US1022832A - Magneto for internal-combustion engines. - Google Patents

Description

A. DURBIN. MAGNETO FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES. APPLIOATION FILED IEB. 4, 1911.

' 1,022,832. Patented Apr. 9, 1912.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l. N

ATTORNEYS APPLICATION FILED FEB-4, 1911.

Patented Apr. 9, 1912.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

A7TORNEY8 views.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALFRED DURBIN, OF MOCQNNELSVILLE, OHIO.

- mnonn'ro FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

To all whomit may concern:

Be it known that I, ALFRED DURBIN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of McOonnelsville, in the county of Morgan and State of Ohio, have invented a new and Improved Magneto for Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to a magneto device to supply ignition current to ignite the charges in the cylinders of an internal combustio-n engine. The main parts'of the magneto are attached directly to the fly-wheel of the engine, and are operated thereby, and they include certain novel features of construct-ion, all of which will appear in the accompanying drawings and'be pointed out particularly in the claims appended hereto.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, in which the same characters of reference indicate the same parts in all the Figure 1 is a front view, partly in section, of my magneto and the fiy-wheel in which the same is mounted, the plane of section be ing indicated by the line 1 1 on Fig. 2; Fig.

2- is a vertical section taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1, part of the armature structure being shown in elevation; Fig. 3 is a completesection taken on thesame plane as Fig. 2;"

and Fig. 4 is a complete view of the connections .from'the magneto to the igniters.

In all the views I show a magneto for a' four-cylinder engine. 7

In practice I prefer to arrange my magneto Within the rim of the fiy-wheel of an engine, thus saving the space that would be occupied by a separate magneto, and housing the same efficiently by part of the engine structure. The magnet0 structure thus forms art of thefly-wheel, and the weight.

thereo is such that the fly-wheel itself can be made lighter than is ordinarily the case.

By incorporating themagneto with the flywheel structure and making the two no heavier "than'the-fly-wheel of the ordinary .ype, I am'enabled to save considerable ma terial, and this forms afurtheradvantage of my invention. v I

On the drawings, 1 indicates the rim of a flywheel having a disk 2. -This,dis k 2 is mounted upon an engine shaft .3, the said shaft having a fixed collar 2, which is has tened to the disk 'of the fiy-wheel by means of bolts 3. The fly-wheel carries a series of I Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed February 4, .1911.

.c'onductor's are passed.

Patented Apr. 9, 1912. Serial No. 606,511.

permanent magnets 4, which 'areinclosed by the rim of the fly-wheel. These magnets are held in place by means of bolts 5, of nonmagnetic material, and spaced a suitable distance fronrthe disk 2 of the fly-wheel by means of a bushing 6, also of nonmagnetic material. These magnets" 4 are ap proximately of horseshoe formand terminate in spaced pole-pieces 7. The magnets are eccent-rically arranged with respect to the shaft 3, and the pole-pieces- 7 are connected by means of counterweights .8, also of non-magnetic material, so that the structure of the magnets may be balanced on the shaft 3, as is required.

The numeral 9 indicates the protruding end of a bearin for the shaft 3, this-bearing projecting rom one side of the crankshaft casing. This casing I do not'deem' it 'necessary to show as the same may be the casing of a four-cycle engine of almost any type. On this hearing are mounted .two side plates 10, of non-magnetic material, these plates being shown 011 Fig. 1 The plates 10 have enlarged ends 10, and a reduced central portion between these enlarged ends, giving the plates a shape somewhat like the cross-sectional contour of'the ordinary shuttle-wound armature that is used in bipolar machines of this type. Between these plates are two armatures 11,- these armat'ures consisting of laminated stampings having cores 11. On these cores the generating coils are fixed, there being one set of generating coils for each armature, and each set consisting of a primary winding 12 and a secondary winding 13.

The armature structure thusifar described may be arranged on the bearing 9 in any suitable or deslred fashion, but I have shown it mounted on this bearing by means of a plate 14, which has a central hub or flange 15, this flange15 supporting both plates 10, which are suitably secured thereto. This plate 14 may be made of magnetic metal, or may be made of insulation, and it has apertures 13', through which the secondary The armature structure includes two separate circuit breakers, one for each of the primarycoils 12. These circuit breakers con- 3 sist of pivoted interrupter levers 16, mounted on pivots 16, which are supported by the end plates 10. These interrupter levers have contacts at their innerends which cooperate with fixed contacts 17, and are held 20 is a cam roller carried by the disk of the fly-wheel 2, so that as the flywheel rotates, the protruding ends of the interrupter levers 16 will be engaged in turn to cause their inner ends to move away from the fixed contacts 17, to break the primary circuit. The plate 14 may have hinged doors to give access to the circuit breakers.

As the fly-wheel with the magnets rotates, the circuit breakers will each be actuated about the instant the armature bearing the particular primary coil to which the circuit breaker is connected, lies in position to bridge the pole pieces 7, that is, the position of maximum induction. Each armature will bridge the pole pieces 7 in turn, so as to energize each of the secondaries 13 in succession.

To the plate 14 is an arm or lever 21, by means of which the spark is timed to correspond with the engine speed. The armature structure and the side plates being rig- .idly secured to the plate 14:, and the interrupters being mounted'upon the plate 10, it is only necessary to shift the plate in order to shift the armature structure itself, and thus vary the points at which the generating coils on the armature come into inductive relation with the pole pieces 7 of the magnets.

The connections are shown in detail on Fig. 4. Each of the primary windings 12 is short-circuited by the interrupter lever 16, and the fixed contact 17, which are bridged by condensers 18. These condensers are not shown in connection with the magneto but they may be arranged in any suitable position thereon, as between the plates 10. The secondary windings 13 are each connected to a pair of spark plugs P, in the four cylinders of an engine C. As shown, the members of one pair of spark plugs P are mounted in the end cylinders of the engine, and the members of the other pair of spark plugs P are mounted in the intermediate cylinders thereof. The members of each pair are connected in series, so that they both spark at once. piston of one cylinder is at the end of its compression stroke there is another cylinder in which the piston is at the end of the exhaust stroke; consequently, when the members of one pair of spark plugs, as shown on Fig. 4, spark together, one spark jumps in the cylinder in which there is a charge to be ignited, thus causing the piston in that cylinder to make a working stroke, while the spark from the other member of the said pair of plugs jumps in the cylinder in which IVhen the there is no mixture, because the piston has about reached the end of its exhaust stroke and is thus ineffective. By means of the above-described construct-ion, which employs two separate windings and four igniters arranged in pairs, I am enabled to dispense with the distributer which is usually employed on ignition magnetos, and I findthat the production of two sparks in series in the manner described necessitates but little extra prower. The reason is that the spark in the exhaust cylinder consumes but little energy, the greater amount of the energy of the current being expended in the cylinder in which there is a mixture under compression.

While I have shown and described my magneto as provided with high and low.

tension coils and jump-spark-plugs connected to the high tension coils, I wish it to be understood that I may employ low tension coils only, if desired, using in connection with the low tension coils, magnetic plugs of any well known or suitable type, or separate transformer coils.

While I have shown and described my magneto as being used in connection with a four-cycle engine, I may also use it on an engine of the twocycle type if desired. The slight alterations that would be required to adapt my system to a two-cycle engine couldbe made by anyone skilled in the art.

By using three armatures I can adapt my magneto to a G-cylinder, l-cycle engine in theabove manner.

I wish to have it understood that, while I have shown and described mechanical circuit breakers or timers supported by the plates 10, I may use magnetic interrupters or timers instead. These magnetic interrupters can, of course, be actuated by the currents generated in the primary coils in the usual way.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In an ignition system for gas engines, the combination of a fly-wheel, magnets mounted on the face of said fly-wheel and having pole pieces connected thereto, the said magnets being eccentrically mounted with respect to said fly-wheel, counterweights consisting of non-magnetic material, connecting said pole pieces and serving to balance said magnets, and an armature having generating coils thereon supported adjacent to said fly-wheel to cooperate with said magnets.

2. In an ignition system for gas engines, the combination of a fly-wheel, magnets mounted on said fly-wheel and rotatable therewith, said magnets having pole pieces located nearer to the axis of the flywheel than the body of said magnets, counterweights for balancing said magnets about the axis of the fly-wheel, and an armature having generatin coils thereon supported adjacent the fly-w eel to cooperate with said magnets.

3. In an ignition system for internal coman armature core having generating windings thereon located between said plates and supported by the same, and magnetic means operated by the engine for energizing the armature coils to generatean electro-motive force therein.

4. In. an ignition system-for internal combustion engines, the combination of a plate having a central hub or boss projecting therefrom, a pair of parallel plates mounted upon said boss and spaced from each other, an armature core having generating windings thereon located between said lates and supported by the same, a circuit reaker or timer mounted between said plates to control the circuit of said generating windings, and magnetic means operated b the engine for energizing the armature coi s to generate an electro-mot-ive force therein.

5. In an i 'tion system for internal combustion engines the -combination of a plate havin means for mounting the same upon a shalt operated by the engine, a pair of parallel plates supported by said first-named plate and spaced from each other, an armature core having generating windings thereon located between said parallel lates and supported by the same, a circuit reaker or timer mounted between said parallel plates to control the circuit of the generating windings, and magnetic means operated by the engine for energizing the armature coils to generate an electro-motive force therein.

6.- In an ignition system for internal combustion engines, the combination of an adjustable plate having means for mountin the same upon a shaft operated by sai engine, a pair of parallel plates supported by said first-named plate and spaced from each other, an armature core having generating windings thereon located between said parallel plates and supported by the same, a circuit breaker or timer mounted between said parallel plates to control the circuit of said generating windings, means for adjusting said first-named plate around said shaft,

and magnetic means operated by the engine to energize thearm'ature coils to generate an electro-motive force therein.

In testimony whereof I'have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ALFRED DURBIN.

Witnesses:

JNo. D. Ehwm, CHAS. H. Fours.

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