US1043769A - Internal-combustion engine. - Google Patents

Description

B. A. HORNBOSTBL.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED 0GT.16,1911.

' 1,043,769 Patented Nov. 5,1912.-

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

D/Jness es I fwenfor f v UNITED's'rnri js rATEnT OFFICE EDWARD A. HORNBOSTEL, E DES MOINES,

Iotvn, ASSIGNOR T0 s. r. of ens ENGINE COMPANY, 01? DES moINEs, Iowa, A PARTNERSHIP.

Specification of Letters Patent.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Patented Nov. 5, 191 2.

Application filed uctober 16, 1911. .Strial No. 654,822.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD A. HORN- BOSTEL, a citize of the United States, residing at Des'Mo nes, Polk county, Iowa, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines, of

which the following is a specificatlon.

The objectof my invention is to provide an internal combustion. engine of simple, durable and inexpensive construction in which thesound of the exhausting gases resulting from the explosions is mu ed, and

v in which the efliciency of the engine and tion to its ordinary function.

mufiler is materially increasedas compared with the ordinary engines and mufllers now in use. I

' A further object is to provide an engine and mufiier of this character in'which the water jacket surrounding the cylinder is made to serve as part of the mufiler in-addi- A further object is to provide a hollow piston. for an engine of this class and also to so construct the engine that .the piston and the surrounding water jacket jointly form a mufller of great efliciency and of very -simpleand inexpensive construction. More specifically in th s connectioniti's my object to providea mufil'er' which will aid in the efiiciency and operation of the. engine by cooling and condensing the exploded gases to thereby minimize their tendency to create a-back pressure upon the piston as they are being forced from the cylinder.

A further object is to provide an engine of this class in which the gases discharged from the cylinder are directed to impact upon the side of the piston opposite from the side within the cylinder so that such impact will tend to give an upward thrust to the piston and thus increase the general efficiency of the engine.

My invention consists in the construction,"

. arrangement and-combination of the various tarts of the engine whereby the objects contemplated are obtained as hereinafter more fully'set forth, pointed out in the claims ings, in vhichz. g

and illustrated in the accompanying draw- Figure 1 shows a side elevation'iof a complete engine embodying'my invention Fig. 2 shows a horizontal sectionaljviewzon ,the" line 2-2 of.Fig. t; Fig. 3 shows aiside elevation of the 'piston illustrating-the: side;

thereof through which the gases en r; F s-Q I have used the reference numeral 10 to -indicate the engine crankcase, having therein an engine shaft 11 provided with a pitman 12. On the engine shaft isagear wheelie i'n mesh with a gear wheel 1 1K011- the cam shaft 15. The cam shaft is provided with cams 16 of the ordinary construction one of which is illustrated in Fig. Land they are arranged to operate the valve stems 17 having the valves 18 thereon one of which-is illustrated in Fig. 4. Above the crank case is the engine cylinder 19 having a valve chamber 20 at its upperend. Said cylinder is provided with a water jacket 21 All of the parts just described are "of the ordinary construction and operate in the ordinary manner.

In order to increase the efficiency of the engine and its economy of fuel consumption,

I have provided a piston comprising a hollow body portion 21*. This piston is provided ononeside with a vertical slot 22 and on the opposite side with a second vertical slot 23. 'Within the interior of the piston is a partition 24 tapered upwardly from both sides to a"point near the to ofithe piston, said partsbeing so arrange that when the exploded gases are forcedinto thepiston through'the inlet opening'22 they will be deflected upwardly by. said partition and .strike forcibly upon the top of the piston and will then pass over the partition and be discharged outwardly through the slot or discharge opening at the opposite side of the piston. This slot 23 in the-discharge side of.

" the piston extends only a short distance upwardly from the lower end of the pistonand above the slot is a passageway 25 for discharged gases. Hencc all ofathe discharged gases must-pass downwardly over the partition 24 before they can escape through the slot 23 and the passageway 25. py-Referrinlg'to- Fig. 5 ofthe drawings, it

will-be noted that int-he valve chamber 20 is the partition 26 separating the inlet chamber from the exhaust chamber.

In order to conduct the exploded gases into the piston with the least possible amount of friction I have provided an inlet passageway 27 which extends downwardly and around the cylinder, through the water jacket to a point near the bottom of the cylinder on the side opposite from the exhaust port. At the end of the passageway 27 is an inlet port 28 in the wall of the engine cylinder. This port is, as will be seen in Fig. 4, inclined upwardly so that the gases are dis- "charged in an upward direction. Ino rder that the mutlier maywhen desired, be cut out, I have provided a slide plate. 29 at the end of the passageway 27, which, when opened, will uncover a discharge port in the side of the passageway 27. To provide for the-discharge of the exploded gases from the. interior of the piston I have provided a dis-.

charge opening 30 in the side of the cylinderoppositefrom the inlet opening 28. .This

discharge opening is so arranged with reference to thepassageway 25 that the gases may be discharged through the said passageway and opening during any position of the piston stroke.

In practical operation andassuming that an explosion'has just taken place andthe cylinder is filled with the exploded gases,

en as the :piston starts upwardly or when the exhaust valve is opened by the cam, said exploded gases will then escape through the passageway 27 and theopening 28 into the interior of the piston. These gases will be deflected by the partition 24 and also by the upwardly inclined opening 28 so that they -'will forcibly strike upon the under surface of the piston-during its upward movement andwhatever force there 15 to the impact of s'aid gas'es will be expended'in creating an "upward pressure upon the piston during its .up stroke. The exploded gases will then move through the piston-to the other side of the partitioniand may freely pass out through thepassageway 25 and the open-.

One ofthe advantageous. features of my in uenti'on is thatthe water jacket will tend to keep ,the walls ofthemuflier relatively rapidly cooled during their passagewaycool and the heated exploded gases will be through the mufller-sothat they will quickly condense, sothat before being discharged throughfthe opening 30 they will have materially decreased'in v'olume-andthey will also have lost considerable of their velocity.

-' Another advantageous feature is that the walls of themufiier bein surrounded by a .water jacket will provi e a very efficient barrier to the sound waves and hence the noise of the explosion will be greatly decreased. v I am well aware that the passing of the -.fere with the proper lubrication. I have further demonstrated by (experiment that the amount of heat applie to the piston and cylinder in an "engine oftbe kind shown in the drawings is advantageous rather than otherwise and results in an economy of fuel.

It is well known that when the gases are introduced in cold condition into a comparatively cool cylinder the mixture of air and gas is not as perfect as when the gas is discharged into aheated cylinder. This is well understood by those skilled in the art and is demonstrated by the fact that an' engine ofthis type runs better and. more elficiently after the cylinder has been heated which occurs in the'ordinary type of engine after a considerable period of use. With myimprovement the passing of. the heated exploded gases through the piston; and the lower part of the cylinder quickly wariiis the piston and the cylinder to the desired degree without injuriously' overheating them,

and hence the cold-gases introduced in the cylinder are rapidly and quickly heated and are thoroughly commingled before they are exploded, and I'have demonstrated that when the gases, are discharged directly to the outside atmosphere by opening the slide 29 the fuel consumption of the engine is increased es compared with the operation of the engine when the gases are passing throu h the piston and the lower end of the cylin er. Assuming that a mufiler is a necessary adjunct to an engine, my improvement results in the production of an engine an mutller having an lnoreased eflicien'cy far as power is concerned over an engine and matfler of'the ordinary type, and my iinpr e ment further results in an increased ellicicnrj: of fuel consumption. As far as the mnilier feature itself is concerned, I have provided a mufiier ofgreat efiiciency in that sound waves are almost wholly absdrhed within the piston and the water jacket. I

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is: V

1. In an engine of the class described, the

I combination of a cylinder having an exhaust port, a hollow piston, said piston being provided with an inletopening and with an outlet opening, means for conducting the me ploded gases from the exhaust port to the interior of the piston, and means for permitting the escape of the exploded gases from the piston.

2. In an engine'of the class described, the combination of a cylinder having an exhaust port, a hollow piston, said' piston being pro vided with an inlet-opening and with an outlet opening, means for conducting the exploded gases from the exhaust port to the interior of the piston,'and means for permitting the escape of the exploded gases from the piston, said means being so arranged as to permlt the discharge of said gases from the piston during all positions of the piston movement.

3. In an engine of the class described, the

combination of a cylinder having an exhaust port, a hollow piston having an' inlet opening on one side and a discharge opening on the other, said engine cylinder being provided with an opening extended upwardly to direct exploded'gases to strike against the side'of the piston head opposite from the side within the cylinder, means for conducting the exploded gases into said opening, the said cylinder being also provlded with an opening on its opposite side through which the exploded gases may escape from the piston.

1. In an' engine of the class described, the combination of a cylinder having an exhaust port, a hollow piston having an inlet opening on one side and a discharge opening on the other, said engine cylinder being provided with an opening extended upwardly to direct exploded gases'to enter the piston ,and to strike against the side of the piston head opposite from the side within the cylinder, means for conducting the exploded gases combination of an engine cylinder having an exhaust port at one side, said cylinder being formed with a passageway leading from said exhaust port around the cylinder 'and' toward the end of the cylinder opposite fromthe exhaust port, said cylinder being provided with an opening atthe end of said passageway, a hollow piston having an inlet opening at one side in communication with the said opening 1n the side of the cylinder and also having an exhaust opening on theother side, said cylinder being also formed with an opening for discharged gases ,com-

municating with the latter opening inthe piston.

, 6. An engine of the class described comprising a cylinder having an exhaust port, a water jacket surrounding the cylinder, a

hollow piston having openings ln'opposite sides thereof, means for conducting exploded gases into the vpiston at one side, and said cylinder and water jacket being provided with an exhaust opening on the other side in communication with the hollow piston. Des Moines, Iowa, October 12, 1911.

EDWARD A. .HORNBOSTEL. Witnesses:

PAUL M. PAYNE, W. P. BAIR'.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for fiv'e cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D- O.

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