US1021558A - Hand-ratchet for drills, &c. - Google Patents

Description

o. J. soHoLLER. HAND RATCHET FOR DRILLS, 6m.

APPLIOATION FILED DEI. 30, 1907.

Patented Mar. 26, 1912.

Mmm@

ccLuMBlA PIANQGRAPM c0..wAsHlNa'roN. B.' c.

i containing a long UNITED sT ATEs PATENT oFFioE.

CHARLES J. sCrIOLLER, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK, AssIGNoR To THE KEYsToNE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, oF BUFFALO, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar.26',1912,

Application filed December 30, 1907. Serial No. 408,506.

To aZZ wiz-0m t may concern n Be it known that I, CHARLES J. SCHOLLER, a Citizen of the United States, residing at Buffalo, in the county of Erie and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Hand-Ratchets for Drills, &c., of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a hand ratchet which is more particularly designed for operating drills but which may also be used for other purposes.

The object of this invention is to produce a hand ratchet of this character at less cost than those heretofore in use without reducing the efficiency of the same and also enabling the parts to be assembled or dismembered more easily when making changes in the tool.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of a hand ratchet embodying my improvements, and feed device. Fig. Zis a horizontal section thereof in line 2 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1 but containing a short feed device. Fig. 4 is a detached top plan view of the socket for use with Morse taper drills. Fig. -is a vertical section of the same at right angles to Figs. 1 and 3 and showing a Morse taper drill in the same. Fig. 6 is a detached vertical section of the socket of my improved hand ratchet constructed to receive the square Shanks of bits or drill. Fig. 7 is a bottom plan view of the same.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views.

The stock of my improved hand ratchet is constructed the same as those heretofore in use and consists essentially of a head A having a bearing a, a hollow handle B eX- tending laterally from the head, and a pawl Z) movable lengthwise in the handle and adapted to be shifted by a spring c so that its front end projects inwardly beyond the bore of the bearing head.

D represents the socket which is journaled in the bearing a and provided on its periphery with an annular row of ratchet teeth Z which are adapted to be engaged by the pawl Z). When the hand ratchet is intended for operating a Morse taper drill a socket D is employed having a tapering seat e for receiving the shank E of the Morse taper drill, as shown in Figs. 1, 3 and 5. To

prevent this drill fromv turning in the socket the upper end of the socket is provided onA opposite sides of its seat with inwardly projecting anges f, f forming a Vslot between them which receives the flattened upper end g of the drill shank. When the hand ratchet is to be used for operating a bit having a square shank, a socket D1 is utilized having a square seat h, as shown in Figs. 6 and 7 for receiving such square shanks.

At its lower end the socket is provided with an external annular fiange or shoulder z' which engages with the front or underside of the stock head; At its upper end the socket is provided with an external screw thread J which receives a screw nut j engaging with the rear or upper side of the stock head. Extending upwardly and formed integrally with the screw nut is a feed sleeve. When a feed of considerable yextent is required, a nut J having a comparatively long feed sleeve K of this character 1s used, as shown in Fig. 1, but when working 1n vclose quarters in which only a .small feeding action is permissible a nut having a short sleeve K1 is used, as shown in Fig. 8.

The upper part Z of the bore of the feed sleeve is of comparatively small diameter and provided with an internal screw thread which receives a feed screw while the lower` unthreaded part Z1 of its bore is counter bored so as to be of larger diameter and provide clearance for the thread of the feed screw. lVhen the lon@ feed sleeve is used, a corresponding long lfeed screw M is used, as shown in Fig. 1, but when a short feed sleeve is used a corresponding short feed screw M1 is used, as .shown in Fig. 3. The

long feed screw is turned by means of a cylindrical handle m secured to the upper end of the same and inclosing the respective feed sleeve, as shown in Fig. 1, but the short feed screw is turned by placing a pin in one or another of a plurality of transverse openings n in the outer end of the short feed screw, as shown in Fig. 3.

Between the inner end of the large lower bore Z1 of the feed sleeve and the lower thread thereof the same has a downwardly facing shoulder 0 which overhangs the upper end of the socket, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3 but does not bear against the same and the lower end of the nut y' bears against a shoulder 01 on the socket, so as to limit the tightening of the nut and preventing clamping of the socket in the stock head. By thus clamping the screw nut by means of its shoulder 01 on the socket without clamping t-he stock head the parts can be very firmly connected and still permit the stock head to turn freely on t-he socket, and by providing the feed sleeve with the shoulder 0 which overhangs the upper end of the socket the feed sleeve may be reduced in diameter and thus avoid making the tool unduly heavy and bulky.

The kind of socket and feed screw to suit the bit or drill and the work on hand arr` assembled with the stock. In using the tool the bit or drill is placed against the surface to be drilled and the feed screw is placed against a suitable abutment which takes the thrust. As the drill advances in its work, the feed screw is backed up in the same measure so as to maintain the required pressure on the drill. After the drilling has been completed the drill may be ejected from the socket by retracting the feed screw until it engages the upper or rear end of the drill which projects above the socket and dislodges the same.

It will be noted that by the use of the above described parts it is possible to produce four combinations in the tool, viz: a Morse taper ratchet with long or short feed and a square bit or drill ratchet with a long or short feed, thereby avoiding the expense of having separate tools to suit different conditions.

In dismemberin or assembling the ratchet` for producing di erent combinations, it is only necessary to screw the nut on or off the socket which can be readily done by applying a wrench to the nut and holding the socket against turning by means of the pawl in the stock.

I claim as my invention:

A ratchet comprising a stock having a bearing head and a pawl, a socket journaled in said bearing head and having teeth on its periphery which are engaged by said pawl, a shoulder at its lower end engaging with the corresponding end of the bearing head, an external screw thread at its upper end, an upwardly facing shoulder which is Hush with the top of said head, and a seat extending axially through the socket from its upper to its lower end, the lower part of said seat being conical and the Lipper part thereof having the form of a slot; a feed sleeve having an integral screw nut at its lower end which engages the external thread of said socket and which engages with the top of the bearing head and the adjacent shoulder of the socket, and having` a threaded bore of comparatively small diameter at its rear end, and an unthreaded bore of larger diameter in front of the small bore and a shoulder which is arranged between the large bore and the screw nutand which engages the threaded end of said socket, and a feed screw arranged in the feed sleeve and working in the threaded small bore thereof, substantially as set forth.

fitness my hand this 9th day of December, 1907.

CHARLES J. SCHOLLER. Witnesses:

CHAS. A. HAIsT, THEO. L. PoPP.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

Images