US1027162A - Non-consuming arc-lamp electrode. - Google Patents

Description

E. WBINTRAUB. NON-GONSUMING ARC LAMP ELECTRODE.

APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 16, 1910.

1,027, 1 62. Patented May 21, 1912.

Witnesses: Inventor 5 5 /%p/ Y Ezechiel W intraulg, fl'f a; IS Jlttor'nqg.

g UNITED QWENT OFFICE.

EZECHIEL WEINTRAUR OF LYNN, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIG-NOR '10 GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

NON -CONSU.' MIN G ARC-LAMP ELECTRODE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 21, 1912.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EzEoHmL VVEINTRAUB, a citizen of the United States, residing at Lynn, county of Essex, State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Non- Consuming Arc- Lanip Electrodes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to are lamp electrodes particularly adapted for use as the positive in cooperation with negative electrodes which yield up the necessary materials for producing luminous or flaming arcs.

It has been observed that the restlessness or wandering of the anode spot is aggravated in a flaming or luminous are by the continual condensation of are products upon the positive from the negative electrode. In fact this restlessness often becomes so pronounced that the are, assisted by the natural draft, climbs from the end surface onto the side of the electrode, thus causing an abnormal increase in arc length and are voltage and thereby resulting in a premature feeding operation. Such restlessness of the anode spot and consequent unsteadiness in arc length and voltage result in undue flickering and variations in the intensity of the light. Moreover, the deposits of are products upon the positive electrode are in some cases, especially in their cold state, of high resistance and thus impede the starting of the arc.

The object of this invention is to construct an electrode in which these inconveniences are eliminated, which I accomplish by providing an ordinary non-consuming anode with means for confining the arc to the end surface. This means may consist in shielding the inactive surface of the electrode with a non-conducting and highly refractory mantle, such'as a sheath of magnesium oxid, aluminum" oxid, zirc'oniumt oxid, or other like oxids.-

In the accompanying drawing my invention is shown as applied to an electrode used as the upper and positive in such a lamp as is described in United States Patent No. 913,209 to C. A. B. Halvorson, J12, as follows:

Figure l is a front view of a double ended non-consuming copper electrode. provided with my improvement, and showing a vertical section through one endot' the mantle; 2 is a front view of a modification of a similar electrode; and Fig. 3 is an end view of the electrode shown in Fig. 2.

Referring to the drawings by numerals, 1, 1 represent the ordinary wrought iron lateral supporting wings, secured to each other and to the copper portion 2 of the electrode, by screws, as shown.

In Fig. 1 an iron sleeve shrunk onto the copper rod 2 is shown in section at 3 and an oxid mantle 4 surrounds the body of the copper rod at its upper end, and also surrounds the whole length of the sleeve 3. The oxid sheath or mantle is so wide that a perceptible air space is left between it and the metal part of the electrode, as indicated in the drawing, and it is only held in position by the iron sleeve, upon the upper edge of which it rests with its inwardly projecting flange 5. The space between the metal body of the electrode and oxid sheath or mantle must be quite perceptible in order to allow for the expansion of the metal body under the heat to which it is subjected. If this provision was not made, the oxid sheath would promptly crack and drop away. The oxid sheath or mantle need be only of the required thickness to withstand the mechanical jolts incident to striking the arc, since its function is not to contribute to the are products of combustion; its thickness is therefore shown small in comparison with the diameter of the electrode. In assembling these parts, the oxid sheath is slipped over the copper rod first, after which the iron sleeve is securely shrunk on.

In the construction shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the iron sleeve is omit-ted, necessitating some other supporting means for the oxid sheath 4'. This supporting means consists in this case of an iron ring 6 secured by rivets, or in any convenient manner, to the wings 1 by the upwardly bent portions of the outwardly projecting arms 7, as shown. The sheath at is formed with an outwardly projecting flange 5 which rests upon the ring 6. Bothends of the copper rod are equally equipped, so that either end may be used. The non-conducting and refractory oxid sheath effectively shields the side surface of the electrode from the are and the arc deposits. By preference I use the oxid of nnignesium (n'iagnesia) in the construction of the sheath. and the latter may be manufactured as follows: llighly calcined, finely ground magnesium oxid is mixed either with an organic binder, such as tar or glucose, or with a magnesium chlorid solution. It is then pressed in a mold into the desired shape, dried at a low temperature, and then fired very slowly by gradually increasin the temperature. The sheath thus obtained may be further heated in an electric furnace until it becomes translucent. I

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is,-

l. A non-consuming arc lamp anode provided with a freely surrounding non-conducting sheath, of oxid of magnesium, the

2. A non-consuming arc lamp anode provided with an annular support therearound, and a non-conducting mantle resting upon said support and freely surrounding the anode.

3. A non-consumin are lamp anode having an iron sleeve s runk thereon, and a refractory oxid mantle resting upon the upper end of said sleeve and freely surrounding the anode.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this thirteenth day of June, 1910.

EZECHIEL WEINTRAUB.

\Vitnesses:

JOHN A. MoMANUs, J r., CHARLES A. BARNARD.

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