US1028365A

US1028365A - Carbonating apparatus.

Info

Publication number: US1028365A
Application number: US58092310A
Authority: US
Inventors: Alphonso L Koenig
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1910-09-07
Filing date: 1910-09-07
Publication date: 1912-06-04
Anticipated expiration: 1929-06-04

Description

A. L. KOENIG.

GARBONATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 7, 1910.

Patented June 4, 1912.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

INVENTOR WITNESSES:

A TTORNE Y A. L. KOENIG. GARBONATING APPARATUS. APPLIOATIOIj FILED SEPT. v, 1910.

Patented June 4, 1912.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

INVENTOR WITNESSES:

A TTORNE Y ALPHONSQ L. KOENIG, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

' CARBONATING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 4, 1912.

Application filed September 7, 1910. Serial No. 580,923.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALPHoNso L. KOENIG,

a subject of the Emperor of Austria-Huntaining vessel automatically as other, previously carbonated, liquid is dispensed from said vessel.

In the accompanying. drawings, Figure 1 is a broken side view of the apparatus; Fig. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal section of the gas receiving chamber; Fig. 3 is an enlar ed iorizontal section of the apparatus taken above the valve chest; Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section on the line 4'4 of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a vertical section of the lower portion of the apparatus taken in a plane at right angles to that of Fig. 4, the foot plate bemg depressed, the upper portionof the section through the valve chest being taken through the discharge spout; Fig. 6 is a similar section taken through the gas and liquid supply valves, the foot plate being raised; Fig. 7 is a broken bottom plan view of the rubber disk; Fig. 8 is a broken top plan view thereof, in an unstretched condition Fig. 9 is a similar view of the same in the stretched condition, as sho-wnin Fig. 6; Fig. 10 is a section on the line 1010 of Fig. 8; Fig. 11 is a section on the line 11-11 of Fig. 8; Fig. 12 is a section on the line 12- 12 of Fig. 9.

Referring to the drawing, 1 indicates a receptacle in general of a cylindrical form, substantially closed at the top, the lower end being open and flaring downwardly, as shown at 2, and terminating in a cylindrical base 3. Said base is formed with an internal downwardly facing annular shoulder 4 against which rests the edge of a circular perforated disk 5 of rubber. The character of these perforations will be hereinafter more particularly described. At present it is suflicient to say that the compressed gas is pressed upward through the perforations in the disk and is thus caused to enter the liquid above the disk in very minute streams, thereby thoroughly carbonating the liquid. Said disk is secured in place by a metal disk 6, which in turn is secured by a plug 7, screwed, as shown at 8, into the extreme lower end of said'base, the joint between the disk 6 and the base being made air and water tight by a rubber gasket 9, beneath which gasket is a metal washer 10 against which presses the plug 7. Said rubber disk 5 is supported against upward pressure by a support 11, consisting of

concentric rings

12 and 13, 14 and 15, which are in turn supported by cross members .16 and radial members 17. The center of the rubber disk is supported by a downwardly extending stud 18.- The cross and radial members are supported against upward pressure by their beveled outer ends 19 resting against the flaring portion 2 ofthe receptacle.

Formed in one piece with the base is a valve chest 20 having therein a liquid supply chamber 21, closed by a cap 22, and supplied with liquid through a conduit 23, from a pipe 24, having a check valve 49 therein, said supply chamber being connected with the interior of the receptacle above the rubber disk by a conduit 25, and controlled by a valve 26 adapted to seat upon a valve seat 27 said valve being pressed toward said seat by a spring 28. The valve chest is also formed with a compressed gas chamber 30, supplied with gas by a conduit 31 from a compressed gas pipe 32, and connected with the interior of the receptacle below said rubber disk by a conduit 33 formed in the chest and connected with a conduit 34 forn'ied in the metal disk 6, and having separate openings 35. The concentric rings 14 and 15 and the stud 18 are of less depth than the

concentric rings

12 and 14, and the annular shoulder 4, and, in consequence, when sufficient gaseous pressure 1s applied to the under side of said rubber disk 5, said disk within the concentric ring 12, andbetween said ring 12 and the ring 13, and between the ring 13 and the annular shoulder 4 is raised, until its'upper surface impinges against the stud 18 and the lower edges of the rings 14 and 15. It thus forms three concentric annular gas chambers, and it is within these chambers that the open: ings 35 respectively enter. The passage of the gas into said conduit 33 is controlled by a valve 36 adapted to seat upon a valve seat 37 and pressed toward said seat by a spring 38. The

valves

26 and 36 are secured respectively to valve .stems 39 and 40, which are normally pressed upward, so as to hold said valves from said seats, by a foot plate 41 beneath the valve chest and connected to a vertical stem 42 passing through the valve chest, the upper end of the stem being supplied with a handle 43. Said foot plate is also connected to two stems 44, which pass through said valve chest, and carry thereon a disk 45, there being interposed between said valve chest and disk springs 46, the strength of which is greaterthan the cornbined strength of the springs 28 and 38, so that said stems are normally pressed upward, and the valves are normally raised from their seats. However, when the handle is depressed by the operator, overcoming the excess pressure of the springs 46, then said springs 28 and 38 depress the

valves

26, 36,,on to their seats, and close the commifnications between the liquid and gas su plies and the interior of the receptacle. t is very desirable to permlt of the escape of the compressed gas from beneath the rubber disk before discharging the liquid from the receptacle. This gas is at a very high pressure, as 100 pounds,- and, therefore, if not released, before the pressure in the main portion of the receptacle is reduced to, say, 2 pounds, there will be a great strain upon the rubber disk and the parts supporting the same. For this reason I adopt the following construction. The valve stem 40 for the gas supply conduitis formed with a longitudinal conduit 47, opening at-its upper end in. the side of said stem and at its lower end inthe end of said stem, and, when the valve 36 of said stem is depressed to its seat, the upper end of said conduit 47 is in register with the conduit 33; When the handle 43 is depressed lower than required to permit the resting of the valve 36, the foot plate is also depressed to such an ex tent, that, after the valve 36 is closed, and the stem 40 can no longer descend, said foot plate is out of contact with said stem 40, and

compressed gas can escape by said conduit 33 from the end of said stem. A valve seat 48 of rubber maintains said conduit closed in the normal position of said stem.

' In order to replace the volume of liquid that is drawn from the receptacle, it is absolutely necessary to reduce or remove from the top of the receptacle the accumulated gas under high ressure. Therefore I employ the following construction. On depressing the handle 43, the disk 45 is adapted to engage the upper end of a valve stem .50 passing through a stufling box 51 in the valve chest and connected with its lower end with a valve 52 which s'eats upwardly upon a seat 53, being pressed upward to its seat by a spring 54 engaged by a cap 55, screwed valve chest and connected at its inner end with a pipe 59 within the receptacle and leading to the top of said receptacle. The depression of the handle, therefore, by depressing said valve from its seat, permitscompressed gas, which may have accumulated in the top of the receptacle 1, to escape therefrom into said chamber 57. However, in order to prevent entrance at any time of atmospheric air into the receptacle, I do not, as has heretofore been the custom permit said gas to escape intothe atmosphere. With this object'in view I adopt the following construction.

The chamber 57 connects with a short pipe 62 upon which is connected the end of a hose 63 which is connected at its other end to a short pipe 64 leading into the end of a cylindrical vessel 65 open at the other end.

Fitting closely'in said vessel and sliding ingnormally pressed against the end of saidcasing by a spring 73 between the outer end of said casing and a foot 74 on said stem. In saidvessel 65 is a rubber bag 75, the wall of which has two openings on opposite sides,

in one of which is secured the end of the short pipe 64 connected with the hose 63, the other being secured to the casing 67, the wall of said'bag being secured between said casing and head. Upon depressing the handle 43, and thus operating the valve 52, the carbonic acid gas from the top of the receptacle 1 passes by said valve 52 and hose 63 into the bag 75 and thus expands said bag. When the bag is fully expanded, the foot 74 of the valve stem impinges against an arm 76 secured upon the side of the vessel 65, and when the pressure in the bag exceeds the pressure of the spring 73, the arm 76 presses upon the foot 74 of the valve stem and opens said'valve 71, allowing the gas to escape through the apertures 69 whereupon the bag immediately collapses to an extent suflicient to withdraw the foot 74 from said arm 76, and close the valve 71, so 1 86. Immediately therefore, after the com-' pressed gas has been exhausted from the upper end of the receptacle and a pressure of about two pounds is left in said receptacle the liquid is permitted to flow through said discharge pipe 85.

It might be possible,.by depressing the handle 43, very rapidly, that the valve 82 opening the discharge conduit would be opened before the pressure in the carbonator had dropped from a very high pressure, say, of 100 pounds, to a pressureof only two pounds, as determined by the pressure of the spring 73. If said handle is operatedslowly, the compressed gas will'escape with such rapidity that this could not be the case, but, if operated very rapidly could not so escape, and in consequence the liquid would rush out with great violence. To prevent this I provide a valve 99 having a valve stem 91 passing through an apertured wall 93 and pressed out'by a spring 94, said valve 99 being adapted to close the end of the conduit 85. This spring is strong enough to overcome a pressure of two pounds in the liquid, but, if the pressure in the liquid be greater than two pounds, the valve will be maintained closed upon its seat and the liquid cannot escape.

From the above description the mode of operation of the several valves will be readily understood. On the first part of the downward movement of the handle, the foot plate 41 will leave the ends of the stems 39, 40, and the

valves

26 and 36 controlling the water and gas supply will be automatically closed by the springs 28 and 38.

Upon a further movement of the handle the foot plate will leave'the end of the stem 40 and thereupon the gas will escape from below I the rubber disk '5. Immediately thereafter the disk descendsupon the top of the stein 50, opening the-valve'52 and allowing the compressed gas to flow into the rubber-bag and to escape from said bag if the pressure exceeds about two pounds; The pressure in the main body of the receptacle is now reduced to about two pounds, and upon further descent of .the handle, the assage to the discharge spout is opened, permitting the liquid to flow by pressure of the rubber bag. As the liquid is drawn off through said dispensing spout, its place is supplied by the carbonic acid gas which is stored up in the bag under pressure, and which returns into the upper portion of the receptacle by the pipe 59. However, if'it be desired to discharge a stream of liquid under great prespressure above the disk.

sure, a siphon 95 is provided depending from the top of the receptacle and connecting with a siphon discharge pipe 90 at said top.

The rubber disk is formed with numerous minute holes 97. The carbonic acid gas passing through said holes is thoroughly sub-divided and permeates the liquid above said holes. An important feature of the invention consists in the form of these holes. Said holes taper downward when the rubber disk is subjected to upward pressure for the following reason. The carbonation of water cannot be effected by passing the gas through minute holes in a disk unless the pressure'below the disk is only very slightly, say one-ha1f of a pound, in excess of the The reason for this is that the gas on passing through the minute hole, immediately expands if arriving at a region of considerably lower pressure, and then the bubble of gas becomes too large to carbonate the water, ascending too rapidly to the surface of the water. It is only when the pressure on the two sides of the disk are very nearly equal, so that the gas does not expand materially on arriving at the upper side of the disk, that the resistance of the water to the passage upward of the gas is sufficient to cause said water to be carbonated Since in order to effectively carbonate the water the carbon dioxid gas must be supplied to the carbonator under a very small difference in pressure, we encounter the difi'iculty that, if the holes through which the gas enters are sufliciently minute to furnish the gas in bubbles which will not rise too rapidly to the surface of the water, they are also so minute that the gas will enter the carbonator very slowly. But it is import-ant for commercial purposes that the water in the carbonator should be recarbonated quickly after a portion has been withdrawn therefrom; With minute holes of the ordinary form having parallel sides gas does not enter quickly because the pres sure causing the'gas to enter is almost balanced by the friction against said sides. I avoid this difliculty by making said holes expanding upward. By so doing the gas, af-

ter passing the bottom of the hole, does not come in contact with its sides. -Therefore the pressure forcing the gas into the water, is only that required to cause the gas to pass the entrance to said hole and not to force it along the sides of said hole. Having once passed the entrance it does not come in contact with the walls of the hole but immediately passes into the water. There is therefore no chance-for it' to cling to the rubber l until a large bubble is formed. Consequently the water can be quickly carbonated.

When the rubber disk is not under pressure, the holes 97 are mere taper cuts made downward in the rubber by a thin knife, ta-

pering from the upper portion to the point. The lengthwise direction of the cuts is along circular lines concentric with the

rings

12, 13, 14, 15. The cut made by such a knife correspondingly tapers, but is closed by the rubber, unless the disk is stretched. When the rubber disk is pressed upwardly, as shown in Fig. 6, then, since the rubber stretches only in direct-ions extending radially from the center of the disk, the upper ends of said cuts expand in a direction transverse to said circles more than do the lower ends, so that said cuts thenbecome downwardly tapering holes.

An important feature ofthe invention is that the base of the receptacle, immediately above the perforated rubber disk, converges upward. For this reason the particles of gas passing through the rubber disk are caused to converge and therefore to more thoroughly permeate and carbonate the liquid In order to permit the tube 59 to pass to the conduit 58 the outer ring 15 is cut away on the under side, as shown at 100 and since this removal of a portion of the ring tends to unduly weaken the same, said ring is extended, upwardly between adjacent radial and cross members, as shown at 101 in Figs. 5 and 6 to come in cont-act with the flaring portion of the base to be supported thereby.

I claim 1. In a carbonator, a'receptacle, means for supplying liquid to said receptacle, a rubber perforated partition closing said receptacle, and means for passing compressed gas through said perforations into said receptacle, said perforations being of greater size at the gas outlet than at the gas inlet, substantially as described.

2. In a carbonator, the combination of a receptacle for the liquid, means for admitting into said receptacle minute streams of compressed gas, consisting of perforated rubber, the perforations being larger at the gas outlet than at the inlet, and means for supplying compressed gas to' said inlet ends, substantially as described' I 3. The combination of a liquid receptacle, a rubber disk closing the bottom of said receptacle, means for admitting liquid to said receptacle, and means for admitting compressed gas below said rubber disk, said rubber disk being formed with perforations larger at the upper endthan at the lower, substantially as described.

4. The combination of a receptacle having a. flaring lower portion, a perforated rubber disk secured insaid lower portion, a support above said disk, the upper portion of said support abutting, against said flaring portion, means for admitting liquid 'to said receptacle above said disk, and means for admitting compressed gas to the lower side .of said disk, substantially as described.

5. The combination of a liquid receptacle, a perforated rubber disk closing the bottom of said receptacle, and a support for the upper side of said disk comprising concentric rings alternating in depth, means for supplying liquid to said receptacle above said disk andmeans for supplying compressed gas below said disk, sald means having a series of outlets corresponding to the several concentric rings of less depth, sub stantially as described. Y

6. The combination of a liquid receptacle flaring at the bottom, a perforated rubber disk closing the bottom of said receptacle, a support for said disk comprising concentric rings, cross pieces above said rings, the outer ends of said cross pieces being beveled to rest against said flaring portion, means for supplying liquid to said rece tacle above said disk, and means for'suppying compressed gas below said disk, substantially as described.

7. The combination of a liquid receptacle flaring at the bottom, a perforatedrubber rings, the outer ends of said cross pieces being beveled to rest against said flarlng portion, means for supplying liquid to said receptacle above said disk, and means for supplying compressed gas below said disk,

substantially as described.

8. A carbonator having a vent pipe for the carbonic acid gas leading from the upper portion thereof, and an elastic bag connected to said vent pipe, said carbonator having a discharge outlet, a valve for controlling said outlet, a valve for controlling the passage of gas through the vent pipe, and unitary .means for opening both of said valves in a single operation, substantially as described.

9. A carbonator having a vent pipe leading from the upper portlon thereof, a Valve controlling said vent pipe, an elasticbag'connected with said vent pipe through said valve, a valve for opening. said elastic bag to the atmosphere, and means for opening said valve when the gas in said bag contains a predetermined degree of pressure, substantially as described. 7

10. In combination with a carbonator, an expansible receptacle for the carbonic acid gas from said carbonator, a connection from said receptacle to the top of the carbonator, a valve'controllmg said connection, a discharge outlet for the carbonator, a valve forsaid receptacleto the top of the carbonator,

controlling the same, and unitary means for a valve for controlling the passage from the carbonator to the receptacle, a valve for dis charging the liquid from the receptacle, and means for automatically actuating said first valve before the second, substantially as described.

12. In combination with a carbonator, an expansible receptacle for the carbonic acid gas from said carbonator, and a connection from said receptacle to the top of the carbonator, and an escape valve from said receptacle to the atmosphere opening automatically when said receptacle attains a predetermined size, substantially as described.

13. The combination of a receptacle, a perforated rubber disk closing said receptacle, means for admitting liquid to said receptacle, means for admitting compressed gas to the outer side of said disk, and means for automatically closing the liquid and gas supply and permitting the escape into the atmosphere of as on the outer side of said disk, substantially as described.

14. The combination of a receptacle for containing carbonated liquid, means for re- 7 leasing the carbonic acid gas from the upper portion of said receptacle, a discharge conduit for the liquid, a valve for controlling said discharge conduit, and means operated by the pressure in the receptacle for automatically maintaining said valve closed when said pressure exceeds a predetermined degree, substantially as described.

15. The combination of a receptacle for carbonated liquid, means for releasing the carbonic acid gas from the upper portion of p the receptacle, a discharge conduit for the liquid, a valve for controlling said conduit,

a valve adapted to be actuated by the pressure in the receptacle to close sald'conduit, and a spring 'for opposing said motion of said latter valve, substantially as described.-

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

'ALPHONSO L. KOENIG.

Witnesses:

' FRANCIS W. WRIGHT,

D. B. RICHARDS.