US1040641A - Vacuum-creating apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

M. F. COYLE.

VACUUM CREATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED 1111111.15, 1911.

Patented Oct. 8, 1912.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

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VACUUM CREATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED 1111111.15, 1911.

Patented Oct. 8, 191.2.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES `PATENT OFFICE.

MARK F. COYLE, 0F CORRY, PENNSYLVANIA.

VACUUM-CREATING APPARATUS.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MARK F. CoYLE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Corry, in the county of Erie and Statel of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Vacuum-Creating'Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to vacuum creating apparatus and particularly to a vacuum creating apparatus for vacuum cleaners.

lVhile relatively large and expensive vacuum cleaning machines are entirely ef fective for the purpose of their design, the sin-al1 hand-operated machines and those operated by electric power are not commercially practical, for the reason that the handoperated machines require too much labor to operate them and lack efficiency,- While the electrically operated cleaners have a large number of complicated parts, these parts requil-ing constant attention and oiling. The machines are hence liable to get out of order and to require relatively expensive repairs. Small vacuum cleaners have also been provided with jet operated vacuum creating devices, but all such devices known to me lack eliiciency, in that they use a solid jet of water and thus do not secure a maximum exhausting action with low water pressures.

The object of my invention is the provision of a vacuum creating device which is very light and entirely elicient and combines a powerful continuous suction together with a rapid displacement of the air, this suction positively drawing up all dust, grit or other objects to which device is applied and depositing this dirti not so that it may contaminate the air of the room, but in the water which passes off to the sewer.

A further object is to provide a vacuum creating device of an exceedingly simple and elicientdesign and operated by water power, which cleaner shall be from eight to sixteen times more powerful than theordinary hand machines and have double the strength of electrical machines.

A further object is to construct a vacuum creating device operated by water `power and adapted to be used with a vacuum cleaner where the expenditure of Water shall be reduced to a minimum and the vacuum creating efficiency very greatly increased over the like efficiency of ordinary water jet vacuum creators.

A further object is to provide a vacuum Specification of Letters Patent.

Application led March 15, 1911.

Patented Oct. 8, 1912.

serial No. 614,725.

creating device having no moving parts,

evenly drawn from an area surrounding the jet and larger than the intake of the suction or discharge tube, and providing means whereby a plurality of streams may `be forced into the discharge nozzle, and also roviding means for causing the water to spread or spray upon leaving the outlet, and this with a minimum amount| of friction and loss of velocity.

A further object is to provide means whereby this spray is given a rotary motion, thus giving a fast and strong supply of water at the outer surface of the stream which is necessary to secure the greatest ciiiciency.

A further object of the invention is to provide the cleaner handle with "an observation glass having therein a screening device whereby the quantity of dust and dirt being removed may be noted, and whereby larger. particles which would cause an obstruction of the tubular connection may be caught.

Other objects will appear in the course of the following description.

An embodiment of my invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein Figure l is a partly sectional View showing my creating device applied to a faucet. Fig. Q is an enlarged vertical sectional View of the vacuum creating nozzle. Fig. 3 is a 95 face view of the perforated disk disposed in the nozzle. Fig. l is a side elevation of the disk. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the disk. Fig. (i is a diametrical section of the disk. Fig. 7 is a sectional view of a modi 100 fied form of my apparatus.

Corresponding and like parts are referred to in the following description and indicated in all the views of the accompanying drawings by the same reference characters.

I will first describe the means for creating a vacuum, as this is the most important part of my apparatus-- Referring to Fig. 1, 2 designates a faucet connected to a supply pipe and disposed above a sink 3. This 1s the faucet and sink ordinarily found in houses. ft designates a suction tube and 5 an air inlet chamber which is connected to the upper end of the suction tube. Preferably, the chamber 5 Vis screw threaded at its lower end to engage with the screw threaded end of the suction tube et. This suction tube is downwardly and outwardly expanded, and preferably it is downwardly and outwardly expanded to a point about midway of its length and is then contracted at G and again downwardly and outwardly expanded. The reason for this will be hereafter explained. The chamber 5 is providedon one side with the outwardly project` ing nipple 7 which is larger in diameter than the diameter of the up er end of the suction tube 4. This nipple p is lfor engagement with a hose 8 which is attached to a cleaner tube as will be hereafter described. The upper end of the chamber 5 is internally screw threaded as at 9 for engagement with the screwl threaded terminal end of the faucet 2 and is provided with a septum or diaphragm 10, this diaphragm having a project-ing nozzle 11 at its center and being provided with a conical passage 12 in its center, this conical passage discharging through the opening or nozzle 11. The outer face ofthe septum 10 is annularly recessed as at 13 surrounding the conical passage' 12 passing` through the nozzle 11. Seated in'this annular seat 13 is a disk 14 having therein a plurality of discharge openings 15. The ,walls of these openings, or in other words, the axis of each opening is inclined to the faces of the disk 14 in a direction parallel to the circumference of the disk, as indifeated in the perspective view Fig. 5. lt will be seen that these openings are all out of line with the central portion of the nozzle passage 12 and that they are so inclined as to direct the stream vof water passing through the perforation of the disk in a tangential direction around the inclined wall of the passage 12 so as to communicate a swirling movement to the jet and causing the jet to break and spray as it passes from the nozzle 11. ln order to adjust the opening in the nozzle to secure economy with high pressure and etliciency with low pressure, l provide the needle valve 16 which screws through the center of the disk 14. By ad? justing this needle valve farther. into or out of the conical passage 12, the volume of water passing through the passa e may be delicately regulated so that the evice will work ethciently under varying conditions.

With the apparatus above described, vthe water is discharged from the nozzle in the' form ofa conical solid spray. This spray is discharged into the suction tube with a minimum loss of energy and the spray acts with great efficiency for transforming the water pressure into air suction. Further by` making the perforations in the disk atta slight angle and in one direction, the water headset is given a rotary motion, the centrifugal force with which it is discharged causing the water to further expand and spray. The suction tube is made upwardly tapered in order to give a large area as it extends away from the jet. A slight contractionI and a further tapering of the tube beyond the contraction causes the water to more perfectly mix with the air and. equalizes the velocity, by reason of the fact that the slight friction of the water with the walls of the tube causes the velocity of the fluid passing through the tube to be less at the outersurface than in the center.

With my improved form of jet and suction tube, theair is evenly drawn from an area surroundin the jet, this area being larger than the intake of the suction tube, the spray or jet of water being equally distributed through the entire area and length of the suction tube and with the least friction. rlhe volume of airdisplaced depends upon the difference between the area of the actuating jet and vthearea of the suction or discharge tube and upon the velocity of the water. The strength of the suction created by the jet of water depends on the velocity of the water, the difference in area between the actuating jet and the area of the suction or discharge tube, and upon the solidity of the water column which can be maintained inthe suction or discharge tube. l

The operation of my 1nvention above described embodies all of the above features and secures a maximum degree of elii'ciency9 bothv as to volume and pressure. lln practical, operation it is found that the device is so economical of water that the amount of water used `is relatively so small that the machine may be operated practically at no cost. The hose or tube 8 which extends from the nipple 7 is of course of any desired length and is intended to'be attached to the cleaner tube or handle 17, this/tube 17 carrying upon its lower end the cleaner foot which will be hereafter described.

ln llig. 1 l show the suction tube 4 as dischargmg into a pan 40 which forms a seal for the lower end of the suction tube and this will ordinarily be the most convenient means of closing the lower end of the tube 4. l do not, however, wish toy limit myself to this means as it is obvious designated 41, the discharge tube or suc tion pipe 4 extending down into the tank 41 and passing through a slip joint 42 provided with packing. The tank 41 has an air outlet 43 in its upper end and a water outlet 44 in its lower end. The water outlet is controlled by a double valve 45 which in turn is actuated by a float 4G. lThis attachment may be used in connection with the vacuum cleaning device as a compressed air or'blowing attachment for the machine. It is particularly useful in blowing dust and dirt out of crevices that cannot be reached by the suction method. It is also useful for cleaning dust from hats ete., for drying the hair and for all purposes where it is desired to clean with compressed air. The down rushing water in the suction pipe 4 carries with ,it a large amo-unt of air and this air and `water passes into the tank 41. The air will collect in the upper portion of the receiver or tank 41 while the water collects in the lower portion thereof, and at predetermined intervals the valve 45 is opened, permitting the outward passage of water. It will be obvious that inasmuch as the air which is carried down by the water in the suction tube or discharge pipe 4 must find an outlet, the air will pass out through the opening 5. If the supply of water and air are continuous, the valves 45 remain open continuously, but if the amount of water passing into the chamber 41 lessons, the valves will close until the water has risen in the chamber 41 sufficient to lift the float.

IVhat I claim is:

1. A vacuum creating device comprising a chambered member adapted to be secured to a supply pipe and having a relatively large inlet on one side, a septum extending across said memberin the plane of the upper side of the air-inlet opening, said septum having a nozzle formed on its under side and being provided with a central passage for the flow of fluid from the supply pipe, the upper portion of said passage being flared. and the lower portion thereof being cylindrical and extending through the nozzle, means for imparting a rotary motion to the fluid as it enters the said flared upper portion ot the passage, and a suction tube secured in the bottom of the ehambered member and depending therefrom, said tube being flared downwardly and being contracted intermediate its ends.

2. A vacuum creating device including a relatively large member adapted to be connected at one end to a supply pipe and having a relatively llarge air inlet opening at one side, a septum extending across the upper end of the chamber and provided with a passage downwardly tapered for a. portion of its length and then having a uniform diameter, a disk disposed above the septum and resting thereon, having a plurality of openings located out of alinement with the axis ot the discharge passage in the septum, the walls of said opening being inclined to the face of the plate, lwhereby to produce rotary motion in the liquid passing through the chamber, and a screw pin passing through the center of the plate and extending into the conical passage, said pin being adjustable through the plate to control the discharge through the passage.

3. A vacuum creating device including a relatively large chamber having a nozzle disposed in its upper portion ot relatively small diameter, the side wall of the chamber being formed with a relatively large inlet air opening, a discharge pipe depending from said chamber, and downwardly expanded for a portion oi its length,'then contracted, and then again downwardly expanded the lower end of the discharge pipe being greater in diameter than the upper end thereof, the upper end of the discharge pipe being less in diameter than the chamber, but larger than the nozzle, and means located above the nozzle tor imparting a whirl to the liquid passing through the nozzle.

In testimony whereof, I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

C. It. POWELL, SARAH A. POWELL.

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