US1038462A - Valve for rotary gas-engines. - Google Patents

Description

w; s. THOMPSON. VALVE ron BOTABY GAS ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 1, 1911.

Patented Sept. 10,1912;

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

l/VVEIVTOR a $772077: m

ATTORNEYS W. S. THOMPSUN.

VALVE TOR ROTARY GAS ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 1, 1911. v 1,038,462, Patented Sept. 10, 1912.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

W H 1 MM... ii; 6 V

INVENTOR fifil/acv 77m ua/b ATTORNEYS WITNESSES I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

wannacn s. rrromrson, or summit, enonem,

VALVE area some? ens-enemas.

Specification of 1mm rum.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WALLACE S. THOMP- SON, a citizen of the United States, and a' resident of Smyrna, in the county of Cobb and State of Geor ia, have invented a new and Improved Va ve for Rotary Gas-Engines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description. 1

My invention relates to a valve construc-' soon as the combustible mixture is fired, to

allow the burnin" gases to flow out of the said chamber an do useful work.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specificatipn, in which the same characters of' reference indicate the same parts in all the views. a

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a rotary gas engine, preferably of the turbine type,

showmg the casings forming the firing chambers, and the levers for actuating the valves in said casings; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through one. of said chambers andv art of the main casin adjacent thereto, s owing the blades of t e turbine wheel inside ofthe casing; Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section similar to that shown on Fi 2, showing the'controlling valve in-close osition; Fig. 4 is a similar section showing the valve in opcn'position; and Figs. 5 and 6 aresections similar to Fi s. 3 and 4, respectively, showing am ified form of valve construction.

On the drawings, 1 indicates the outer casing of a rotary combustion motor having mounted on one side thereof a number' of cylindrical casings 2, closed at their outer ends, these casings being hollow .inside to form combustion chambers 2'. The fuel supplied to these combustion chambers after v bemg ignited flows out therefrom and acts a ainst the turbine blades '3' of the motor 9. er passing through one or more nozzles t, passing through the side of the main casmg 1 to which t e valve casing 2 is secured.

Patented Sept. 10', 1912. I

Each of thevalve casings 2 has a transverse I ormed a-central opening, the edge of which constitutes a suitable seat .6 for a controllinvalve 7. This controlling valve 7 is fixed upon a reciprocating stem 8 mounted in a bearing in the side of the main casing between the nozzles 4, andpasses out through the closed end of the casing 2. On the outer end of each of said stems is a head 9, which retains on the stem 8 a washer 10; and between this washer 10 and the closed end of the casing 2 is a sprin 11, which is under compression to keep t e valve 7 in closed position. a

The stem 8 also carries between the valve 7 and the closed end of the casing 2 a disk or head 12 of somewhat smaller area than the disk or head. This valve 7 seats in a recess 13 formed on the inside of the closed end of the casing 2, the edge of the same being shaped to afford a snug fit to the edge partition 5 inside of the same, in which is of the header disk 12. This recess is of course of greater depth than the thickness of the head or disk 12, and communicates through a port 14 with the inside of the'casing 1, so that any gas which may be trapped in the recess 13 may pass out to be ignited with the body of-the gases acting upon the turbine blades 3; a passa e 14 in the body of each valve casing 2, lea ing into the main casing 1.

Each of the valve casings 2 is provided with an ignition plug 15 of the make-andbreak type mounted in the end thereof to one side 0 the valve 12. Mixture is supplied to each of the chambers 2' by a pipe 16 communicating with a port in the closed end of the casing, and this pipe 16 has a casing 17 which contains an automatically.- operating check-valve to flow of gases therethroug ;and a supply valve 18, which. is automatically operated by a moving art of the rotary motor to be revent the back o ened at t e proper time to allow combusti le mixture to flow under Ipressure through the pipe 16- into the ch'am er .2. the pipes 16, as shown on Fig. 1, communicates with a header 19, from which leads a ipe, to a su ply pump which forces the uel through t e pipe 16 to each of the combustion chambers 2 in turn. The combustiblemixture'may be formed in any suitable Each 0t ed on the side of the. casing nected at one end to The valves 7, 12' and 18 and the igniter15' are actuated by means of a suitable cam ring 21, having an external cam edge. 22 and an internal cam edge 23, this cam ring bein secured by radial arms 21 to the main sha t 20 of the motor. Mounted on the casing 1, inside the inner circumference of the cam 21, is a number of levers 23', there being one of these levers for each casing 2; and mount- 1, to be actuated edge 22 of the ring 21, is

by the outer cam 24. Each of the an equal number oflevers levers 23 bear against the cam surfaces by which they are actuated, and each of the outer levers 24 is connected to a push-rod 25, which actuates a bell-,crank 26, these bell-crank levers being mounted on the closed ends of the casings 2 to operate the. valve 7 and the disk 12,'or 12, as the case ma be. They are pivoted to bolts 27 mounte in lu s 28 at points nearer to the shaft 20 than the valve stems 8, and have arms 29 which engage the 2 heads 9 on the outer ends of the valve stems, to actuate the same.

Each of .theinner set of levers 23 is cona rod 30, which operates the valve 18, and at its other end to a rod 31, which operates the igniter 15, the levers being pivoted between the oints of connection thereof to these two re s 30 and 31. The cam projections 32 on the outer edge of the cam ring 21 are two in number, so as to cause ignition to take place in twodiametrically opposite ignition chambers at. thesame time; and the cam indentations 33 on the inner surface of the cam ring are valso two in number and arranged about ninety degrees vdistant from the projecof this lever will be tions 32.

In operation, suppose the turbine herotating in the direction of the arrow shown in Fig. 1, ignition will then take the upper and lower casings 2. he cam indentations 33 will be engaging the roller on the lever 23, which actuates the supply valve for the next casing 2 at the left, so as to permit explosive mixture to flow into this casing at this time. The opposite end thrown toward the center of the shaft 20, lever 31, which actuates theigniter 15 At 55 the same time, the camprojection 32 will be those illus-' and 24 has rollers on one end to lace 1n ulling outward on the lifting the lever 24, forcing the push-rod 25 upward to actuate the bell-crank 26, andopen the valve 7 and disk 12. The valves are normally not opened until after-the igniter 15 has been actuated to start thecombustion, so that when the burning mixture flows out through the nozzles 4, its pressure will have been greatly increased when the.

force of the burning gases is exerted againstthe turbines 3.

On account of the area of the valve 7 bemg result, even should the bell-cranks not be reater than the disk 12, no damage can actuated at the proper moment to open communication from the ignition chamber to the nozzles 4, because, as soon as the pressure of the burning gases reaches a certain point, the excess pressure on the inner face of the .valve 7 over the total. pressure on the opposed face of the disk 12 will be great enough to overcome the spring, 11, so'as to force the valve and disk open independently of the actuating mechanlsm controlled by the cam 21. As the rotation of .the' turbine continues, carrying the cam rin 21 with it, the valves in each site. casings 2 will be actuated in turn, so that the force of the exerted always on op osite sides of the turfbine blades to give'tliegreatest amount of turning elfect.

two diametrically oppoburning gases will be As stated above, the cam indentations 33 I being in advance of the cam projections 32, the supply valves 18 of the casings 2, in which the combustion is next to take place, are always actuated just about the time that the valve 7 and disk 12 are opened, and the igniter 15 operated in the two casings in which the combustion is underway. Suit-' able spring means will of course be provided to keep the roller ends of the arms 23' and 24 in constant contact. with the inner and outer edges of the cam'ring 21. Y

I may of course use any suitable form of governor attachment to control the supply valves 18, and I may also use a governing arrangement to produce ignition first in one )air of the combustion chambers 2, then in two pairs, and then in three pairs, until all of these'combustion chambers are in operation, according to the load on the engine. By connecting a governor to the inlet valve 18, not only the quantity of the mixture supplied to each of the chambers 2 will be regulated, but the pressure also, for the pump supplies the mixture at constant pressure, and if, a smaller volume of this gas be supplied to the chamber 2, the capacity of which is constant, the pressure thereof would fall olf in consequence. v

The compression pump which supplies mixture can be driven gine or from some outside source. I prefer to employ a small storage tank or reservoir, connecting the same betweenthe pump and direct from the enthe motor, and if need be, the header '19 can be made to have sufiicient capacity for this purpose. 7 I 7 It will be observed that the pressure of the compressed mixture inside of the chambers 2 is exerted oppositely on the valve 7 and disk 12, or 12',- as the case may be.

This produces a balanced valve construc-- tion, and'on account of the greater pressure on the inner face of the valve 7, this valve always tends to open, and is held shut by the spring 11. Consequently, but little power is required to operate the bell-crank levers 26 to overcome the spring 11 and release the mixture after the same has been ignited.

Referring to Figs. 3 and 4, it will be noted that the momentthe excess pressure on the inner face of the valve 7 causes the valve to open, the burning gases will rush through the nozzles 4:, and the pressure will instantly become uniform on both faces of the valve? and thehead or disk 12. Under such conditions the spring 11 would cause the valve 7 to return to its seat, but the operating levers 9 prevent this by holding the valve 7 open as long as is necessary to allow the gases of combustion to pass out of the chamber 2'. The same mode of operation practically controls the operation of.

the modification shown in Figs. 5 and 6.

When the valve 7 opens in this form, the

pressure on both faces thereof is equalized, and the disk 12' can be forced back into the bore 13, the pressure of the gases cooperating with the spring 11 to tend to move the parts in this way. -The operating levers, however, prevent the valve from closing until at the required moment.

It will be observed from the above description that by means of my improved valve the principle of compression can be advantageously applied to a gas turbine. In most turbines of the internal combustion type,'gas and air are simply pumped into a combustion chamber, where it is i ited and from which itflows in a stea y stream through a nozzle or nozzles against the turbine wheel, this nozzle being 0 ened at all times making compression in t e chamber before firing impossible.

' By means of my invention the mixture can be given almost any desired degree of compression within practicable limits in the combustion chamber, and instantly released after the same is ignited, to flow into the main chamber and set the motor in rotation.

illustrations of igniters in which a movable electrode reciprocatcs back and forth into and out of contact with a fixed electrode,

the movable electrode being operated for this purpose by means of a cam formed on the ends of the reciprocating rods 31.

I wish it to be understood that I may make such changes in the shape, size and arrangement of parts as fairly fall within gas engine, the combinamain casing and iuclosing a combustion chamber, a valve controlling communication between said combustion chamber through said passage to the inside of said main casing, a disk rigidly connected to the first-named valve and of smaller area than the same, said disk seating against the inner wall of the combustion chamber for the purpose of partly balancing'the outward. pressureon the valve, means for supplying combustible mixture to said combustion chamber, and means for actuating the valve to open communication between the combustion chamber 'and theinterior of themain casing after the mixture is ignited.

2. In a rotary gas engine, the combination-of a main casing having a passage-in its wall, a casing mounted on said main casing and adapted to communicate with same through said passages, said secondnamed casing inclosin a combustion chamber, a valve mountc within said secondnamed casing to control communication between said combustion chamber and the inside of the main casing through said passage, a stem on which said valve is mounted, said stem passing through the wall of the casing inclosing the combustion chamber, a recess concentric with said stem formed on the inner face of said wall, a disk mounted rigidl upon said stem and seating against thee ge of said recess, said disk being of smaller diameter than the inner face of the valve, means for supplying combustible mixture under pressure to said combustion chamber, said mixture under pressure acting in opposite directions on, the opposed faces of said valve and disk, and means engaging the outer end of said valve stem to actuate the same after the combustible mixture has been fired to open communication between the combustion chamber and the main casing to allow the burning gases to flow into said main casing. a

3. In a rotary gas engine, the combination of a main casing having a passage in its wall, a casing mounted on said main casing and adapted to communicate with same through 'said passage, said secondnamed casing inclosing a combustion chamber, a valve mounted wlthm sa1d secondnamed casing to control communication be- I tween said combustion chamber and the inside of the main casing through; said passage, a stem on which said valve is mounted, 7 said stem passing through the wall of the casing inclosing the combustion chamber, a recess concentric \Vltll sa1d stem formed on the inner face of said wall, a disk mounted rigidly'upon said stem andjseating against the edge of said recess',-said disk being of,

smaller diameter than the inner face of the valve means for supplying combustible mixture underpressure to said COIIlbIlStIOIl chamber, said mixture under pressure act-- ing-in opposite directions on the opposed upon said stem and havin faces'of said valve and disk, a head on the outer ,end or said valve stem, auspring between said head and the outside of the second casing to hold said valve and disk to their seats, and means engaging the outer end of said valve stem to actuate the same after the combustible mixture'hasbeen fired to open communication between the combustion chamber and the main casing to allow the burning gases to flow into said main casin at. in a rotary gas engine, the combination of a main casing having a passage through its wall, .a casm inclosing a combustion chamber mounted upon said main casingand adapted to communicate with the inside of the main casing through said passage, a valve mounted upon a reciprocating stem controlling said communication, said,

stem' passing outward through the wall of said combustion chamber, a disk mounted a seat in a recess formed on the inner sur ace of said com-- 7 bust-ion chamber, said disk ,being of smaller -area than said valve, a passag establish commun cation wlt the wall of said main casing adapted t communicate with the interior of the valve caslng, a valve in sa1d valve casmg for controllmg sa1d communication, a cylmdrlcal disk rigidl vmounted to move in unison I with the va ve, a recess formed inside of the valve casing to receive saidcylindrical disk, means for supplying combustible mixture to said combustion chamber, and means conmunication,

nected to said valves and extending through the wall of the valve casing to be operated by, the engine 'to move said valves to open position. I

6. In a rotarygas engine, the combination of a main casing, a casln inclosing a combustion chamber carried y said main casing, said main casing having a passage in its wall adapted to communicate with the combustion chamber, a yalve -in said combustion chamber to control said coma stem to operate said valve extending through. the wall of 'said combustion chamber, a disk of smaller area than said valve, mounted on said stem and seating against ,the ed e of a, recess formed on the inside of t e combustion chamber, an igniter mounted in the wall of said combustion chamber and having its electrodes located inside of said combustion chamber, means for supplying combustible mixture under\ pressure to said combustion chamber, means for actuating said igniter to ignite said mixture, and means engaging t e valve stem to move said valve and disk to" open position to permit the mixture after ignition to flow into the main casing to operate the motor.

7 In a rotary gas engine, the combination of a main casing, havingpassages formed in its wall, a plurality of valve casings carried by said main casing, each of said'valve casings inclosing a combustion chamber, said combustion chambers being adapted to communicate with the inside of the main casing through said passages, said valve casings being oppositely mounted on said main casing, a balanced valve in each of 'said valve casings, a stem on which said balanced valve is mounted, saidstem extending through the wall of each of said i valve casings and being engaged by a sprin at its'outer end to hold sa1d valve in close position, a conduit for supplying combustible mixture to the interior of each of said valve casings, valve means controlling said conduit, an i lter mounted in the wall of each of sa1d valve casings, a plurality of. links and levers to actuate the igniters, the valves in the supply conduit and the stems of the balanced valves, and cam means carried by the engine to operate the links and levers, whereby, after the mixture in each valve casmg has been ignited, the balanced valve .Will

permit the burning gases to flow the interior of the main opened to therefrom into casing.

be no.

8. In a rotary gas engine, the combination f ofa main casing, having, assages formed in its wall, a pluralityof va ve casings carried by said mam casing, each of said valve casings inclosin a combustion chamber, said combustion c ambers being adapted to communicate with the inside of-the main casing plying combustible mixture to the interior of each of said valve casings, valve means controlling said conduit, an igniter mounted in the wall of each ofsaid valve casings, a plurality of links and leversto actuate the igniters,-the valves in the supply conduit and the stems of. the balanced valves, the mechanisms for operating the balanced valves being connected to an outer set of levers and thelinks for operating the valves in the supply conduits and the igniters being connected to a set of levers disposed inside of the first set on the side of the main casing, and a cam ring having means on its inner and outer edges for engaging said levers tooperate the supply valves to admit combustible mixture, and subsequently to operate the igniters to fire the same, and last to open the balanced valves .to permit the burning gases to pass out of the combustion chambers into the main casing.

9. In a rotary gas engine, the combination of a main casing, a plurality of'valve casings, each containing a combustion chamber, carried-by said main casing, there being passages in the wall of said main casing adapted to communicate with said combustion chambers, a plurality of supplypipes, one being connected to each of said combustion chambers to supply combustible mixture thereto under pressure, and a header of suitable capacity, to which said supply pipes are connected' 10. In a gas engine, the combination of a main casing, a casing carried thereby and inclosing a "combustion chamber communicating with the interior of the main casing, a valve controlling communication between the combustion chamber and the main casing, a dlsk rigidly connected to the valve and of smaller area than the' same, said disk seating against theinner wall of the combustion chamber for the purpose of partly balancing the outward pressure on the valve when the explosive mixture in .said combustion chamber is ignited, and

means for supplying a combustible mixture to said combustion chamber.

11. In a gas engine, the combination of a main casing, a pair of valve casings mounted thereon and communicating with the interior of the main casing, means in said valve casings for controlling said communication, combustible mixture supply means and ignition means communicating with said valve casings, means for simultaneously opening the combustible m1xture supply ,means of One casing and --operating the 1gnition. means of the other casing, and means for subsequently operating the controlling means of said other valve casing.

12. In a gas engine, the combination of a main casing, a pair of valve casings carried thereby and communicating with the interior of the main casing, means for controlling such communication mounted in each of said valve casings, means for operating the controlling means from the exterior of the valve casings, combustible mixture suply means and ignition means communicatmg with the interior of each of said valve casings, a lever pivoted intermediate its length and connected at one end to the inlet of the combustible mixture supply means of one casing and at its other end to the ignia tion means of the other casing, means for operating said lever to open the supply means of one casing and to operate the ignition means of the other casing simultaneously, and means carried by said last-named means for subsequently operating the controllingmeans of the other valve casing.

13. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a casing forming a combustion chamber, means for supplying combustible mixture thereto, means for igniting said mixture, a valve for controlling the exit of said ignited mixture from said chamber, and a disk rigidly connected to said valve and of smaller area than the same and engaged by the inner wall of the combustion chamber for the purpose of partly balancing the outward pressure of the valve when the combustible mixture in the chamber is ignited.

14. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a main casing, a casing forming a combustion chamber communicating with themain casing, a valve controlling said communication, said valve having an inclined edge seating against a correspondingly-formed seatin a wall of said combustion chamber, and a disk rigidly connected to the valve and of smaller 'area than the same, said disk likewise having an inclined edge seating against a correspondinglyformed seat in the wall of the combustion chamber opposite the first-named wall.

15. In an internal combustion engine, the

combination of a casing forming a combustion chamber, means for supplying combustible mixture to said chamber, means for igniting said mixture, a valve controllin the exit of said ignited mixture from said c 1amber, and a disk rigid with said valveand of smaller area than the same, and seating against the innerwall of said combustion chamber, said, chamber having a duct formed therein topermit the pressure of,

. said mixture after leain said combustion e unexposed face nitin said mixture, a valve having an incline edge engagin a correspondinglyformed seat in a pal of said combustion chamber, and a disk rigid with said valve and having a flarin inclined edge engaging a corresponding y-shaped seat formed Q in the wall of the combustion chamber 0posite the first-named wall, said casing hav- 15 mg a duct therein to permit the pressure of the combustible mixtureafter leaving the said chamber to be applied to the unexposed face of said disk.-' Y

In testimony whereof I have signed ,my 20 name to this specification in the presence of two subscribin witnesses.

WA LACE S. THOMPSON.

Witnesses:

. J. W. JACKSON, J. R. LESTER.

Images