US1042104A - Thermostat. - Google Patents

Description

Wm CG?? T i E 2a m 2 Je L S .vu 4 n MMA mi RE. GOLD. T'HERMQSTAT. APPLICATION HLE'D 00122, woe.

E. E. GOLD,

THERMOSTAT.

'APPLIOATIONFILED 001222, 1909.

'Patented 00h22,?1912.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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fig. 4.

- lfNvENTOR www M E. GOLD.

TEERMOSTAT.V

APPLIOATION HLBD 00122, 19091 @muted/,06h22, 1912.

'4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

iNx/ENTOR WTNESSES:

- E. E. GOLD.

THERMOSTAT. v APPLICATION FILED 003,22, 1909. 1,042,104, Patented 0st. 22, i912,

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

J INVENTQR 0 f WTTNESSES: @Si

ion filed Novembe 1' To Iwhom Li may co'ncfzmf Be 1t known ihm EDWARD citizen of he Unite@ States, residi hnl'hm, olijf? co1;

L *f e temvieiaih of condenan by he atmospheree 9,11; in the aoefs 11 .pheatoh and othe npplcaons l To claimed the Valves of Jthe Sysems disooeed,

. But the present application is in huge part chseha g Gally controlled ,hy

ma 'on v therm eiwit is of especial uilty lemuy om heating genergy and @Spec-ahy n 'the systems above referred io and is aso of gen T ,ze accompanying mw-'ings lhlstmte embodments and particular appoatons he invention tively Views showing the appeaon of the cherrnostwbto othe sysenm 'for the. hee-*Ling soe., in my previous appeaton aoo Aof cars. Fig. 6 is a longudna :seotozyof ered *.o these dsdvnh-oges :me emi the discharge end o'he system of 5. oy 'dividing the hermosac vave oon- 40 Fig. 7 is 2L perspective 'V13' showin# the aprohng mechanism into two o phozmton of the lvenlon to s mower which ce?? am expanshe- Ye Sty Of hellg 'ppm'ai'i Fig, q if; *bhe the other of hioh oom: glldlwl SSCOB o: 'he disoharf e imos'lat ooafce at point in same7 Fig. 9 is n @Voss seeion o .h oA i'he hea; Jg ,mefum and where' 45 Referring to the femhofhments o the im s Xposefr to the -ouisde amosphee. y

fnhon. llustrate an@ me to mii aims of ih-e' ,resent npphomon are wo 3., the usual train e @MT5/ing a preslimited to ma advantageous :form of such a sure of steam reduce fyi? h that in the .thermostat The vave, in so'faf as this in; com'otve boiler and m35/hg 'om f to med may he my valve oon- 50 pounds genelaly, exens-he ehgxh n and e expmsihe oar and is prove with suitohe bien Sho-'m1 ai; C15-Gov fb MU "B leading to 'the ra'ciatng sysems o f- ;egglga' sides of "the om. The r fe represente@ at C and the, df,

spring .l by which it is opened; the eXpansible vessel communicating by means of a pipe -K with the thermostat at the end of the vertical pipe L through which the valve discharges.

ln the construction shown in Fig. l the thermostat consists of a cylindrical coil M of copper or brass tubing,v the lower end otv end ot' the discharge pipe L and provided with openings O through which the steam can reach the surrounding coil M; the coil being fastened in place by means of cupshaped washers l and nuts Q. screwed upon opposite ends of the tubular support N. The nuts Q may be adjusted so as to hold the convolutions. of the coil in contact with each other and prevent the passage ot' steam or of air between them, or these nuts may set the coil with greater or smaller passages between the convolutions. Thev cold air is blowingv on the coily at all times that the train is running7 and the effect of separating the convolutions would be to expose the coil more extensively to the cooling action ot' the air and to render the system more sensitive to the coldness ofthe outer air.

The use of a coil of pipe as the vessel for' carrying' the thermostatic fluid and expos ing it Ato the heat and cold has great ad-l vantages, especially in that it expands and contracts freely and can be made free from joints except the single oint which connects it with the expansible vessel adjacent to the valve. in that it exposes a large surface to the steam at one side and to the air at the other side, and in that it can be readilyand cheaply applied to traps or heating systems already in use. To permit the escape of air trom the coil while lling it a small orifice is left near the lower end which when the necessary quantity of the thermostatc liquid is introduced is closed by a screw or other plug R (Fig. 8) vwhich is suiiiciently'tight to permit the coil to be soldered, so as to close the opening hermetically.

lt has always been a diiiicult matter to 'provide for the proper ventilation or eX- posure to the atmosphere of the vessel carrying the thermostatic liquid. In practically all the traps employed in car heating this vessel has been inclosed to a greater or less extent, and efforts have been made to secure as full-an exposure to the atmosphere as possible. With the present system and especially with the coiled pipe serving as the vessel for carrying the thermostatic liquid, there is a perfect exposure to the atmosphere. This is of importance in determining the sensitiveness of the system.

For theoretical perfection the system should operate so sensitively as to maintain asl nearly as possible the same temperature at the discharge `end of the radiator as at its admission end, thus getting the greatest elliciency out of the piping whose radiating surface is designed for a standard temperature. lVith a thermostat of the kind shown in Fig. l I have succeeded in securing, without appreciable waste of steam a'nd working at atmospheric pressure,'a temperature at the discharge end of the radiator hpproximately 12 per cent. greater (above Zero Fahrenheit) than can be secured under the same conditions with the best traps of the type in which the thermostat is inclosed.

.Various modifications of the speciiic construction shown in Fig. l may be used, some ot which are referred to hereinafter. For example some ot the advantages of using a coiled pipe may be obtained by the construction.y shown in Fig. Q in which such a coiled pipe is shown at MQ, supported frictionally or otherwise in thevertical discharge pipe S, the connecting tube K which leads there from being passed through a slot l which may be covered by a plate U. Fig. 3 shows a manner of applying the thermostat to an interchangeable high and low pressure system. The dischargel through the thermostat M is controlled by a hand blow-oit valve V. When this is closed the discharge is through an ordinary trapl/V. When the blow-oitI valve is opened, however, the discharge through the thermo-stat M causes the latter to control the admission valve X in order to keep the latter open sutliciently to supply steam only as rapidly as it is condensed in the radiator.

Fig. It showsthe application of the thermostat to a system of the. so-called vapor type in which the discharge is continuously 'open through the thermostat, and the consumption of steam is limited by reason of the control of the thermostat over the ady mission valve X.

Figs. 5 and 6 show a syst-em operating -similarly to thatof Fig. 3, the trap which secures the high pressure 'operation being inclosed mainly within. the blowot pipe which is used in the automatic control of the admission valve X. The trap 'valve (Fig. 6) is shown at Y, and the blow-oli valve at Z. The former discharges through an inner pipe a and the latter through a surrounding. pipe b5 the lower end of which is coupled to a tubular support N similar to that described in connection with Fig. l, and which carries the coil M communicating by the tube K with 'the fluid. pressure expansible vessel G controlling the admission valve. The trap valve is automatically controlled through the rod c resting at its lower end on a thermostat Z of the ordinary type containing the thermostatic liquid which is Vaporized by the passing steam and eX- panded to close the valve and which is alternately cooled by its motion through the atmosphere when the valve is closed, so as to condense the vapor and again contract the vessel and open the valve.

Figs. 7, 8 and 9 show a similar application of the invention to an interchangeable system. ln this case the trap valve instead of being automatically controlled by a thermostat is 'a simple drip valve which when open maintains an oritlce so small as to. per-A mit the escape of only the water of condensation, while holding back substantially all the steam so as to maintain the pressure. The drip valve is indicated at c resting on a seat surrounding an opening in the blowoit valve The screwing upward ot the valve stem lg for a short distance opens the dripport so that the system will operate as a pressure system. The further screwing up of the stem g raises the blow-oil Valve f from which the steam escapes by way of the outside pipe AL and through thc tubular support N coupled to its lower end and carrying the coil M. rl`he drip is through a tubular extension of the blow-oil valve which slides through a ring cast within the casing Z and to which is attached the inner discharge pipe m extending downwardly to approximately the same length as the outer pipe h so as to keepthe discharge of steam and water of condensation clear of the thermostat.

The tubular support N in this case is provided with a lower llange n upon its lower end, the whole being vconveniently made of a casting of malleable iron so that only'a single movable washer P and nut Q are needed, these being at the upper end.

l/Vhat l claim is l. A thermostat for controlling a heating system comprising a cylindrical coil M of pipe carrying a thermostatic iluid, and a supporting means for said coil passing therethrough and permitting contact therewith of the heating medium ,passing through the inner side of the coil.

2. A thermostat for controlling a heating system comprising a coil M ot pipe carrying a thermostatic fluid, a tubular support about which said coil passes and having openings for permitting steam passing through said tubular support to come into contact with said coil, washers carried by said tubular support engaging and holding the ends oi' said coil and motion-transmitting means operated by 'the expansion of said fluid.

3. A thermostat for controlling a heating system comprising a cylindrical. coil M of pipe carrying a thermostatic fluid, and a support within said coil permitting Contact therewith ol' the heating medium passing through the inner side of the coil, means for adjusting the spaces between the convolutions of said coil. and motion-transinittmg 'means operated by the expansion of said fluid.

`,In witness whereof, l have hereunto signed my name in the presence or` two sub scribing witnesses.

EDWARD E. GOLD. Nitnessesz D. ,ANTHONY UsiNa., i THOMAS F. WALLACE.

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