US104221A - smith - Google Patents

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet 1,

J. Y. SMITH.

MAGNETIG MACHINE FOE CLEANING AND SBPARATING ORES OF IRON. No. 104,221 Patented- June '14, 1870*.

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M J. Y; SMITH. MAGNETIC MACHINE FOR GLEANING ADID SEPARATING 035% OF IRON. No. 104,221. Patented June 14, 1870.

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JOHN Y. SMITH, or ,PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

Letters Patent No. 104,221, dated June 1-1, 1870; antcllatd June 3, 1870.

IMPROVED MAGNETIO-MACBIHBEOR .QLEANIHG: AND. BEPA RATING- ORBS OF IRON.

The Schedule referred to in hese Let'tarafatezt and making ofthe same.

To all whom. it may concern Be it known that I, Jonu Y; $1IITH, of Pittsbur in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsyi vania, have invented an Improved Magnetic-Machine for Separating Pulverized or Granulated Magnetic Iron or Ores of Iron from other materials with which they are mingled; and I. do herebydeclare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being hadto the annexed drawing making part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a. side elevation. Figm'e 2'is a side elevation,showing the opposite side of the machine.

Figure 3 is a transverse section of the cylinders. Figure 4 is a cross-section through the axis of the magnetic cylinder.

Figure 5 is a. side elevation, showing one mode of arranging the magnets. Figure 6 is a plan view of the box in which the debris is received. 4

1"ignre 7 is an elevation ottwo machines, arranged to work over the residuum discharged after the first operation. l

Figure 8 is a section cntly arranged. Figure 9 is a section of the same, through the length of a magnet cylinder differof the axis.

Figure 10 is a perspective view of a bent'maguet.

Figure 11 is a side elevation, showing another arrangement of magnets.

The same letters are employed in all the figures to designate identical parts. 7

My invention relates to an improved machine for separating particles of iron or iron ore, pulverized and magnetic, from other substances, by means of magncts, which attract the particles while other substances, mineral or metallic, are separated, not being subject to magnetic attraction; and

My improvements consist in combining, with a series of magnets, an endless apron, upon which. the ores are carried across the magnets, and, while the magnetic particles are subject to magnetic attraction which holds them iii place upon the apron, applying streams of water. or jets ofair or steam to sweep away all non-magnetic particles with which they are combined; and also in peculiarities in the construction, combination, and arrangement of parts of the machine to be hereinafter specifically-indicated in the following specification and claims.

This machine may be used for separating the magnetic particle's-from magnetic sand-ores, or from other ores that contain magnetic iron, either natural, or which have been converted vinto magnetic iron by processes familiar to iron manufacturers, or in separating iron filings from impurities, orfor separating of magnetized iron,

the force of thethe magnetic ores of iron from the black gold-bearing sandcommon in goldunines.

The following description will enable persons skilled in the art to construct and operate my improved machine. In the annexed drawing A is the frame of the machine, arranged to support the operating parts;

B is a c linder, turning in bearings uponthe frame; and i v O is the magnet cylinder, also revolving in hearings on the frame. In this cylinder :1. series of magnets 'are arranged, in a manner to be hereinafter fully described.

This cylinder Iprcfer to construct in three parts, viz: the two disks 0' G, on which the endless apron D, which passes around the cylinder B, and around these disks is carried, and a. central disk, ()5, in or to which the magnets are attached, so as project nearlyto the under surface of the endless pron D, which, by;t-he revolution of the drum B antidisk G, is carried in close proximity to the surih-ces oi the magnets. The cylinders and endless apron may he revolved byany convenient power.

A crossed belt around'the pulleys 1 1E, on the magnet cylinders C'O, when the machines are arranged as shown in figs. 1 and 2, will communicate the power from one" machine to the other, so as 'to cause the endless aprons to revolve toward one another above the cylinders. v

I also propose'to drive the same direction as the disk 0', tanned or increased motion. plished by making the shafts of the disks 0 G tubular, and carrying the shaft of the disk B through them, and making the slight dilicrence, in the pulleys but by a slightly-re or gearing driving each necessary to create the requisite retarded motion in the revolution of one of the cylinders. This difference in speed is valuable for givjng greater agitation to the magnetic particles as they pass over the successive magnets placed in series in the disk 0.

A pulley, E, on the overhung shaft. of the wheel 0, in fig. 1, carries a belt for driving a fan, F, which drives a .blast of air through the pipe G, and discharges it through a series of holes in the lower surface of the cross-pipe G, which isso placed as to drive the blast againstthe surfaces of the endless aprons, so that, while the magnets, the-force ot' the blast will carry down the foreign non-magnetic particles mingled with the iron. Instead of an air-blast, jets of-steam or streams of water'may be employedi'or the same purpose. The shaft of the magnet-cylinder may he made hollow,

magnet-disk C in tho This may be accom-'-- particles of magnetic iron are held to the prons by the strong attraction of the and a stream of water maybeforced outward between the magnets radially, and through the porous apron, to wash away the non-magnetic particles.

.A spring, H, may be attached to the frame, extending npso as-to bear against a series of pins placed on the outer surface of the disks 0, which alternately draw it up and release .it, thus causing a cross-arm,

ll, to strike against the lower part of the belt, and

thus whip off particles of iron or ore which may adhere to the fibers of the woven fabric of which the endless apron will beconstrnctcd.

I I are hoppers, arranged to discharge the pulvernlent material upon the aprons. They may be placed at such point along the upper surface as may be preferred.

Valves, operated by rods 1', may be used to regulate the discharge of the ore upon the apron.

Where water is used, it maybe introduced with the ore into the hopper, through the trough K, and, washing down over the surface of the endless apron, it will carry away the foreign non-magnetic matters, while the magnetic particles are retained by the force of the magnets, and held until the apron, in its revolution, has can-led them beyond the magnet-oylimler, where, there being no longer any attraction to hold them, they will fall, by their own gravity, into the hopper L intended to receive them.

The foreign matters not adhering to the apron will fall dircctly'fi'om the horizontal radius of the wheel vertically, and be received into the hopper )I. v

As in gold-bearing regions magnetic-iron ore is found in combination with particles of gold, when the separation occurs, the gold will be carried 'away with the other non-magneticsubstances, metallic and mineral, and must; then be saved by washing, amalgamating, or by other known process or processes.

I have shown at M a series of ritlies, placed in atrough, such as is commonly used for washing goldhearing sands. Any cleaning apparatus adapted for the purpose may be used for separating the gold from the non-magnetic particles with which it is mingled.

The magnet-disltis formed by permanent horseshoe magnets, or by elcctro-mngncts, radially arranged, with their points projecting, asshown in ti 3,'or they may be bent, as shown in tig. 10, at the points, and then placed in the cylinder, as shown in figs. S and 9, so that the points shallcome in contact, whereby one set of magnets will operate its keepers for another, the whole being connected by rods, which holdthem in closecoutiguity with one another; or a series of magnets, bent as shown in fi 11, and laid one upon the other, so that the sides shall project i i one continuous plane, forming the entire width of the magnetized surface over which the apron extends.

Instead of having the magnctalisk C revolve, it. may be stationary, and, instead of being round, it maybe flat upon the top, so that the work of separation may be commenced before "the apron begins to carry the ore downward, or it may be extended undcrneath.

.Tbemachincs may be used singly or in pairs, arranged as shown in figs. .1 and 2, the effect of which willbe that the ore subjected to the alternating action of the magnets ot' the dilierent machines will be more disturbed, so as to open it more fully to the action of the blast of air, or stream or currentof water; or one machine may be slightly raised, so that the horizontal diameter of the wheel of one shall be a' little above that of the other; or one machine may be elevated above the other, as shown in ii". 7, so that the residuum discharged after one operation shall be subjected to another machine for the removal of any particles of iron that may have passed away from the tirst machine without being held by its magnets' i do not claim the use of magnets in a machine for taking up magnetic-ores or particles of iron, for such machines are in use. N or do I claim, broadly, the combination of such magnets with a revolving apron for such apron has been used in other machines, in combination with stationary magnets.

But my invention is. dis -'nguishcd from all other machines in' the following respects:

ThatI use an apron, of fibrous material, on which the orcs will. not slip when beginning to approach, or recede from the magnet, nor yield readily to the force of the blast or current, in combination with a series of magnets moring in the same direction with the apr0n,.but at a different speed.

I have described the movemcntof the magnets as being slower than that of the apron; but it is obvious that the same. result will be effected by having the magnets move faster than the apron, and I there fore claim for either.

In other machines the magnet is placed above the apron, and lifts the ore from the revolving apron, discharging the magnetic particles either by cutting off the current from electro-magnets, or by interposing bet-ween the magnet and the'particles a woven fabric, which is at intervals separated from the magnet, so as to drop the magnetic particles adhering to such fabric.

My invention differs from these in this, that I use the magnets to retain the magnetic particles on a revolving apron, interposed between the orc, t\:c., and the magnet, until the magnetic particles are dropped, when carried beyond the influence .of the magnets, and also that,- while the magnetic particles are held upon the apron, I bring to bear upon the mass jetsor currents of air steam, or water, by which the nonmagnetic particles are swept away, the magnetic particles adhering to the revolving apron, and being discharged at a point beyond that at which the nonmagnetic particles are delivered; and, also, that,instead of the ordinary horseshoe magnets, I usev such lllt'tgllGtS,lJ23llt near their points, to prescnt thelr sides or cdgcs'lbr action upon the magnetic particles, by

which mcansI am'cnabled vto reduce the number of magnets by presenting broader surfaces, and can rechurgc them without removing the magnets; and also that I combinetwo machines, to operate either simultuneously or successively; and also that I combine with the magnetic machine, when operating upon ores of iron, combined with particles of gold, an apparatus for separating the gold from the other noirnmgnctic particles discharged by the machine.

H aving-full y described the construction aud'operation of my improved machine for separating particles of magnetic iron or ores of iron from other non-magnetic particles, an'd'pointed out wherein it is distinguished from other machincs',

\Vhat I claim as my invention, and desire to socore by Lctters'Patent, isy 1. 'lhe revolving apron and magnet-cylinder, in combination, but only when so actuated as to revolve in the s: me direction, at different speeds,'snbstantially as set forth.- f Y 2. The combination and arrangement of the magnets and revolving apron, substantially in'the manner set forth, so that the revolvinghpron shall be interposed between the magnetsand the pulverized material subjected to the action of the magnets.

3. The magnets and revolving apron, yyhcn combined and arranged to discharge first thjnou-magnetic particles in the pulvernleutsubstance treated, and to retain the magnetic particles against the apron until t-hey'have been carried below and beyond the magnets, when they will be delivered separately. shbstant-ially in the manner set forth.

4. The combination of the magnets and apron with jets or streams of air, steam, or water, for sweeping away'the non-magnetic. particles mingled with the magnetic particles. while the latter are, held against the apron vby the attraction of the magnets, substantia-lly as set forth.

5. The combination of the apron with magnets, bent or arranged so as to oppose their sides or edges to act upon the magnetic particles, substantially as set forth.

6. The arrangement of two magnetic machines to operate upon the materials passing between them, snbstantially as shown in figs- 1 and 2 7. The arrangement of two or more magnetic machines above one another, to act successively upon the materials submitted to their action, substantially as shown and set forth.

8. The combination of a magnetic machine for taking up the particles of'magnetic iron, and an apparams for separating particles of gold mingled with the non-magnetic substances discharged with the residuum, substantially as set forth.

witnesses.

JOHN Y. SMITH.

Witnesses:

B. Enw. J. Ems, R Mason.

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