the circuit at each counter branching "bywires 91 92 to the magnet 61 and solenoid Thereturn 'wire' 93 from the escapema gnet of each counter connects with one off'the' contacts 73 of the distributer. The

40 solenoids 63-all have a return through the ="'-bra"n"cl ies 94 94, etc., and the common return wiris"95 and 79. The escape magnet return 'ofrt he. first counter seen at the right of Fig1: f6 ,"'is numbered 93, that of the second 46 couiiter is numbered 93, and that of the thiiid' counter (not shown) 93". The carryinglover pin 71 of the first counter is connected by a branch 96 with the wire 94 and finger'70 is connected by wire 97 .with the 5Q escape-magnet of the next counter.

The. operation is as followszsupposing it is desired to tabulate certain values at the end of a line of writing. The typewriter carriage is moved or fed until the brushes 5 ,76 .ride onto their contacts 73 74 in the 7 distributer. Previous to this the numeralg nay be used for printing without any efl'fec'tr 'on .the counting mechanism because the, electrical connections are broken, the

.6 return brush 76 controlling all branch 'circuitsreturning to the battery When i the carriage isv in tabulating position all of tliegtransmitters 54 are connected through br hl 75 wi t-h one ofthecounters and this i egi ster upon thedepression of the corresponding key. When a numeralkeyll is depressed as seen in Fig; it is immediately locked by the detent 24 and is held in actuated position until the corresponding counter has had time to register. \Vhile said key is locked it is held in printing position and no other key on the typewriter can be made to print. The actuation of the key brings the two pairs of contact points 20-21 22 23 together and thereupon circuits are completed from the battery 77 through the latch-magnet 36 and solenoid 41, the current going by way of 81 22 23 86 and 36 and return ng by .87 53 52 43 79 76 74 and 7 8 and in parallel when magnet 36. attracts its armature, through 41, returning by 88 40 38 79, etc. The actuation of latch 34 by magnet 36 releases con- .tact-wheel 30 and the circuit of the motorcompleted through 38 '40. The rising of rack 43 rosolenoid 41 is immediately tates wheel 30 and the contact of pins 3].-

with brush 32 sends a predetermined number of impulsesto the particulancounter 55.

whose wire 93 93, etc., the brush 75 is connected with, said number of impulses dending upon the number of P1115 in the wheel 30 of that transmitter. p

Early in the upward travel of rack,,43 the circuit of magnet 36 is broken by separation of 52 53 so that latch 34 returns to the circular, part of the periphery of wheel 30.

Thisposition of the latch'(while its tip remains on said circular part) does not permitcompletion of the circuit of key-releasing magnet 26 which was broken at 37 39 upon the first actuation of the latch and does not permit the breaking of the circuitof solenoid 41 at 38 40, because the yielding contact fingers 37, 38 are carried by the latch and must remain in the position shown in Fig. 3. The intermittent impulses created by rotation of Wheel 30 in the transmitter pass through the selected counter 55 from the battery 77 by way of 90 91 through the escape-magnet 61 of that counter and return by the wire 93-"(01' 93, etc.) selected contact 73, brush 75, wire 80, finger 32, contactwheel 30, wire 89 and through 79, etc., to. the

opposite side of the battery.- As the motorsolenoid 63 is put-under power by the contactof brush 76with 74 through 77 90 92 63 94 95 7 9 76 74 and 78, the counter-wheel 56 is rotated step by step a predetermlned distance under control of the pallet 60.

When 30 has completed one rotation, a latch 34 enters notch 33 and stops the wheel.

At the same time 41 loses power through the separation of 38 and 40 and the releasing.

magnet is energized by the contact of 37 Thelatch 24 is retracted and the keymembers 18 11 released, whereby all circuits through the transmitter are .brokem, 'I he' return of rack 43 by gravity to initial {pos'ik tionbrings contacts 52 53 together an stores the circuitof latch-magnet 36 into condition to be operated. The racks 65 of those counters which have been operated return to initial position when the brush 76 passes off of the contact 74;.

It will be seen that by the above described organization of parts, the sum of the numbers represented by the actuation-0t different numeral-keys in particular positions of the typewriter carriage are registered on the several counter-wheels 56. Should the starting position of any counter-wheel which is in motion from the impulses of a, transmitter be such that the number of impulses will carry it over zero position, the next counter will be given one impulse by the contact of pin 7l.w-ith brush ,70 of the carrying-over device. 7

- It is not intended to wholly limit the invention to those typewriters employing a bank of independent keys, as there are many forms of these instruments using a master key to which the invention is applicable, and the terms key and keyboard in the claims will cover such construction.

While the. form of mechanism herein shown and describedis admirably adapted to fulfil the objects primarily stated, it is to be'understood that it is not intendedto confine the invention to the one form of embodimeilt herein disclosed for it is susceptible of embodiment in various forms all coming within the scope of the claims which follow.

What is claimed lS- Y 1. In a calculating typewriter, thelcombination of a carriage, a series of type-bars, a series of numeral keys connected to said type-bars, a corresponding number of transmitters having provisions. for causing respectively different predetermined numbers of impulses corresponding to the numerals from 1 to9 inclusive, a plurality of counters, and means for connecting said transmitters to ditferent'ones of said counters according to the position of the carriage.

2. In a calculating typewriter, the combination of a carriage, a series of type-bars, a

series of keys connected to said type-bars, a series bf transmitters arranged for predetermined numbers of impulses from 1 to 9 inclusive each adapted to. be controlled by any one of said keys, a series of circuits haying counters, and a distributive switch-device controlled by movement of the carriage for connecting said transmitters successively with the diiterent counter-circuits.

3. In a calculating typewriter, the combination of a stationary series of itch-points or contacts and a stationary elongated contact, a movable carriage, two. brushesniounted on said carriage and ar ranged to operate with the respective contacts, a transmittercircuit connected with said brushes, a series of counter-circuits connected with said switch-points, and means for movin said carriage to effect a cooperation of said brushes and contacts to establish a continu-' ous circuit through saidtransmitter and ctrcuit and. one of said counter-circuits.

4. In a typewriter, the combination of a printing type, a key controlling the same, a calculator controlled by said key and whose operation succeeds that of the type, and autoinatio means for locking said type in printing position until the calculator has completed its operation.

5. In a typewriter, the. combination of a printing type, a key controlling the same,

.a calculator, electromagnetic means co r" trolled by said key for operating said calculator, means for locking said type in printing position, and electromagnetic means for automatically releasing said type when the calculator has completed its operation,

6. In a calculating typewriter, the combination of a typewriter key, automatic calculating mechanism adapted tobe set in motion" by the actuation of said key, and

means released by said calculating mechanism for locking said key in actuated position until said mechanism has accomplished its function.

7. In acalculating typewriter,'the combination of a typewriter key, a locking device therefor, an electro-magnet controlling said,

device, and calculating mechanism controlled by said key and controlling the circuits of the electro-magnet.

S. In a calculating typewriter, the combination of a series of types, a keyboard controlling the same, a transmitter including. a

vcontact-wheel, an electromagnet for rotating the same, and a second electromagnet for releasing said wheel and controlled by the keyboard, and calculating mechanism controlled by said transmitter.

9. In a calculating typewriter, the combi- .nation of a series of types, a keyboard controlling the same, a calculator, an electromagnetfor operating said calculator, an

escapementcontrolling such operation, and means independent of said electromagne't and controlled by the keyboard for actuating said esca'peinent.

10. In a calculating typewriter, the combination of atypewriterkey, and calculating mechanism controlled thereby and including a circuit having a counter, a contact-wheel controlling said circuit, a pinion and reciprocating gear for rotating said wheel, an electro-magnet for actuating said gear, and a' one-w'ay-acting clutch connecting said pinion and wheel to permit the return of said gear. 7

11. In a calculating typewriter, the combination of a typewriter numeral-key, a transmitter controlled thereby'and' includingv a contact-Wheel having contacts correspending in number to the numeral represented by the key, anelectro-magnetic motor for rotating the wheel, alatch for the wheel controlledby the nun'ieral-key. and a switch operated by the latch and controlling the circuit ofisaid motor, and counting mechanlsm controlled by said wheel.

":12; In a calculating typewriter,'the com b'inatibnof a"printing type, a key-controlling the-same, a contact-wheehan electromagnet having its armature connected to rotate saidfwheeh-a latch for the wheel, and alatch-operating second electromagnet controlled by said key and by the traverse of the armature of the first-said magnet.

li3 In{a calculating typewriter, the combination of a printing type, a' key controlling the sa'me, a carriage, a plurality of countingmechanisms corresponding to difterent positions in the writing line of the typewriter, a counter and its controlling electron-magnet included in one of said counting mechanisms, a carrying-over device included inanother counting mechanism and 1 controlling the circuit of said electro-magnet, and electrical switching means whereby movement of the carriage associates said key with the different counting mechanisms.

14.. In a calculating typewriter, the combination with a-typewriter key, of a locking device therefor, and calculatingmechanism controlled by said and controlling said locking device. Y

15 In a calculatingtypewriter, the combination with a movable carriage, a series otnumeral keys, a 881168 of transmitters each appropriated to one of said numeral keys, a calculating mechanism comprising a series of denominational elements, means automatically controlled by the movement of the carriage for establishing .a cotiperative relation between any one of said elements and said series of transmitters and locking devices for said keys controlled by the calculating mechanism. I

'bination with a movable carriage, a series ,of numeral keys'cont'roll ng the movementeeli g-exec 1 16. In a calculating typewriter, the comof said carriage, a series of transmitters, each appropriated toone of said numeral keys and capable of giving electricimpulses corresponding in number to the value of its appropriate key, a calculating mechanism comprising a series of denominational elements adapted to be actuated by electric impulses, and means automatically controlled by the carriage for successively establishing a cooperative relation between each of said. elements and said series of transmitters dur- -1ng .a predetermined period of movement of the carriage. v 1-7, In a machineof the class described,

the combination with a series of keys, of a series of transmitters, each appropriated and 'e 'i the keys, 2. set ofto g; id means controlled by talizer dame the keys for connecting each of the totalizer elements in succession to all of the transmitters.

1 8. In a machine of the class described,

the combination with a series of keys, ofa

series of transmitters each connected, to one of the keys and having contact devices graded according to the value of the con nected key, a set of totalizer elements, and means controlled by the keys connecting all of the transmitters to each totalizer element in succession.

19; In a machine of thewclass described, the combination with a series of keys, of a series of transmitters, each permanently connected to one of the keys and having contact devlces graded accordlng to the value of the keys, a series of totalizer elements and shiftableelectric connections with means controlled by the keys for positioning same all of the transmittersto each totalizer elementv in succession.

21. In ,a machine of the class describedthe combination with a movable carriage, 0 a series of numeral keys, a calculating mechanism comprising a series of denominational elements, differentially movable means for moving said elements differentially, electrically actuated transmit-ting mechanismfor operating and controlling the difit'erential movement of said diflerent-ially movable means, a normally open circuit for said electrically actuated transmitting mechanism,

and contacts for closing said circuit controlled by thecarriageahd the keys. I

Y 912. In a machine'of the class described, the combination with a calculatin mechanism comprising a series ofdiiferentiallymovable denominational elements,- difl'erentially movable means for operating said elements difterentially, electrically actuated transmitting mechanism for operating and controlling the differential movementof the difi'erentially movable means, a circuit for electrically actuated transmitting mechanism including aplurality of open contacts, a movable carriage for closing one of the contacts and thereby selecting the denominational element to be actuated, and a series of keys for closing the other contact and thereby controllin through the transmitting mehanism an the differentially movable means the diiferential movement of the, selected ele ment.

'23., n 1 machine of ale described-1 o and controlled by the keys for operating element.

the combination with a calculating mechathe combination with a calculating mechanism comprising a series of differentially movable denominational elements, a movable carriage, a plurality of contacts cooperating with the-carriage for selecting the elements "0 be actuated, diilerentially movable means for actuating said element differentially, Electrically actuated transmitting mecha-' ilism and connections including thecontacts and a normally open circuit for operating and controlling the difierential movement of said d ilerentially movable means and there-j by the selected element, and a series of keys for closing the circuit and ope ating the differentially movable means and the selected element through the electrically actuated transmi tting mechanism.

24:111. a machine of the class described, the combination with a calculating mechanism comprising a series of ditlerentially movable denominational elements, a movable carriage, contacts successively closed by the carriage forselecting elements to be actuated, difi'ercntially moifile means for actuating said elements differentially, transmitting mechanism for operating and controlling the 'diiiercntial movement of the differentially movable means, a series of keys, and circuits, including said contacts through.- the transmitting mechanism the actuating means and thereby the selected 25. In a machine of the class described,

nism comprising a series of differentially movable denominational elements, of a'movable carriage, contacts successively closed by the carriage for selecting the elements to be actuated, a transmitting meclmnism, means actuated thereby for operating the selected denominational element, a series of keys, and'circuits including the contacts, transmitting mechanism and operating means,

closed by the keys. g 26. In 'a' machine of the class described,

y the combination with a calculating mechai nism comprising a series of difierentially movable denominational elements, of a movable carriage, contacts successively closed by the carriage for selecting the elements to be actuated, an escapement mechanism for actuating the selected elements, a series of keys, and circuits including the contacts and escapement mechanism closedby the keys.

27. In a machine of the class described,

the combination with a' calculating mechanism comprising a series of differentially movable denominational elements, of a. movable carriage, contacts successively closed by the carriage for selecting the elements to be actuated, means for actuating'sa elements,

a series of 'keys for determining the extent of movement to be impartedito the elements by the actuating means, circuits, including 1 movable denominational elements, a movablecarriage, contacts successively closed by the carriage for selecting the elements to be actuated,- an escapement mechanism for'actuating said elements, a series of keys for determining the extent of movement to be imparted to the elements by the es'capement mechanism, circuits, including said contacts and closed by the keys, for operating the escapement means, and means for holding the circuits closed until the elected element hasbecn operated by the extent determined by he oi 'ma ted keys.

In tes monywhereof We have aliixed our signatures, in presence of two Witnesses.

HENRY SUGDEN.

CHARLES F. PIDGIN.

Witnesses: I lJiLLIAir- G. GRUNDY,

.hL'BA'rH.

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