US1023795A - Shock-absorbing device. - Google Patents

Description

A. BACGHI.

SHOCK ABSORBING DEVICE.

PPLIGATIO'N Huma 001.21, 1911.

l,()23,?95. g Patented Apr. 23, 1912.

ABDENAGO BACCHI, 0F QUINCY, MASSACHUSETTS.

SHOCK-ABSORBING- DEVICE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 23, 1era.

Application led October 21, 1911. Serial No. 656,063.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, AnDnnAco BACCHI, a citizen of Argentina, residing at Quincy, lcounty of Norfolln. State of Massachusetts, have invented an Im rovement in Shock- ;Absorbing Devices, o which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawing, is a specication, like characters on the drawing representing like partev The object of this lnventlon 1s to provide a device for the prevention of sudden and absorb t-he shock resulting from the sudden' character of such relative movement, and

the invention is not to be limited to use in any particularvehicle or machine.

-The nature of the invention will appear more fully from the accompanying description and drawings, and will be particularly pointed out in the a pended claims.

The drawings il ustrate the preferred Vform of device embodying the invention.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side eleva'- tion of the device with the left hand portion shown chiefly in central vertical cross section. Fig.. EZ is an end elevationof the device. Fi 3 is view in horizontal cross section ot the central and right hand porvtions of the device enlarged. Fig. 4 is a detail chiefly in 'cross section of a modification of the-construction shown in Fig. 3.

The drawings do not illustrate in det-ail the two, parts which have the relative movement, because tlvese form no part of the invention.. If the device be used for automobiles 1 may be considered as a portion of fthe chassis, and 2 may represent the axle or a portion of the running gear'. These `elements 1 and 2 are, however, simply typical of two parts hat ing a relative movement toward and from eah other, and in connection with which. it is' desirable to absorb or ,diminish 'the 'shock due to a sudden relative movement.

The device of this invention comprises a pair of frame members adapted to be se-' cured respectively to the parts such as the l chassis and running gear'of an automobile,

having a relative movement toward and from each other. In the particular construction illustrated in the drawings one of these frame members is indicated at 3 and the other at 4. The one frame member, and in the form shown the lower one 4, is provided with a pair of tracks 5 and 6 adjustably connected at 7 and 8 by bolts thereto. These tracks' are secured together at their upper ends in any suitable manner, and diverge from` a point near their upper ends both upwardly and downwardly. The other, or upper frame member 3, Ahas its main portion consisting of a long tube extending transversely of the parallel tracks 5 and 6. The end sections 9 and 10 of t-he tube present unbroken, preferably cylindrical, walls, but the central section 11 is slotted vertically to allow the movement of the tracks 5 and 6 vertically therethrou h. A brace shown as an upwardly extending U shaped bracket 12 is secured at 13 and 14 to the upper side of the tubular portion of the member 3 near each end of the slotted central section.v

`A pair of oppositely disposed rolls are vmounted for transverse bodily movement toward and from each other in the frame member 3, and` in the construction shownthis is secured by mountin the rolls respectively on plungers carrie in the inclosed end sections of the tubular portion of the frame member 3. Each roll co-acts with the adjacent track 5 or 6,1 and isheld thereagainst by a powerful springjpressure'. In the construction shown powerful helical springs are provided, one for each plunger; but it is ynot essential that both `springs should be used, and either might be omitted if desired.

The roll 15 cooperating with the track 5 yis journaled in a head 16 connected to a plunger-rod 17. This plunger-rod 17 `is supported at its forward end in a piston -18 sliding in the tubular end section 9, while its rear end slides in a sleeve 19, which sleeve in turn slides in a cap 2O closing the endof the tubular section 9. A powerful helical` spring 21 surroundsithe plunger rod 17 and extends between the piston 1S'and i ing with the track 6 and the parts connected the plate Q2 resting against the inner'cnd` ot the sleeve 19. It will thus be seen t-hat when the sleeve 19 is forced inwardly the helical spring 21 will be compressed, thus` increasing the pressure tending to force the roll 1.7i against the track 5. A friction pawl Q23 is pivoted at 34 in the head 16 and held upwardly against the roll 15 byl a spring 95,so that the roll 415 may rotate ii'reel'iv when it rides down the track 5, but will be retarded in its rotation or held against rotation as it moves in the opposite direction, or upwardly.

The construction of the roll 26 coperattlierewith and by which itis operated Aare similar to those already describetheoinprisingithe head 27, the plunger-rod 28, helical spring 29, piston 30, cap 81, plate 32 and paw] 323. in the case of these parts, however. the plunger-rod Q8 instead ot' extending into a sleeve, extends at its vrearward end into the screw-threaded cap 31, and which sere\\"abuts against the plate 32.

T he screw extending through the cap 31 oi' the tubular end section 10 is as shown provided with threaded sections of ditt'erent pitch. that section toward the outer end of the screw being twice` the pitch of that section 35 entering the cap 31. A cross-head 3G is threaded upon the section. ll, and a similar crosshead is secured .to the lsleeve 19. and these crossheads are coni nected by parallel rods 37 and 3S. It will be seen, therefore, that it' theserew at the right hand end be turned by means ot' the hand' wheel 39 so as to move inwardly through the cap 31 and press the plate 39. toward the center, the movement of said sei-ew will at the same time through the agency ot` the erosshead 3G and connections to the opposite end of the frame, force the plate Q2 an equal distance toward the center. Thus both springs are rompressed and the positionfot' tht` two rolls 15 and 2G is maintained centrally of the frame.

In Fig. 4. a modification ot the above construction is shown, whereby the Same-result may be secured. ln this figure the seotion o t the screw extending through the rap :110 hasl no threads but is exteriorly smooth, while the section extending through the'eap Cit is threaded at 34, as in. the previous ease. In this construction, andassum ing that the two springs vare ot substantially the same resiliency, when the screw is turned by means of the hand wheel 39 the cross-head 3U will move toward the hand wheel `owing to its threaded connection with the screw, and the screw will slideI in through the cap, thus simultaneously pressing both springs, as in the. construction already described. -l'n either case a pointer arm fttlrmay he attached to the erosshead B6 andextend along a scale41. This scale may be marked to indicate in pounds or other units the degree to which the screw must be Aturned to correspond 'with the load carried vby vthe `member 1.

For example, if the device is employed in an automobile and tivo passengersare carried, the'screw may be turned until the pointer indicates the coin* biried weight of tliepassengers. If an additional passenger is carried, the screw is turned farther until the pointer indicates an amount equal'to the weight of the three Thus` by `the use ot this scale the `amount of )compression may readily be given to the springblto absorb the shock .due to the varying lo d. 1

The operation `of the device as thus far described will now be apparent. The screw is first adjusted to compressthe springsl and secure the required pressure, forcing the rolls toward each other. movement of the frameniember 3 toward the trame member 4; takes place, the rolls 5 and QG ridingr down the diverging tracks i3 and 6 compress the springs and labsorb the shock. Biitfars 4Q and 43 are provided onthe frame member 4' soI that in case o'fan Upon the return or recoil movement the friction pawls Q3 and 33 come into action,

Aandthe rollers slide upivfardly on the t acks 5T and G without rotatiijrigy and the friction of. this sliding movement' serves materiaily` to minimize the 4recoil movement.` The tracks 5 and Gfdiverging at their upper ends also servefto take care ot the recoil because the springs are again compressed as the rollers pass above theirnornial position.-

ln the construction thus illustrated and When a sudden described the friction pawls 23 and 33 serve 'place thereof, or in connection therewith,`

This

the dashpot construction illustrated.

lconstruction comprises a piston connected,

with one frame iiieinbci'.`sneh as the frame member 4, and a cylinder connected with the opposing frame member, such as 3. The cylinder 44 is shown as rigidly con net-.ted to the brace 12 and extending centrally between the tracks 5 and 6. The pisrecoil, but due to the movement. `ot` thev Either the 't'rieframe members together. I tion pawlor. the dash-pot constitutes means.

independent of themeans t'or yieldingly` re-v y `ton 45 is carried by a rod 4G connected at 47 Y tarding the separationnoi bodily movement,

of the rolls, 'for retardiiig the movement `spectively to parts havin of the frame members away from each other.

By varying the divergence 4of the tracks 5 and 6 vby changingthe proportions of piston and'cylinder by selecting the desired resilience of the springs,and ,by adjusting the compressing force qt the' springsby the hand screw, it is possible vto construct a shock absorbing devicembodying this invention adaptable to] almost any purpose, and one in which the shocks may be absorbed due to varying ,conditions of load or usage, so that the invention presents a device capable of a ve wide range of use, and capable of satisfying avery wide range of conditions.

The invention having been described, what is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent, is:

1. A shock absorber comprising a pair offrame members adapted to be secured rement toward' and from eac other, a pair of ,oppositely disposed rolls mounted for transverse bodily movement toward' and from eachother in the one frame member, means for yieldingly, retarding the bodily movement o fsaid rolls away from each other, a pair of. diverging tracks cooperating respectively with said rolls and carried by the other frame member, and means lfor holding .said rolls against rotation during the movement of the frame members away from each other and permitting their rotation at other times. l

2. A shock absorber-comprising a pair of frame, members adapted to be securedI respectively to parts having relative movement toward and from each other, a pair of oppositely disposed rolls mounted for transverse bodily movement toward and from eachother in the one frame member, springs acting to press said rolls toward each-other,

and means for simultaneously adjusting the compression of said springs without dis.

turbing the position of said rolls with respect to said frame, and a p air of diverging tracks cooperating respectlvely ,with said rolls and carried by the other frame member.

3. A shock absorber comprising a pair of frame members adapted to be secured re' spectively to parts havin relative movement toward and from eac other, a pair, of

oppositely disposed rolls mounted for transverse bodily movement toward and fromv each other in the one frame member, springs acting to press said rolls toward each other, means fonsimultaneously adjusting the compression of said springs without disturbing the position of said rolls with respect to said frame, a pair of diver-ging tracks coperat ing respectively with said rolls and carried by the other frame member, and means for holdingr the said rolls against rotation durrelative move;'

ing the movement of the frame members away fromeach other and permitting their rotation at other times. l s

4. A shock absorber comprising a pair of frame ymembers adapted to besecured retracksl coperating respectively with said.

rolls and carried by the other frame member.

sov relative to the frame, a pair of diverging 5, A shock absorber comprising a' pair of frame members adapted to be secured re specti-vely to parts having relative move- Tment toward and from eachother, a tubular section carried by the oneframe transversely thereof, a pair of oppositely disposed plungers sliding in said tubular section, a pair of rolls carried respectively by said plungers near the middle of said section, helical springs surrounding said plungers and acting to move said rolls toward each other, means for simultaneously compressing said springs without disturbing their position relative to the frame, a pair of divergin tracks coperatin ,respectively with sai rolls and carried by the other framemember, and means independent of the devices acting to retard ythe transverse movements of the said rolls for retardingfthe movement of said frame members away lfrom each other.

6. A shock absorber comprising-a pair of frame members adapted. to beA secured repectively fto parts having relative movementtoward and from each other, the one frame member present..ig a transverse tubular portlon comprlsing end sections and a vslotted central section, plungers mounted in each .end section and carrying at their adjacent ends rolls, a plate located in the outer ends of each tubular end section,v helical springs located in each tubular end section between the' said plate and the rollcarrying end of the plunger, a screw threaded into one end section'and bearing against one plate, said screw provided throughout its outer section with a thread of double the pitchof the pitch of that portionv entering the tubular end section, a crosshead threaded-on the outer threaded section of the said screw, a crosshead at the opposite tubular end section, a sleeve carrying said second crosshead and abutting against the other plate, rods 'connecting said crossheads whereby upon the turning of said screw thov Huid two platos are drawn together to In testimony whereof, have Signed my compress the springs simultaneously With name to this speciicatioh in the presence of l0 out disturbing tjhe position of the rolls with two subscribing Witnesses. respect to the rame, a pair of diverwing 5' frankie Cooperating `reapactively with usaid ABDENAGO BACCI-H' rolis and carried by the other fram@ mem- W'itnesses: her, said' trucks passing through the slotted ROBERT Gr. BOETTGHER,

tubular portion. HUGO WILKMDORR

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