US1037805A - Apparatus for making flour and meal. - Google Patents

Description

A. R. TATTBRSALL. APPARATUS POR'MAKING FLOUR AND MEAL.

APPLICATION mum SEPT. 25, 1909.

1,037,805. Patented Sept. 3,1912.

4 BHEETS-SHEET 1.

A. R. TATTBRSALL.

APPARATUS FOR MAKING FLOUR AND MEAL.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT-25, 1909.

Patented Sept. 3, 1912.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Inventor. E.R.Tafer QZZ fig' Witnesses. 1% 5 1 Ado/W A. R. TATTERSALL.

APPARATUS FOR MAKING )PLOUR AND MEAL.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 25, 1909.

Patented Sept. 3, 1912.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

In VBll tor.

Witnesses.

A. R. TATTBRSALL. APPARATUS FOR MAKING FMOUR AND MEAL.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 25, 1909.

NW r J qm n r Witness e8.

- Kama UNITED STATES PA E T" oFFICE.

ALFR D" arsnwon'rn TATTERSALL, or LONDON, ENGLAND.

APPARATUS FOR MAKING FLOUR AND MEAL.

To all whom it may concern:

TA'rrnRsALL, a subject of the King'of Great Britaln, residing at 75 Mark-Lane, in the city and county of London, England, have invented new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Making Flour and Meal, of which the followingis a specification.

This invention relates to improvementsin self-contained machines for making flour, corresponds to Letters Patent of Great Britain No. 23,836 of 1909 granted to me therefor, and is an improvement upon the machine disclosed in Letters Patent of Great Britain granted to me the second day of June, 1904:, No. 12,492.

The to provide a complete flour mill, all the constituent elements of which are contained in a single frame, which is so organized as to produce flour, clear and free from impurities, and which shall retain as much as possible the sweet flavor of the wheat berry and 'the qualities known in the art as strengthand liveliness. V

' So far as I am aware, the first instance of a complete flour .mill organized with the constituent elements-contained in a single frame is that disclosed by my hereinbefore mentioned Letters Patent of Great Britain, No. 12,492 of June 4, 1904. The mill organized as disclosed in that patent, however, presents certain difiiculties and imperfections which are' avoided in the mill organized according to this present invention, as will appear hereinafter.

As shown in the accompanying drawings, the machine of my invention is organized with two pairs of break rolls, two -pairs of reduction rolls, foilr centrifugals, and appropriate conveyers, to constitute a com lete automatic self-contained roller mi ling plant capable of turning out -about 140 pounds of flour per hour.

In said drawings,Figures 1 and 1 are longitudinal sections through my improved apparatus. Fig. 2 is a cross sectionthrough the roller portion of the apparatus. Fig. 3

is a cross section through the scalping and dressing portion of the apparatus.

In the said drawings, the reference numerals 90 and 91 designate a two-chamber casing supported by a suitable frame. These casings are designed to be dust tight and in one, 90, of said chambers the sets of break rolls and reduction rolls are con- Speeification of Letters Patent.

Application filed September 25, 1909. Serial No. 519,594. I

resent invention has for its object' Patented Sept; 3; 1912.

tained. The centrifugals are disposed in the other chamber of the. casing, and suitable conveyers as hereinafter set forth serve to conduct the product of the break rolls.

first pair of break rolls 5 and 6 I arrange 1 I a scalper sieve 7 onto which the product of said rolls falls. That which does not pass through the mesh of the sieve drops by gravity onto an inclined slide 16 which guides the same to the'second pair of break rolls 27, 28, arranged beneath the first set of rolls. That portion of the product of the first set of rolls which passes through the sieve 7 is taken immediately by the. conveyer 8 into the centrifugal dresser 9 and the flour resulting from the operation of the first break rolls passes through the silk covering of this centrifugal as a finished product, and, being'-guid'ed by the slides 29 and 39, goesto the convey'er 30 at the bottom of .the machine casing. The tailings from this centrifugal require. to be further reduced and dressed before the bran is separated therefrom as a finished product. For the purpose of convenience of description, the coarse ;of the tailings of this first centrifugal ,9 will beleft until the tailings fromthe sieve scalper: 7 have been brought to substantially th'e'same state.

It will be observed that, so far scribed, the present invention differs from the machine shown in my hereinbefore-referred-to British Letters Patent No. 12,492 in this: that is tosay, according to the present invention the product of the first pair of break rolls falls immediately ontov a vibratory scalper sieve, and the tailings go thence immediately to the second-pair of break rolls, the throughs only being conveyed to the first centrifugal dresser; whereas, according to the said British Letters Patent, all

of the product of the firstbrea'k-rolls, is

as yet detice, was found to be that the severe action of the rotary-scalper arranged interiorly of the centrifugal-dresser in sifting the ground stock through the mesh of the scalper, 1m-

mediately followed by a correspondingly se- 1 that of the rotary scalper arranged interiorly of the centrifugal dresser I attribute the result, also, in part, to the fact that according to the organization shown in the before mentioned British Letters Patent the entire product of the first break-rolls, is, before separation, conveyed, in a comm'ingled state, to the combined rotary-- scalper and centrifugal-dresser of the Brit- .ish Letters Patent, with opportunity for the breaking up, by attrition, of the dust and branny particles comin from the first break rolls, an occurrence w ich is avoided by the arrangement of a vibratory scalpersieve immediately below the first break rolls according to the present invention, by Which separation of the product of said rolls is immediately effected and only the throu hs of the sieve are conveyed to the centri gal dresser. Another advantage of this difierence in organization is that the maximum flavor of the wheat berry in the flour and the natural liveliness of the .flour in the dough is preserved by a. reduction in the amount of handling of the flour stock. It

known that the oxidation of the flour oil deprives the flour of flavor as well as strength. The more handling the flour undergoes the more the oil is oxidized, and, consequently, the less flavor it has, and the less livelier it is in working up into dough. According to,

the organization of the British Letters Patent the entire product of the first break-rolls is conveyed to the rotary scalper arranged interiorly of the first centrifugal dresser and thetailings from thatscalper have to be carried again out of the scalper to the second pair of break-rolls. This objectionable handling of the flour, with its resulting detractions from the flavor and liveliness of the flour, is avoided by my present invention, according to which the tailings from the vibratory scalper sieve fall and are immediately guided to the second pair of break-rolls.

Another important object of the invention is to-separate the bran as a finished product,

as quickly as possible, to avoid the probabilityof'bran dust or bran particles passing off with the flour and imparting an undesirable dark color to the latter as a mass. Therefore, the tailings from the sieve scalpel 7, after having been delivered directly to the second pair of break rolls 27, 2S, and subjected to the action thereof, are taken immediately by the conveyer 36 into the centrifugal dresser 25 where the flour dresses through as a finished -product and goes to the conveyer 30 before mentioned. The product which is thus conveyed to this centrifugal dresser 25 has undergone'the action of two pairs of-break rolls and comprisespart flour, part bran, and part material which has to be further reduced; As before stated, it is desirable to deliver this finished product, bran, as quickly as possible. I, therefore, at the finishing end of this centrifugal provide a cut-off 16 which, .as shown, consists of a covering for the dresser frame of coarser mesh than that through which the flour is dressed. This cut-off is surrounded by a casing 69 which, as shown in Fig. 3, is in communication with the conveyer 32. The bran in the centrifu al 25 does not pass through the material 0 this cut-off, but passes from the dresser as a finished product and is spouted 'dlingshas thus been obtained.

At this point it is well to refer to the seconddistinct departure from what is disclosed in my British patent of 1904' before referred to. In that patent the product of the second break rolls passes into a double centrifugal, having an interiorly arranged rotary scalper by which the bran is separated out; whereas according to the present invention in this second centrifugal the first action is to sift out the finished product, flour, and at the tail or finishing end there is a scalper which operates to separate the middlings from the bran. The former go to the first reduction rolls and the latter is spouted off as a finished product. The material which passes'through the cut-off or scalper 16 is delivered immediately to the conveyer 32 and forthis purpose the dresser is provided with a brush 51 which sweeps the material out of the casing 69 into the conveyor. The difference/in construction, arrangement and mode of operation just described is very materially important in respect of the character of the flour product, for, again comparing the arrangement with that of m aforesaid British Letters Patent of 1904,

it will be observed that in the Britishpatent the products of the second break-rolls are subjected to the severe action of the rotary scalper arranged interiorly of the second centrifugal dresser, and, immediately, the

throughs of this rotary scalperare subjected to another severe beating in the centrifugal dresser, which mode of operation presents just the same .difliculties as have hereinbefore been referred to in respect of the action in the first combined rotary scalper and centrifugal dresser of the British patent. That is to say, the branny and dust particles are broken upby attrition and contaminate the fiour. In contradistinction, according -to the present arrangement, the products of the second break-rolls'pass into the centrifugal dresser Without being first subjected to the severe action of the rotary v scalper, and the flour sifts through this dresser with the least chance for contamination by the branny particles, and at the finishing end of this dresser there is the scalper or cut off which separates the bran, as a finished product, and the middlings, which are to go to the first reduction rolls. The material which passes through the cutoff or scalper at the finishing end of the second centrlfugal dresser is now substantially like, and in substantially the same condition, "as the tailings from the dresser 9 which had passed through the sieve 7, and constitutes the tailings of the first centrifugal 9, and is in condition for further reduction. Therefore, I have provided a chute 31, see Fig. 3, which conveys the tailings from the centrifugal 9 into the conveyer32 to which the material that has passed through the cut-off 16 is delivered, and the conveyer delivers the middlings to the first pair of reduction rolls 40, 41. When acted upon by these reduction rolls, the product contains a sufficient amount of free'. ofi'al to make it desirable to deliver the latter as a finished product. It is taken by the conveyer 42 and delivered into the centrifugal 45 which is similar to 25, having a like cut-off 16 inclosed by a similar casing 69. The flour is dressed through this centrifugal and goes as a finishedproduct to the conveyer 30.. The offal, which does not pass through the cut-off fabric, is delivered from the "centrifugal andspouted off to a suitable place of deposit. The middlings, which pass through the cut-off are taken by means of the conveyer 34 and delivered to an elevator 46 which discharges the material into the sec-- ond pair of reductionrolls, which, according to the organization of machine shown, are the final reduction rolls. The material after having been reduced by these rolls is passed through a final dresser 54, the flour being dressed out and the residue delivered as a finished ofial product.

Aside from the advantages in the mode of operation, and the improvement in the product resulting therefrom, which characterizes the arrangement of the first breakpossible-means of readily cleaning the wire covering of said interiorly arranged rotary scalperthat got choked up and did not dress out well. All these several objections are entirely avoided by the arrangement of the vibratory scalper in an accessible place immediately below the first break-rolls, and the elimination .of the objectionably acting and practically inaccessible. rotary scalper of-the British patent, which the miller could not readily get at to deal with.

The several operative parts may be mounted and driven as shown in the drawing. The feed roll 1 is shown as drivenby means of a belt and the pulleys 2 and 3 from the shaft 4 of the fixed first break roll 5. The centrifugal dresser 9 is supported at one end in. a bearing 10 and at the other end on the worm shaft 11. This worm; shaft is driven by a spur wheel 12 from the ur wheel 13 secured to the roll shaft 4, an to the shaft 11 are secured the feeders of the centrifugal dresser 9. The ends of the centrifugal dresser 9 consists of a casing 140 and 141, the frame thereof being formed of metal bars covered with silk or wire in the usual" way. This centrifugal 9 is driven by means of the spur wheel 33 and the idle pinion 23 from the spur wheel 24, which latter is secured to the centrifugal 25. The

conveyer 36- is driven by spur wheels 37 and 38 from the shaft 57, which is the main driving shaft of the machine.

The ends of the centrifugal 25 consist of castings 20, '21, the frame thereof being formed with metal bars covered with silk or wire in the usual wa provided with a bearing 18 to support the shaft 36.

The two pairs of reduction rolls are fitted with automatic feeds consisting of two inclined boards, one of which 70 is fixed, and

the other, 71, hinged at.72, the bottom edges 'of the boards being maintained in contact by means of a spring 73 until sufiicient weight of stock has accumulated between the boards to overcome the pressure of the spring and allow the stock to fall in a thin sheet uniformly along the rolls.

The fixed reduction rolls vare provided The casting2l is with scrapers 55, it having been found in practice that one scraper is sufiicient to keep both the fixed and the adjustable roll free, from ground stock.

The apparatus is driven from any convenient source of power by means of a belt passing over the pulley 56 on the shaft 57. On the shaft 57 is a pulley 92 wide enough to take three belts 58, 59 and 60, of -which the belt 58 drives the first break rolls, the belt 59 drives the firstreduction rolls, and the belt 60 drivesthe second reduction rolls.

The vibrating boards 29 and 39 below the two upper centrifugals are boards hung on hinges 68, whichboards are lifted and lowered once per revolution of the centrifugal cylinders by means of cams 69 secured to the inlet or outlet ends of the same.

By this invention a complete automatic flour mill is contained in one machine and the material being made into flour or meal is not touched by hand from the time it falls into the feeding hopper till it is sacked off as flour, bran and ofi'al.

For convenience of transport the apparatus may be made in such a manner that the frames are as light as possible and are connected by braces or tie bars when the machine is 'erected;- for the same reason the shafts connecting the rolls to the dressing portion of the apparatus may be made in two pieces which engage with each other by means of square projections 68, on the roller portion of the shafts, which engage with similarly shaped recesses in the dressing portion of the worm shafts, these shafts being supported in bearings 63 secured to the worm casing by the bracket 64. Or the two portions of the worm shafts may be connected together by means of sleeve couplings made in halves bolted together, the shafts being provided with sunk keys which engage with key-ways in the couplings. The worm is continued on the outside of the couplings.

The portions 61 of the worm troughs 50, which convey the stock to the centrifugals, are fixed to the frame which supports the rollers, while the portion 66 of the worm troughs are formed integral with the heads of the centrifugals and rotate therewith.

65 is a collar to prevent esca e of dust. I

67 is a fan to remove dust rom the machine and to keep all cool. a

Having thus described the invention what is claimed is,-

' 1. In a self-contained flour mill, the combination of a casing, a plurality of pairs of break-rolls, a plurality of reduction rolls in the casing below the break-rolls, a scalping sieve below the first pair of break-rolls, means for guiding tailings from said scalper to the second pair of break-rolls, a centrifugal dresser, means for delivering the matethe casing below the break-rolls, a scalping sieve below the first pair of break-rolls,

means for guiding tailings from said scalper to the second pair of break-rolls, a centrifugal dresser, means for delivering the material passing through the scalper sievethereto, a second centrifugal dresser for the stock from the second pair of break-rolls, provided at; its finishing end with a scalper, means for delivering the product of the second pair of break rolls to said second centrifugal dresser, means for delivering the tailings of the first centrifugal dresser and the material passing through the scalper at the finishing end of the second centrlfugal dresser to the first pair of reduction rolls, another centrifugal dresser provided with a cut-off, for dressing the product of the first reduction rolls, means for delivering the stock passing through the cut-off portion of said last-mentioned centrifu al" dresser to the second reduction rolls, an a centrifugal dresser for the product of second reduction rolls.

ALFRED RISHWORTH TATTERSALL, Witnesses:

- HARRY G. ELMER,

T. E. HALroR'n.

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