US1027841A

US1027841A - Fluid-compressor.

Info

Publication number: US1027841A
Authority: US
Inventors: Harry D Hildebrand
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1911-08-07
Filing date: 1911-08-07
Publication date: 1912-05-28
Anticipated expiration: 1929-05-28

Description

H. D. HILDEBRAND. FLUID COMPRESSOR.

APPLICATION II-LED AUG. 7, 1911.

Patented May 28, 1912.

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' FLUID COMPRESSOR.

.APPLIOATION FILED AUG. 7, 1911.

1,027,841 v Patented May 28, 1912.

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HARRY I HILDEBRAND, 0F PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA.

FLUID-COMPRESSOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 28,191g.

Application filed August 7, 1 11. serm No. 642,656.

'nprovements the following is a specification. 7

It is the present practice to arrange the valves bothinlet and outlet in the head of the compressor cylinder,-a nd although the valve area is made has been found impossible to completely fill the space between the head of the cylinder and the piston during the intake periods,

espeoiallywhen the piston is moving at its highest rate. Similar difficulty as regards a free full discharge of. fluid is experienced in the discharge of the air, the pressure in the cylinder rising above normalat or near stroke. a

The invention'described herein has for its object the provision of a larger valve area and preferably one that will increase progressively with the movement of the piston.

The invention is hereinafter more fully described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a sectional elevation ota compressor having my improvement applied thereto; Fig. 2 is a sectional view of one end of the cylinder on an enlarged scale, showing the inlet and out let valves in section; Fig. 3 is a transverse section on a plane indicated by the line IIIIII Fig. 1;'and Fig. 4 isa view similar to Fig. 2 of a modification of my im- VVith an exception hereinafter noted, it has been the practice to arrange the inlet and outlet valves in the heads of the compressor, half of these valves being inlet and lialf outlet.

As the inlet and outlet areas were found to be too small the cy-iinder heads have been made dome shaped and conical so that a larger number of v lves could be employed and in order to avoid eiearance the ends of the piston were corre spondingly shaped. As the efliciency of the modern steam or gas engine is very largely proportional to the rate of movement of the piston, modern practice demands compressors that can be operated at high speeds. But when the rate is thus increased, it is found that the present valve area is too as large as practicable, it

vided with a stem maintain approximately small to prevent a drop of pressure below atmospheric as the piston attains its highest rate. and a rise above the pressure desired, during the discharge period. In order to overcome this lack of receivingand discharging capacity, inlet or outlet valves, or

both inlet and outlet valves are arranged at points intermediate of the ends of the movements of the pistonso that said valves or the ports controlled piston and covered discharge movement.

In the'construction shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the heads 1 of the cylinder 2 are made conical and in these-heads are mounted valve mechanisms controlling the inlet ports 3 by the valves, will be un-- covered during the intake movement of they by the compressing and connecting the supply passage 4' with the interior of cylinder, and outlet ports 5 connecting the cylinder with the receiving chamber 6. The mechanism controlling the inlet pprts3 may be, of any suitable construction, as for example, sistingof pressure within the .cylinder. This valve is provided with a stem 8 extending outwardly through a shell 9 and having at its outer end an adjustable abutment or bearing 10 for one end of the closing spring 11, the .o'pposite end thereof bearing able shoulder-12 in'th'e shell 9.

The mechanism discharge ports 5 may be of any suitable construction, as for example, that shown. This mechanism consists of a tubular body 13 extending through the outerwall of the receiving chamber 6, and a valve 14 pro- 15 extending into the tubular body which servesjas a guide for the valve. This valve is seated against pressure in the cylinder by a spring 16 interposed between shoulders in the stem or valve and the tubular guide.

Experience has shown that during the slow initial movement the end of the cylinder,

sufiicient pprt area can be provided in the cylinder head to atmospheric pres- In order to prevent a drop of pressure, or employing valves having a large range of movement, as the speed of the piston increases additional ports 17 are provided in the sides of :the cylmder.

sure in the cylinder.

It will be understood that if one'series o.'lf these parts will not permit a sufficient 111- flow of air that one or more additional series that shown, con: a valve 7 adapted to be seated by against a suitcontrolling the outlet or of the piston from controlled by any suitable valve mechanisms as forexample, the type herein shown and described. In order to prevent an abnormal increase of pressure during the compressing and discharge movements of the piston, one

or more series of outlet ports, 18, 18, etc.,'

are formed in the sides of the cylinder, said ports being cont-rolled by suitable valve mechanism preferably of the type shown and described. In thus increasing the portareas, it is possible to employ valve mechanisms having a comparatively small valve movement, thus avoiding the severe hammering action of the valves heretofore used, which were necessarily given a large movement to utilize the entire port area.

In the construction shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the heads 1 are formed with cylindrical extensions 19 which form the ends of the cylinder proper, and the ports for the inflow and discharge of the fluid are arranged in this extension.

In Fig. 4 is shown a construction having the side ports in the cylinder proper which may be provided with a flat head I.

I claim herein as my invention:

1. In an apparatus for compressing fluids, the combination of a cylinder, a piston and valve controlled ports located in the wall of the cylinder relative to the movement of the piston so as to be covered by the latter when at the end of its stroke and to be uncovered while the piston is intermediate the end of its stroke and point of maximum speec.

2. In an apparatus for compressing fluids, the combination of a cylinder, a piston and valve controlled ports locatedin the wall of the cylinder relative to the movement of the piston so as to be covered by the latter when at the end of its stroke and to be uncovered before the piston has attained maximum speed. a

In an apparatus for thecompression of fluids, the combination of a cylinder, a piston, and valve controlled ports, a portion' of said ports being adapted to be opened on the initial movement of the piston and a portion subsequent to such initial movement and the piston. v

4. In anapparatus for the compression of fluids, the combination of a cylinder, a piston, valve controlled ports arranged in the head of the cylinder,

ports arranged in the sides of the cylinder.

the latter being located at points relative to the movement of the piston that they will be covered by the piston when at the end of its stroke and uncovered prior to the piston attaining maximum speed.

5. In an apparatus for the compression of fluids, the combination of a cylinder, heads during the acceleration of the speed of and valve controlled provided with cylindrical portions forming the ends of the cylinder, a piston and valve controlled ports arranged in the ends and cylindrical extensions of the head.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

HARRY D. HILDEBRAND.

Witnesses ALICE A. TRILL, THOMAS JOYCE.