US1038794A - Crushing-machine. - Google Patents

Description

J. M. SHO'LL.

GRUSHING MACHINE.

nrmoumnrunn FEB. 15. 1908.

Patented se t. 17,1912;

4 SHEETSSHEET 1.

J. M. SHOLL.

GRUSHING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.15, 190s Patented Sept. 17, 1912.

4 SHEETSSHEET 2.

i am 1 In I J. M. SHOLL.

GRUSHING MACHINE,

APPLICATION FILED FEBlfi. 1908.

1,038,794. P n ed Sept. 17,1912.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

V Q/Q/ @V @MMM- J. M. SHOLL.

CRUSHINS MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED r1112. 15, 1908.

{794 Patented Sept. 17, 11912. v f? 4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

wr Q. 59 HI! 60 JACOB M. SHOLL, or MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN.

CRUSHING-MAGHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 17, 1912.

Application filed February 15, 1908. Serial No. 416,021.

Machines, of which the following is a full,

clear, and exact specification.

My invention relates to crushing machines having gyratory shafts and crusher heads carried thereon, and particularly to that form of the same in which the upper end of the gyratory shaft is suspended in the hub of a top support plate or spider and the crushing head is carried in a crushing chamher, the lower end of the shaft being caused to move in a small circle, thus giving the shaft a gyratory movement. When stones or ore is thrown into the crushing chambers of such machines, it is crushed as the head advances toward the wall of the crushing chamber and is allowed to fall as the head recedes until it is reduced sutlicient-ly in size to fall through the opening atthe bottom of the chamber into a. discharge hopper or chute.

The primary object of the invention is to provide an improved form of crusher of the class described which shall be simple in construction and eflicient in operation and in which the height of the machine may be reduced, thereby facilitating feeding and at the same time reducing the weight, the initial cost of construction, the cost of transportation, and the cost of the foundation or supporting structure.

A. further object of the invention is to hrovide in a crusher of the class described improved means by which the various running or exposed parts are protected from wear and from dust.

A. further object is to provide an improved form of adjustable upper bearing for supporting the suspended main gyratory shaft.

- chino and assemble them.

A still further objectof the invention is to provide an improved form of hopper whereby the spider arms which support the main gyratory shaft may be protected from wear due to the passing of material to be crushed through the hopper, and to facilitate feed- 1H0. v

To the attainment of these ends and in order to accomplish other new and useful results the invention consists in the features of novelty described in the specification,

pointed out more specifically in the appended claims and shown in the accompanying drawings.

In the said drawings Figure 1 is a vertical section, partly in elevation of the complete machine. Fig. 9. is an elevation of the complete machine looking into the discharge spout. In this view a portion of the feed hopper is shown in section to illustrate the construction thereof. Fig. 3 a plan section taken on line 33, Fig. l, and shows the relation of the various parts which impart the gyratory motion to the main shaft. In this view collar 27 is removed. Fig. 4: is a detail view in horizontal section partly in elevation of a modified form of mecha- "nism' which may be adapted for imparting rotary movement to the eccentric ring instead of the rim-pulley drive shown in Fig.

1. Fig. 5 is a detail view in sectional elevation of the clamping adjusting nut on the upper end of the main gyratory .shaft, on line 5--5 of Fig. 6. Fig. \6 is a plan view partly in section'of the parts shown in'Fig.

5. Fig. 7 is an enlarged detail section illustrating the form of thread ontthe adjusting nut and the upper end of the main gyratory shaft. Fig. 8 is a broken sectional elevation illustrating a modified fofrm of the machine shown in Fig. 1 in which the spider which is used in suspending the main gyratory shaft is constructed separately from the upper shell pr crushing chamber. Fig. 9 is a broken view in elevation showing the upper part of the machine constructed according to the modified form .shown in Fig. 8, with the spider supporting the gyratory shaft detachably connected to the upper shell or crushing chamber. Fig. 10 is a plan View in sect-ion and Fig. 11 a view in elevation of one section of thepreferred form of roller bearing cage used to secure anti-friction' bearings for the eccentric driving ring. Figs. 12 and 13 are detail sectional views taken through diametrically opposite sides of the eccentric driving ring and the rimpulley secured thereto for driving the same, the View in Fig. 12 being taken through the ring on the side having a-maximum thickness, while the section in Fig. 13 is taken on the side having the minimum thickness. The adjacent roller bearings are shown in each view in elevation. Fig. 14 is a detail plan view of a portion of the rim pulley secured to the eccentric ring as the parts appear in vertical section in Fig. 13. Fig. 15 is a broken verticalsectional view partly in elevation illustrating a modified form of the discharge hopper and spout in which said hopper and spout are carried by the spider which imparts the gyratory motion to the main shaft.

The top shell or crushing chamber of the machine is indicated by the reference character 10. In the interior of this chamber is the usual form of crushing head 11 which is sleeved on main gyratory shaft 12. This shaft 12 may be supported in its gyratory movement in any desired or suitable manner as is common in this class of machines. It is preferred, however, that it be suspended from its upper support and to furnish this upper bearing and to take the side pressure the spider 10 is provided, which is preferably integral with the upper shell or crushing chamber 10, although in some .of thelarger sizes of machines it may be found desirable to construct this spider or support separate frnn crushing chamber 10, as illustrated in Figs. 8 and 9 in which the crushing chamber is indicated by the reference character 13, and the spider by 14. In'the form of these parts illustrated in Figs; 8 and 9, it is necessary that each of the parts be machined in order that they may fit together properly and in addition 'to the labor involved, retaining bolts '15 must be provided, all of which expense is avoided by the construction shown in Fig. 1. The crushing head 11 may be secured to 'main 'gyratory shaft 12 in any desired manner. It is preferred, however, that the shaft be formed with a uniformly increasing diameter from the partdesigned to receive the upper end of the head to the lower end thereof and the interior of the head be formed to correspond'with the conical form of the shaft in order that any tendency of the head to turn on the shaft combined with its weight will cause it to settle until all looseness taken up. If desired, the head may be prevented from turning on the shaft by a feather or spline inserted between the parts in the usual manner and the head may be held against any tendency to rise on the shaft by means of the threaded collars 16 and 17. -.The upper end of shaft 12 is preferably cylindrical in form and extends through a bearing formed in the hub of the spider 10. 18 is a bushing inserted in this bearing. In order to permit the gyratory movement of shaft 12, the bearing formed in the bushing 18 is of a gradually increasof shaft 12. The lower portion of this nut which is preferably thicker than the upper portion lnorder to form a suitable bearing rests upon a wearing r1ng'20, thus carry- I ing the weight of the shaft and the crush ing head. The construction of suspension nut 19 is shown in detail in Figs. 5, 6 and 7, from which it will be seen thatthe upper portion of this nut has slotted openings 21 and that it is provided with a tapered sleeve 22 which maybe driven down on it forcing the threads together in order to lock it in its adjusted position; As. a detail of constructic-n this nut is preferablyformed with a recessor groove 19 on its interior and is threaded only above such groove or recess. This construction permits the shaft 12 to be raised and lowered by adjusting this suspension nut which enables the crushing head 11 to be adjusted in relation to the crushing chamber and the concaves 23, which form the interior lining thereof. Tap bolts 24 may be used for securing sleeve 22 after it is driven ordrawn to its locking position.

.These same bolts may be used to screw into tapped holes l2 when it is desired to loosen the sleeve from the suspension nut, the lower ends of these bolts bearing against the upper surface of the'suspension nut, there being no holes formed therein to correspond with holes 22 in the sleeve. The form of thread known as the acme thread, which is illustrated in Fig. 7, is preferred for use on the suspension nut and shaft but it will be apparent that any thread with tapering sides as for example U. S. standard V thread which will permit of locking the not on the shaft in the manner described may be used. There is a distinct advantage in this use of this improvedform of suspension nut in that by the manner in which it is locked in position, all looseness of the parts may be taken up and the threads protected from wear. The lower end of nut 19, is faced or beveled at an angle such that it will have a surface bearing on the wearing ring 20 when the shaft is thrown over to the working angle and as it gyrates the lines of contact proceed around this face.

The most important feature of the invention relates to the construction at the lower end of the main gyratory shaft 12 and the means by which the gyratory motion is im; parted to the shaft and to the crusher head 11 A bearing for the lower end of the shaft is provided in the hub of the spider 25. That portion of shaft 12 enterin the lower bean ing, like that portion described in the upper bearing, is preferably cylindrical in form and is surrounded by bushing 26 which is so vided :t'oi the discharge of the crushed ma-j ,terial through the spider into the discharge hopper and discharge spout below. Here tofore in this classof machines, it has been the common practice to provide discharge means for the crushed material immediately below the crushing head. The main gyratory shaft has then been lengthened to aconsiderable distance to extend below the discharge means after passing beyond which it has been journaled in means for imparting the desired movement to it. All of this; has resulted in an undue lengthening of the crushing chamber 10. which latter member is mounted on a lower plate 0r base 27,

which is provided with openings through' .which the arms of the spider extend. The;

outer extremities of the spider arms are preferably provided with a circumferential rim 25 which is provided with an upwardly extending flange 25* around its periphery. In the embodiment of the invention,

shown, it will be apparent that while the weight of the main gyratory shaft 12 and crushing head 11 are suspended from.the

upper hearing, I no provision is made for. carrying the weightof the spider 25 fromv the suspended shaft. Independent means for sustaining the weight of the spider is.

shown in Fig. 1 consisting of'wea-ring plate 28 mounted in baseplate 27 plate 29 similarly mounted in the circumferential rim of the spider and ball bearing cage 30.

It will be apparent that any suitable form by means-of the rotating eccentric ring 31" interposed 'between the outer wall 'of the chamber 10 together.

upper shell or crushing chamber and the upwardly extending circumferential flange 25 of the spider. Rotation is preferably imparted to eccentric ring 31 by means of rimpulley 32, which may be made in halves and bolted together in the usual way to facilitate removal for inspection. The lower outer edge of rim-pulley 32 is provided with a flanged surface 32 which is carriedon suitable supporting rollers 33. This rim-pulley is also provided with an upper bearing sur-- face 32 adapted to coiiperate with suitable rollers 34 for preventing upward movement. 35 is a spindle which may be screw threaded into lower base member 27 or secured thereto in any desired manner for supporting roller 33.

36 is a form of-shield for roller 33 which may be formed integral with base member 27 as illustrated. I

37 is a flange secured in any desired mannerto upper shell or crushing chamber 10 and designed as a protective covering for the eccentric ring 31 and its bearings. This shield may be formed in sections as illustrated in Fig. 2, portions of which, as 37, may be hinged to admit of their being raised to permit inspection of the eccentric ring and its bearings, to permit lubrication of these parts and also topermit access to the nuts of bolts 38 which are used in securing v the lower plate or base 27 and the crushing A portion of shield member 37 may also be formed as a covering and a support for rollers 34 adapted to take the i ward thrust of rim-pulley 32 as illustrate at 37", Figs. 1 and 2. In order to furnish a suitable bearing, as well as anti-friction means between -eccentric ring 31 and its cooperating parts on crushing chamber 10 and spider 25, a bushing 39 may be provided in flange 25 and a sleeve 40 furnishes a similar; bearing around the lower edge of the crushing chamber. When spider flange 25 and crushing chamber 10 are made of suitable material for bearings, bushing 39 and sleeve 40 may be omitted as shown in Fig. 4;.

While it will be apparent that the desired gyratory movement would beimparted to spider 25 and to shaftl2 by inserting eccentric ring 31 between the bearings described the cylindrical rollers 41 are journaled between members 42, held in position by suitable retaining members 43. It is common inflbearings of this description to construct them in one continuous circumferential member and such construction may be used 1 here. but it is preferred that these bearings be divided into a number of sections, as illustrated, which makes them much more convenient in assembling or in removing or replacing broken or worn portions. In order to provide against wear due to the centrifugal action of these hearings it is preferred that rollers 44 be provided at the ends of each section, which will reduce the friction of supporting members/42.

Base member 27 is preferably provided around its outer edge with an upwardly extending flange 27*, near the base of which a groove27 is formed. This flange provides a protection for the bearings and the groove furnishes a. means for the collection of waste lubricating oil. v

As the material introduced into the machine is crushed between head 11 and concaves 23 and falls downwardly, it will pass between the radiating members of spider 25 and portions of it will strike the arms of .the spider, which constant action wears these parts greatly. To provide against such Wear, shields 45 are secured over the top surfaces of these spider arms. As a fur ther means for preventing material from reaching unprotected parts of the spider arms and for preventing dust from entering the bearings for operating and supporting the spider shields 46 are secured near the lower edge of crushing chamber 10 and to these shields other shields 47, preferably of flexible material as cloth and the like, are secured and are adapted to extend downwardly and close the opening through which the spider arms extend. These flexible shields of course may be made to surround very closely the spider arms and thereby effectually prevent dust and particles of the crushed material from entering the bearings. A suitable hopper or receptacle is secured to the bottom member 27 or such hopper may be .formed integral therewith. As illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 this hopper, indicated by reference character 48, is formed independently of base plate 27and secured thereto by suitable retaining bolts 49. The spout 48 is formed integral with the hopper although it will be apparent that it may be formed separately and secured to it in any desired manner. It is found that the constant action of the material coming from the crushing chamber has a wearing effect upon the hopper, which after a time makes it. necessary to replace the same. To avoid such wear, the hopper48 instead of being constructed on a steep incline toward the spout has its exposed surface corrugated in the manner illustrated in the sectional view in Fig. 1, or the incline of the surface may be made very slight which construction causes portions of the material to lodge on the surface thus formed in the hopper in a manner thatiwill be apparent,

so that the crushed material as it drops into the hopper instead of striking thelsurface of the hopper wears against other material previously deposited;

In Fig. 15 a modified form of hopper is the spider and as it is carried by the spider instead of being secured to the base of the machine, as shown in Figs. 1- and 2, the

'gyratory movement of the spider is imparted to the hopper, which movement facilitates the passage of the crushed material through the hopper and the discharge spout, thus making it possible to construct the hopper and the spout with a much less incline than when constructed as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. In said modification the .70 shown, which construction, 1f followed, per-.

hopper is-indicated by the reference character 50 and the spout by 50*. It may be attached to the spider in any desired'manner,

although specific means for securing the parts together is not illustrated in the drawing, yet it will be apparent that the same bolts, as bolts 51, which are used for securing shields 45 to the arms of the spider,

may be employed forvsecuring the hopper thereto. If desired, this hopper may be cast integral with said spider. In this modification the base member. 52 need not differ from the form illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, since the base 27 may readily be used in conjunction with this modified form of hopper.

In Fig. 4 is shown a modified form'of means which may be employed in driving the eccentric ring 31, consisting of a circular ring or face gear 53 meshing with bevel pinion 54 on horizontal driving shaft 55. Shaft 55 may be driven by any suitable means, as driving pulley 56. This means of driving may under some conditions be found more convenient in communicating power to the machine and when employed an extension 57 may be formed integral with base plate 27 and the shaft 55, and its bearin'g 58 secured to this extension in any desired manner.

The concaves or plates 23 which line the interior of the crushing chamber and cooperate with the crushing head are usually made to come level with the crushing chamber at the top and are overlapped by the hopper or by the rim of the spider which supports the main gyratory shaft at its upper end. When thus constructed if the concaves vary in thickness, a ledge may be formed by the thicker ones bywhich large particles of material entering the crushing chamber lodge and in this manner obstruct the feed. Again these concaves are sometimes made of material that expands until it comes in contact with the spider or hopper and may cause breakage. As shown in tinuation of the inclined sur ace of the re- 1 ceiving hopper '59, thus securln a practically smoother, inclined surface for feeding the material into the crushing chamber.

Receiving hopper 59 rests upon the top of the crushing chamber and may be formed in a plurality of sections and bolted together as illustrated more particularly in Fig. 9. It is the common practice to make the inclinationof feed hoppers in machines of this class the same in all points of its circumference. Since the arms of the spider which support the gyratory shaft at its upper end, rise above the inclined surface of the hopper, material which is being fed into the crushing chamber lodges against the spider arms, which results in. obstructing the feed to an extent. The improved mannor of constructing the sections of the hopper adjacent the spider arms as illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 8 and 9 avoids anysuch obstructlon since the surface 59 of the hopper forms a shed preventing the material from striking the spider arms and it will be apparent that the elevated surfaces 59- may be formed by separate pieces secured to a hopper of the usualconstruction. 'To pro-- tect the spider armsagainst wear from material dropping upon'them from above, they areprovided with the usual shields 60 and secured to the arms in any desired manner, as by bolts 61.

While rim-pulley 32 may be formed integral with eccentric ring 31 or secured thereto in any suitable manner, the formv of construction shown in detail in Figs. 1, and 12 to 141, is preferred. In this construction the upper edge of the eccentric ring is formed 'of uniform thickness throughout and is formed eccentric only on that portion which cooperates with the bearings on the gyratory spider. TlllS upper concentric portion of the ring furnishes the means for securing'the concentric rimpulley thereto. The parts may be secured together by the tap bolts 62, one or more of which may be used in locking keys or pins 63, as illustrated in Figs. 1, 13- and 14,

for the purpose of firmly securing the parts spider in which the lower end of said gymtogether.

In order that the invention might be fully understood by those skilled in the art, the details of the foregoing embodiment thereof have been thus fully described, but 7 a What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is.-

1. In a machine of the class described in combination, a crushing chamber, a crushing head, a gyratory shaft, a spider adapted to furnish suspension means for said shaft adjacent the upper extremity thereof and adaptedv to permit a gyratory movement of the shaft, a spider into which the lower end of the shaft is journaled, the said spider being provided with members extending beyond the walls of the chamber, and means adapted to impart a gyratory movement to the last said spider in relation to the crush mg chamber, said means comprising an eccentric ring interposed between the said spider and the crushing chamber.

2. In a machine of the class described in combination, a main crushing chamber, a stationary spider carried by the said chamber at its upper extremity, a main gyratory shaft provided with a crushing head journaled in said spider and suspended therefrom to permit a gyratory movement of said shaft in relation to the spider and the crush ing chamber, a spider at the lower extremity of the' gyratory shaft and connected therewith, said spider being.mounted on suitable bearings whereby it is susceptible of a gyrat'ory movement and having portions thereof extending beyond the outer walls of the crushing chamber, an eccentric ring interposed between the said outer portions of the spider and the chamber, and driving means for imparting a rotary movement to "said eccentric ring whereby the said spider and the gyratory shaft are causedto gyrate in relation to the crushing chamber.

- 3; In a machineof the class described in combination, a crushing chamber, a main the crushing chamber, a suspension bearing in said spideradapted to carry the upper end of the gyratory shaft, a spider at the lower extremity of the shaftlan'd connected therewith, arms on said spider extending beyond the outer walls of the chamber through openings in the walls of the chamber, and means on the exterior of the chamher for imparting agyratory movement to the spider, said means comprising an upwardly extending flange. around the periphery of the spider, and an eccentric rin mounted to rot-ate between said flange an a suitable bearing surface fixed in relation to the crushing chamber;

4. In a machine of the class describe/din combination, a crushing chamber, a spider fixed to said'chamber, a main gyratory shaft suspended from said spider, a non-rotating an eccentric ring inter-- posed between t e splder and a sultable ing relative movement between said last mentioned spider and the crushing chamber, said means comprising an eccentric ring interposed between the spider and a suitable bearing surface in fixed relation to the chamber, and means for imparting movement to said eccentric ring comprising a concentric rim-pulley secured thereto.

6. In a machine of the class described in combination, a crushing chamber, a main gyratory shaft having one end thereof journaled in fixed relation to said chamber but adapted to have a gyratory movement in such fixed bearing, a movable spider into which the other end of said shaft is journaled, means for imparting a gyratory movement'to the last said spidef, a bearing adapted to carry the weight of the'movable spider, said bearing comprising plates secured to the spider and to a member fixed to the crushing chamber, and a ball bearing cage between said plates and a flexible shield cooperating with the wall of the chamber and the spider whereby the dust from the crushing chamber may be excluded, from the bearing.

7. In a machine of the class described in combination, a crushing chamber, a main gyratory shaft on the interior of the chamber, a spider movably mounted in relation to the chamber for imparting gyratory movement to the shaft, a flange on the periphery of the spider extending around the outer wall of the chamber, an eccentric ring interposed between the flange and the outer wall of the chamber, and anti-friction means adapted to take the thrust between said-eccentric ring, said flange and the wall of' the chamber comprising a plurality of roller bearings, i

" 8. In a machine of the class described in combination, a crushing chamber, a main gyratory shaft a spider secured to the gyend of said shaft and having a porof the chamber, an eccentric ring interposed between the spider and a suitable bearing surface in fixed relation to the'chamber, a rim-pulley secured to said eccentric ring and anti-friction means-for supporting said rim-pulley comprising bear ng surfaces adapted to support said rim pulley against both upward and downward movement, and a plurality of anti-friction rollers rotatably extremity of the crushing chamber by abearing' in fixed relation to said chamber but adapted to permit a gyratory movement of the lower end of said shaft, a movable spider connected with the lower end of i said shaft and having the arms thereof extending outwardly through openings formed in the walls formed by the chamber and its base, said spider being formed with open spaces between the arms thereof through which material from the crushing chamber'may passyineans for. imparting a gyratory movement to said spider, and a discharge hopper and spoutbelow the said spider.

10. In a machine of the class described in combination, a crushing chamber, a main gyratory shaft suspended from the upper end of said chamber, means for imparting a gyratory movement to the lower end of said shaft comprising a spider having a plurality of radiating arms extending beyond the outer walls of the chamber, a base plate adapted to support the said crushing chamber and to form a continuation of the walls thereof, there being openings formed in the walls of the chamber and the plate through which the radiating arms of the said spider pass, means on the exterior of the walls formed by the chamber and the base for imparting gyratory movement to the spider,

and an upwardly extending flange around the outer periphery of the base whereby protective means for the mechanism operating the" spider is secured.

11; In a machine of the class described in combination, a main crushing chamber, a gyratory shaft, a spider connected with the lower end of said shaft, means for imparting a gyratory movement to said spider, a base adapted to support said crushing chamber, the walls thereof being adapted to form a continuation of the walls of the crushing chamber, a bearing surface formed on the said base adapted to support the said movable spider, an upwardly extending flange around the periphery of the base adapted to furnish a shield to the said spider bearing and a groove around the periphery of the base adjacent the said flange adapted .to furnish a receptacle for waste lubricants.

' 12. In a machine of the class described in combination, a crushing chamber, a crushing head, a main gyratory shaft carrying said crushing head, a spider in fixed relation'to said chamber adjacent the upper side thereof and extending beyond the'upper extremities of the walls of the chamber, and a receiving hopper at the upper extremities of the walls of the chamber and being provided with elevated portions in its upper surface opposite the arms of the spider whereby material fedinto the hopper is deflccted and passes into the chamber Without striking the spider arms.

13. In a machine of the class described in combination, a crushing chamber, a crushing head, a main gyratory shaft supporting said crushing head, a'spider secured to the walls'of the crushing chamber adjacent the' upper extremities thereof adapted to furnish a'bearing for the main gyrating shaft, and a hopper at the upper extremities of the walls of the chamber, said hopper comprising a plurality of sections, and the upper surfaces of said sections adjacent the spider arms being formed to shed incoming material into the chamber without contacting with the spider arms.

14. In a machine of the class described in combination, a main gyratory shaft, a crushing chamber, a spider carried by the crushing chamber. and adapted to furnish suspension means for said shaft, a hearing or seat on said spider adapted to cooperate with an enlargement or collar on said shaft, and an adjustable collar on said shaft comprising a sleeve provided with a threaded inner portion adapted to correspond with a similar threaded portion on the shaft and being provided with a thickened lower bearing surface adapted to cooperate with'the seat or bearing on the spider, therebeing longi tudinal slots through the walls of the sleeve intersecting the threads, a collar ada ted to be inserted over the slotted and threa ed portion of said sleeve, there bein tapered surfaces whereby the forcing of the collar over the sleeve locks the same in position on the shaft, and means for locking the said collar and the sleeve together. a

In testimony whereof I have signed my

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