US1021212A - Governing means for elastic-fluid turbines. - Google Patents

Description

R. H. RICE.

GOVERNING MEANS FOR ELASTIG FLUID TURBINES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT.Z0,1907.

rlajented Mar. 26, 1912.4

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.'

D5 m Wigneses: s 4 l Inventor,

v-W gf/@mq Richard HFice,

, ...49ML BY @4Q/@M1 Winesses: f 70 R. H. MGE. GOVERNING MEANS FOR ELASTIG FLUID TUI'LBIMES, APPLIOATION FILED SEPT. 2a um.

u@ VZ I NVQ-mbar;

eimj Mai". 25, 1912.

LZZ-wkomiz't may covwern: f. .1;3 Be'- known that 11,@ Rumano RICE, citizen of the United 'St-aises, V'residing' at ynf'countybEssex, State iof'Ma'ssaj' Vommoxrstel andfi'a're sucthe first 'progressively iiicrensi'n on; the object fbeingf told-inse' miettessie `operation of tlievalvesbotli in opening` '|nl closing# The' first valvc to'bcr actuated if iirfa'dmlitting lst'eam ina'ybe securedvtotlie stein; in any event it :moves direct-ly with 1t.

" "Tn 'order to operate the valves' qu ickly and willi precision, ai1d"at'.the same time tov avoid f1.0 the necessity "of, maintaining "a separate` ""'1 sohice of fluidnnderpressure,'1 operate the Stein "by f a "/'st'e'lmactuated motor `taking steam fromithc' main supplylnp'lc'. 'This in toi-lis controlled by 'a pilot valvethat is.

.f5 rfspons've to speedfresponsivel device result -mfa fluctuation 'of thepeetl of the turbine. vthis being particularly objection# able where tbc turbine is employed fto drive electrical apparatus.' "llle pilot'valve .en

setftliatnvlien itisin it'blfinitialposition,

Y W {GovnniiINGia-Eans fron., ELASTICFLUID rU'RBiNns.

- steam4 under p ts "have 'invented Qcertaininevi. and lisei A Mechanisms i-PfMlmT. OFFICE-a I' ruega-nii niriiNaMAssiic-HUSETTS., 4iissmiroii.' rolex-:Nexen Eiiac'rmc i l ,y .L 4ycoiuiniivszf, a cnronamon or Nnwyonxf. t

.Patented Mar. 26, i912.

'ressu're 'has access through" restricted openings to the cylinder space on both sides of themotorpiston.` By rea- .son of this Iconstructionjwhen the valve is f f movedlfrom its initial position, it imx'nediately and 'to one '.s'ide vorthe other of the piston', as

piston toi 'prevent-them; from 'taking 'place ii/piston, and cylinder and a, by-pass valve Y)vhichcontrols the transfer of liquid from. one side of -the piston to the other.A To insure synchronous operation of the pilot and 'saine stemv and both are, therefore, connected to. the lfollow-up device to prevent over- -traveL Under certain conditions, however,

'itrnay be found' desirable to mount Vthe -pilot and by-pass valves on'v separate. `stems and eitlierfseparately or by 'a common means. Infa-ny event, the parts should be so related oneI to the'other lthattlie dash-'pot .will prvciittoo sudden'niovements of the motor for` lactuating the valves. lIn'the accompanying drawings, which lare illustrative of the invention, Figure 1 is an end viewof a turbine of"the.Cu1-tis type vequipped rwitli. my improved governing mechanism; Fig. 2 is' a partial-side elevation of-'the same with the valvesl and their aetit'a'ting*mechanismin section; Fig. 3 is a 4 is a crosslsect-ion takenon line 4.-4 f Fig. 2; Fig. 5 isl a cross-section .take-n' on line ofFig; 2; Fig. 6 is anenlarged longitudinal section ofthe relay valve for dash-pot; Fig. 7 is afdetail sectional view of u iotor, the sectiminbeing taken online 7 7 'of Fig. 3; Fig. 8 is anenlarged detail view v lthe :18.@ .'niay' be,eand subsequently-exhausts 'v j'theiluldj'from'the opposite side. This ref` thQI'Sfb-"avoiding any1 lag.-

the operation.` Y hefollow-updeyiceffissoconnectedto the j L v 70.5 hat;AanyfmovementlofA the, piston tends'to-`V I'xf1`"certai n instances it may" be desirable toi, i heel;` or .retard the movements'ofA the motoif v 4tOfSuddenly@Wherey su'chis `the case, a

vhydraulic-dash-pot'is provided, comprising by-passvalves, they' are mounted upon the I jconecttt-liem 'xviththe governing mechanism the motor" and t-heby-pass l`valve-'for the the port o r vpassageadmitting-steaxn to the 6o pfreely admits high pressure'luid 1.00 y cross-sectiontakenon 4line-ffjil of Fig.'2; I

`20 ings 8to^prevent theescape oflfluid.- l

Locat'edfwithin the vdash-pot cylinder and e .orcasing 52 containinga cylinder53 forthe steam actuated-motor and a cylinder for the hydraulic dash-pot. Located within the',` steainfcyl-iniler, and mounted o n a shouldered extension (of tlie valvc stem isa piston Situated al'pove vthefpiston and forming the upper part of the cylinder is a head 56 which in the .present instance is clamped between.

tliemai'n-portion oft-lie valv'ecasinr and the frame or extension 52 located liclow it.

VThis head is provided with a sleeve siii'- roiinding the .valve stein for reducing them leakage between the steam space below the valves and thc cylinder space' above the piston. Situated'belowthepiston and located fin 'tlie'lower head of the cylinder is' a packupper' and lower heads of the vcylinder of the.

' dashpotarel likewise provided with lpack-l mounted on the sternfat'Qi's-a v piston maand. between` it andthe inotorp'is'ton is a'spacmgsleeve 60.,v Between-the-.piston"59 andthe 2.5 nut- ".on the fend' of'v'tlie, Astenrisl a'spacing'sleevejfiL When the n'ntisA screwedI vinto '.pliicielbothI l'pistons and' .the sleeves are locked 'in 'placelm A'Below the nut isa bracket A'62., Fig. `5,f. to receive thelpivot '30 pin71for.theleveroffthe folloiwiip de- 40 (ttt. These will be referred to moreespecially in connection with Figs. 3 to 7 inchisive. The bushings 65 and tt'are bored to receive the pilot .valve (i7 and th b v-pass' valve 68. A single stein (Qis provided-for thcse valves and ispivotully connected vto the lever 70. (lne end of this lever ispi votally connected at 7l vto the piston rod of the motor. and at the other end is connected b v the pivot 72. with. the vertically extending and adjustable coiiiiectingii'od 73. 'lhe uppc'r en'd ofthis rod is conncctcdtc the horizontal governor level' l9, b est shown iii-Fig. l. 'lhe lever 70 is provided with .a' guide, 70 to ldirect.. it. in 4its vertical movements. Referring now to'llig. 55 indicatesl thc steam actuated piston and ttlie' pilot valve. .t'or controlling it. 'lhis valve is. ot' the balanced piston type and stc'amis admitted to thc space 74 between the heads b v the vcrtical passage 75, Figs. 3 and 7, and the hori- "zontal passage 76. The adjacent sides of tbc heads are slightly 'farther apart. than the adjacent edges of thc ports in the bushing' (to that lead to thc cylinder 52% (as bcstrsecu from Fig. 2j), sol that wlicngthe valve. is vin Avalve. The passage T5 con'um'inicaie .with

mg 5T of anysuitable constructii'm; 4The its initial or middle position steam Vis ad mitted to both ends of the cylinder and the piston is ready to start quickly whenever either port is opened to exhaust and -closed` to steam b v aslight displacement of the the space at the bottom of thevalvc-'chest- 98. directly under the controlling va}1\'es.\and is" therefore in direct communication through the interiorof the valves` and chest' with the 75 steam supply ccnduit- 30. 4 Partially sur. .rounding the bushing (S5 is an exhaust chain- -ber 77 communicating with the exhaust port' 7S. As shown, steam is being admitted v.to

the .under side of the piston .and thev oppo-J 80 site side of the piston is open to the exhaust. f g' Situated below the pilot valve and on the saine stein 'is a liv-pass valve 68 for controlv ling v the hydraulic dash-pot. This valve. is-

"also of the piston type andl is intended. to`

control the passage o ftluid. aroundthe pis-I ton'ot). As showmthe liqiiidis in/the act of passing from the upperside ofthe piston" through the port 79 into the 'space 80 around l 'the slee\"e;aiid thence l.througlrthe port 81 90 to the Aunder side` of the piston 59. Just as "Soon, hoiveveigfastbe pilot valve'is restored 4to its` initial posit-ions the `b v-pass valve will l be moved to thel position to close the portsfofthe dash-potandits .piston will be locked 1' in place. lnorder--to supply'liquid to tliisr vdash-pot for the purpose of replenishin the supplvin case of leakage orv to vsupp y it .initially an inlet pipe 82 is provided. It

will be noted that one stein is provided for 10o botho these valves. and that they act; simultaneously. ln order that 'the parts mayfbe disconiiected, a joint 83is lprovided in the st em so that the dash-pot mechanism can be disconnected without taking ott' the pilot 105 ln Fig. 9 isshown the construction when -the b vdranlic dash-potis omitted. To the .end of the rod or stem'll is screw-threaded tbc cap S4..ivbich contains the head of the' 1 10 rod S5.. This rod forms au axial continuation or extension of the stem #ltiaud passes through a long packing sleeve. 8G to prevent` the escapeof steam fro'ni'the cylinder. To the lower cndof the rod is secured a bracketl (t2 to. .which 15 connected. by the pivot 7l,` thc lever the latter in turn being con'- iicctcd tothe governor. The total movement of the"governor in this `illustration is assumed to be different from thatpreviously 129 described, hence the distance. betwecn the axes of the stein 49 and-pivot Tl is different from that in Figs. 2.and 5. The construe-- tion and arrangement,of the pilot-valve and the steam passagesrand ports cooperating 1.25 'therewith to control the movementslof the,

' piston 55 are the saine as that of the similar parts shown` in' l"igs. 2. 2l, and. T. and previously dcscritied. 'lhe .exhaust from the c i'linderescapes by the pipe .78 to a con-V denser .or' to the atmosphere, as4 desired. 'lhe lower end of the pilot valve is pivotally connected to the lever 70, and the latter is provided with a` guide 8T to 'direct it in its vertical"movements The Aoperation .of my improved mechanism is as follows Assuming that the turbine is in operation and one valve is openand the :load increases. The governor will depress the roda'. AThis moves the relay valve' (57 and-"theby-pass lvalve 68 down, and steamfi's admittedto the underside of piston 55, Figs. 2 and 6. This causes the latter to move upwardly and' carry with it the second valve, and thusmole steam is admitted to'theturbine. As the piston 55' moves upwardly 1t carries with it the piston 59, and the liquid above the latterv piston is conveyed through the passages-and ports past the valve 68 to the' under side of the piston. As the motor piston begins to move,

1t carries with it the pivot 71 of the leverA 70, thepivot 72 now lbecoming the; fulcrum.

This action continues until "the valves-67' and (i8 close the ports, when the motorl will cease operating and a body of fluid will' confined above andajsecond body below the .dash-pot piston 59.'A A furtherlincrease -inV load will open the third valve, or' a greater number' of valves, if the turbme is so provided. Onl the other hand, if the laaddecreases, the valves will close, one'afterlithe other, and the valves 67 'and 68 vwillib moved accordingly. On a decrease lin lod. these valves are moved upwardly at the startj and .subsequently downward by the movenient of the motorl iston.

In accordance with the provisions of thepatent statutes, Iha-ve described the principle of operation of my Invention, together with the apparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof; but

I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is only illustrative, and that the invention can be carried out by other means.

lVhat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent ofthe United States, ier'- motor :foractuatingr the stem, and a load responsive dcvicefor controlling the motor.

3. l-na governing mechanism for turbmes,

the combination of aiplurality of individual valves, seats therefor,.a Stemnpon which the valves are loosely mounted, abutments on .the valve stem which have different spacing 'than the valve seats to cause successive opening and closing of the valves, a lluid actuated motor forymoving the stem, a pilot valve controlling the motor, and a governor controlling the valve.

4. In a governing mechanism for turbines, the combination of a plurality of individual valves, a stem upon which the valves are'A .loosely mounted, means on the'stem for moving the valves one after theother, a

motor for actuating the stem, a load responsive device for controlling the motor, and a ,follow-up device for preventingover-travel .of the motor andthe valves.

5. In a governing mechanism for turbines,

`the combinationof a` valve, a 'fluid actuated mo'torfor moving the valve, a pilot-valve controlling 'the motor whichj'inits initial position4 admits `1`notiver`fluid to both sides of the motor-piston, means forexhausting fluid fromgthe motor which" becomes effective .when the-"valve" is displaced from said v.initial position, anda 'governor for controlling the valve.

."6. In a; governing mechanism for turbines, the combination of a valve, a fluid actuated motor `for moving the valve, a pilot valve controlling the motor which in its initial position admits motive fluid to both sides of the mot rfpiston, means for exhausting fluid fr'om thilbnotor, a governorfor controlling the valve, and a -follow-up devicefor preventing over-,travel of the motor.

f '7. `Inagoverning mechanism for turbines, the 4combination of .a .plurality of valves, a steam actuated motor for moving the valves one after the other, a` pilot valve for controlling the motor` which returns to its in it-ial position after moving each of the valves and when in said position admits fluid to both sides of the motor piston, a governor for the pilot vulve, and .a follow-up device for restoring the`}pilot valve to its initial 'position.

\8. In' a governiix"l mechanism for turbines, the combination o a'valve chest, a plurality f doublcseat valves-located therein which are partially balanced figvith a tendency toY close, a stem which is common to the valves and moves them one after the other through lost motion connections, a lluid actuated 4motor direct connected to the stem, a pilot valve for the motor, and a governor for controlllng the pilot valve.`

il.. ln a governing` mechanism for turbines,

the combination of a valve chest, a plurality of double-seat valves loca-ted therein, a sleeve containing seats for the valves, a stem common to the valves which is provided' with ahntments to engage the valves which are differently vpaced than the valve seats, a

,jects through tliecylinder head and forms a Y motor for actuating the stein, and'a gover- -nor for the motor.

10, ln a governing mechanism for turbines, the combination of a valve chest, a plurality o f individual Avalves therein, a

'.niotor for actuating the valves successively including'a cylinder atlixcd' to the chest,

there being ports communicating with the cylinder space, a piston in 'the cylinder for actuating the valves, a piston rod which prou stem for the. valves, means for'i'no'unting the tor for moving the stemf liquid-containing valves on the stem for movement one after the other, a pilot'valve for vcontrolling the liow through said ports, a lever connected to the' piston rod and to the pilot valve, and a gover'iioifalso connected to saidlever.

l1. In-a governing mechanism vfor turbines,l the combination of a pluralityof valves, a stem which is common to-the valves and moves them one after the other through lost'motion connections, a fluid-actuated mo.-

i dash-pot for prevent-ing too sudden action 'of the motor, and a governor which controls themo'tor and also the dash-pot.

12.4 In a 'governin mechanism bines, the combination of a plurality of valves, a stem which is common to the valves and moves them one after the other through lost motion connections, aA fluid-actuated motor for moving the stem, a liquid-containing dash-pot for preventing ofthe lfn'otor, a pilot va ve for the motor, a controlling valve 'for the dashpot, and a governor which controls both oisaid'valves.

13. In a governing mechanism for turbines, the combination' ofa plurality of in dividual valves, a stein common thereto, a motor which actuates the valvessuccessively, a liquid-containing dash-pot which operates each time a valve is moved andprevents too iston, and of both tsudden movements vof the motor, and a governor which controls the action of the dashot. A Y '15. In a .governing mechanism for turbines, the combination of a plurality of conltrolling valves, a tiuid-actuated,motor for too sudden action.

valves .having a common' stem', m fans,

Amoving the valves one after .the other, in-

cluding a .cylinder and a piston,a valve casing in axial almemcpt with the cylinder, 'a

common stem for the valves which pro]ects J if a from the easing and forms a piston rod for the motor, a hydraulic' dash-pot, it 'pilpt valve for the motor, ahy-pass valve for the dash-pot, and a governor which actuates y hotli valves.

16. In a governing mechanism for tn rl bines, the coiiihination of a plurality of individual controlling valves, a tluid actuated motor for movingthe valves successively, inA cluding a cylinder, a piston. and a piston rod which also forms a stem for the valves, a'

hydraulic dash-pot, a pilot valve for the motoi', a by-pass valvefor the dash-pot,a-stein"v common to both valves, and a speed gover.- nor which actuates the stem.

17. In a governing mechanism' for. turbines, the combination of a plurality of in-l dividual controlling valves, means including fluid-actuated motor for'moving the valves sueccssively, a hydraulic dash-pot, a. Apilot valve for the motoi," a by-pass valveV for the sof dash-pot, a governor wlnchvactuates both 1 valves, and a means actuated by the motor for restoring the pilot and b`ypass valves to their' initial4 positions to prevent over-travel of the'eontr'olling valves. 18. In afgoverning mechanism for turbines,vthc combination of a plurality' ot-in- 'dividual valves, :in independent seat for each valvefa stem which passes through the valves and raises them from their -seats'one after the other when moved -in one direction, and which permitsthci to eloseby fluid pressure one after the Vo ther when moved in the opposite. direction, a motor that is connected to the stem for moving it,

and a'governing means for regulating the operation ofthe motor.

10. In a governing mechanism for "turbines, the combination of a valve ehest, a

valve located therein, a strainer located-iii `the bore of the chest, a head for the strainer; which makes a snug fit with the'bore' Se' as' to scrape it when removed and takeout foreign matter.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this eighteenth day of September,

' l RICHARD H. RICE.'

VVitnessest JOHN AJMGMANUS, Jr., Piume yF. Hannizvu'roN. l

Images